| 词条 | Hybrid resistance |
| 释义 |
}}Hybrid resistance was first described by Cudkowic in 1963.[1] In a case of hybrid resistance, the parental bone marrow (BM) graft is rejected by F1 generation in murine model. This rejection is caused by natural killer (NK) cells of the recipient. The model which describes this event is called "The missing self".[2][3] The MechanismThe rejection of parental (P) BM graft by F1 generation is caused by NK cells as was said. The activity of these cells (NK cells) is inhibited, if there is cell signaling through inhibitory receptors (Ly49 - mouse, KIR- human). These receptors recognized MHC I molecules on other cells and interact with them. If the inhibition is strong, it means there is signaling Ly49/KIR - MHC I, the inhibition of NK cell occurs. However, if there is no specific self MHC I (H2 alele in murine model) the inhibition of inhibition comes to pass. It means activation of NK cell. In a case of BM transplantation, where the F1 generation arise from two individuals with H2b/b and H2k/k MHC I phenotype. The F1 generation will be H2b/k. It means that there are NK cells in F1 generation, that recognize H2b/k aleles as a self MHC I and there has to be signaling through both of them to inhibition of NKs. But from the P can be only H2b/b or H2k/k transplanted, so the NKs won´t be inhibited enough, because they need signals from both MHC I aleles. This event leads to parental graft rejection.[4][5][6] Refercence list1. ^{{cite journal| pmc=1423380 | pmid=14169112 | volume=7 | title=DEFICIENT GROWTH OF C57BL MARROW CELLS TRANSPLANTED IN F1 HYBRID MICE. ASSOCIATION WITH THE HISTOCOMPATIBILITY-2 LOCUS | journal=Immunology | pages=291–306 | last1 = Cudkowicz | first1 = G | last2 = Stimpfling | first2 = JH|year = 1964}} 2. ^{{cite journal | pmid = 7579194 | volume=7 | issue=2 | title=Hybrid resistance: 'negative' and 'positive' signaling of murine natural killer cells | journal=Semin Immunol | pages=121–7 | last1 = Bennett | first1 = M | last2 = Yu | first2 = YY | last3 = Stoneman | first3 = E | last4 = Rembecki | first4 = RM | last5 = Mathew | first5 = PA | last6 = Lindahl | first6 = KF | last7 = Kumar | first7 = V | doi=10.1006/smim.1995.0016| year=1995 }} 3. ^{{cite journal | pmid = 2201309 | volume=11 | issue=7 | title=In search of the 'missing self': MHC molecules and NK cell recognition | date=July 1990 | journal=Immunol. Today | pages=237–44 | last1 = Ljunggren | first1 = HG | last2 = Kärre | first2 = K | doi=10.1016/0167-5699(90)90097-s}}. 4. ^{{Cite journal|last=Kumar|first=Vinay|last2=George|first2=Thaddeus|last3=Yu|first3=Yik Yeung Lawrence|last4=Liu|first4=Jingxuan|last5=Bennett|first5=Michael|title=Role of murine NK cells and their receptors in hybrid resistance|journal=Current Opinion in Immunology|volume=9|issue=1|pages=52–56|doi=10.1016/s0952-7915(97)80158-6|year=1997}} 5. ^BENNETT, M.; YU, Y. Y.; STONEMAN, E.. Hybrid resistance: 'negative' and 'positive' signaling of murine natural killer cells. Seminars in Immunology. April 1995, roč. 7, čís. 2, s. 121–127. {{PMID|7579194}} 6. ^{{Cite book|title=Natural Killer Cell Protocols|journal = |volume = 121|last=Liu|first=Jingxuan|last2=George|first2=Thaddeus|last3=Devora|first3=Gene A.|last4=Sivakumar|first4=P. V.|last5=Davenport|first5=Colleen|last6=Lai|first6=Wayne C.|last7=Schatzle|first7=John|last8=Kumar|first8=Vinay|last9=Bennett|first9=Michael|date=1999|publisher=Humana Press|pages=61–71|language=en|doi=10.1385/1-59259-044-6:61|pmid = 10818717|chapter = Murine Natural Killer Cells and Hybrid Resistance to Hemopoietic Cells in Vivo|isbn = 978-1-59259-044-5}} 1 : Bone marrow |
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