词条 | Illinois Birth Control League |
释义 |
The Illinois Birth Control League (IBCL) was an organization created by the Chicago Citizens' Committee and the Chicago Woman's Club,[1] to provide information and education about birth control. Later, the organization helped create the first birth control clinic in Chicago.[2] The early birth control clinics run by IBCL often had staff members on hand who were fluent in several languages, in order to better serve immigrant communities.{{Sfn|Holz|2012|p=40}} The IBCL also sponsored discussions about issues relating to family planning and birth control.[3] HistoryIn 1916, Margaret Sanger visited Chicago to give a speech against Comstock laws and in support of birth control clinics.[4] The speech drew around 1,200 people and "inspired the creation of the Illinois Birth Control League."[4] By 1919, the league had been set up and was advertised in the Birth Control Review.[5] In 1923, the IBCL opened its first birth control clinic, which was directed by Rachelle Yarros.[4] This clinic was the second of its kind in the United States.[2] The clinics enabled women who could not afford a private physician to receive practical family planning advice.[6] Originally, the clinics were meant to be free clinics, but the city would not grant them the necessary license from the health commissioner.[6] Because of this, the IBCL charged a "nominal fee" to give out oral information about birth control.[7] In 1924, the IBCL was again denied a permit for the clinic to operate as a public clinic where information could be given out for free.[8] IBCL opened a second birth control office in 1925.[9] By 1937, over 20,000 women had been seen by the several clinics run by IBCL.[6] The IBCL and other women continued to fight against laws preventing the dissemination of information about birth control in Illinois during the late 1920s.[10] In 1934, the IBCL, along with the Chicago Woman's Club, the Birth Control League and the Social Hygiene League of Chicago created a resolution, backed by three hundred women, to allow social workers to discuss family planning and to refer clients to birth control clinics.[11][12] IBCL incorporated in April 1924 with the name, "Illinois Birth Control League" with the mission of philanthropic and educational work relating to family planning.[13]The IBCL became the Planned Parenthood League of Illinois in 1946, and then later, the Planned Parenthood Association, Chicago Area in 1947.[13] Peggy Carr was the last president of the IBCL and oversaw the transition to Planned Parenthood.[14] ReferencesCitations1. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=17ZZTGWTodIC&lpg=PA245&ots=9VP8cwqFax&dq=%22illinois%20birth%20control%20league%22&pg=PA37#v=onepage&q=%22illinois%20birth%20control%20league%22&f=false|title=Birth Control on Main Street: Organizing Clinics in the United States, 1916-1939|last=Hajo|first=Cathy Moran|publisher=University of Illinois Press|year=2010|isbn=9780252035364|location=Chicago|pages=37|quote=|via=}} 2. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://hullhouse.uic.edu/hull/urbanexp/main.cgi?file=new/show_doc.ptt&doc=164&chap=42|title=Rachelle Slobodinsky Yarros|last=Haslett|first=Diane C.|date=2001|website=Urban Experience in Chicago: Hull-House and Its Neighborhoods, 1889-1963|publisher=|access-date=23 January 2017}} 3. ^{{Cite news|url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1940/04/26/page/25/article/symphony-has-musical-party-bars-are-down|title=Planned Parenthood Topic for Birth Control League|last=|first=|date=26 April 1940|work=Chicago Tribune|access-date=23 January 2017|via=}} 4. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/441.html|title=Family Planning|last=Holz|first=Rose|date=|website=The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago|publisher=Chicago Historical Society|access-date=23 January 2017}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=November 1919|title=Birth Control Organizations|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k0IsAAAAYAAJ&lpg=RA6-PA20&ots=hTldP1lKqu&dq=%22illinois%20birth%20control%20league%22&pg=RA6-PA20#v=onepage&q=%22illinois%20birth%20control%20league%22&f=false|journal=Birth Control Review|volume=3|pages=20|via=}} 6. ^1 2 {{Cite news|url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1937/06/06/page/82/article/illinois-birth-control-league-is-vital-social-agency|title=Illinois Birth Control League is Vital Social Agency|last=De Young|first=Ruth|date=6 June 1937|work=Chicago Tribune|access-date=23 January 2017|via=}} 7. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/8436096//|title=Chicago Ordinance is Named Against Birth Control|last=|first=|date=8 November 1924|work=The Catholic Advance|access-date=18 January 2017|via=Newspapers.com}} 8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/8523136/springfield_missouri_republican/|title=Birth Control League Establishes Office in Charge of Director|last=|first=|date=24 October 1924|work=Springfield Missouri Republican|access-date=23 January 2017|via=Newspapers.com}} 9. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/8523244//|title=Birth Control Clinic Doing Big Business|last=Scott|first=O.L.|date=16 February 1925|work=The Bee|access-date=23 January 2017|via=Newspapers.com}} 10. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/8523329//|title=Aids Attack on Laws|last=|first=|date=13 May 1929|work=Oshkosh Daily Northwestern|access-date=23 January 2017|via=Newspapers.com}} 11. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/8523692//|title=Birth Control For People on Relief Urged|last=|first=|date=4 December 1934|work=Ames Daily Tribune|access-date=23 January 2017|via=Newspapers.com}} 12. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/8523305//|title=Demand to Be Made for Birth Control|last=|first=|date=4 December 1934|work=The Sedalia Democrat|access-date=23 January 2017|via=Newspapers.com}} 13. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://chsmedia.org/media/fa/fa/M-P/PlannedP-inv.htm|title=Planned Parenthood Association Chicago Area records, 1920-1975|last=|first=|date=2009|website=Chicago Historical Society|publisher=|access-date=23 January 2017}} 14. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-margaret-carr-obituary-20161127-story.html|title=Peggy Carr, Active With Organizations That Help Women and Children, Dies|last=Megan|first=Graydon|date=27 November 2016|work=Chicago Tribune|access-date=23 January 2017|via=}} Sources
External links
4 : Planned Parenthood|Birth control in the United States|1924 establishments in Illinois|Women's organizations based in the United States |
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。