| 词条 | Ismail Urwayni |
| 释义 |
}}{{Infobox religious biography|religion=Islam |name = Ismail Urwayni |image = |caption = |title = |birth_name = Ismail Ishaaq Urwayni {{lang|so|Sheekh Ismaaciil Sheekh Isxaaq al-Urwayni}} |birth_date = 1857 |birth_place = Buuhoodle, Dhulbahante sultanate |death_date = |death_place = |death_cause = |resting_place = |other_names = |nationality = |ethnicity = |era = |region = Horn of Africa |occupation = Islamic scholar |denomination = |jurisprudence = Shafi'i |creed = |movement = |main_interests = |notable_ideas = |notable_works = Somali Salihism |alma_mater = |Sufi_order = Salihiya |disciple_of = |awards = |influences = Shaykh Muhammad Salah, Qadiriya |influenced = Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, Darwiish |module = }} Ismail Sheikh Ishaaq Urwayni ({{lang-so|Ismaaciil Sheekh Isxaaq al-Urwayni}}) was the founder of the Salihiya tariqa in Somalia in 1890, and was the religious mentor of several Darwiish, including Sayid Mohammed Abdullah Hassan and as such conceived the religious aspects of the ideology behind the Darwiish movement. BiographyIsmail Urwayni was born in 1857 to the Hayaag Nugaleed sub-lineage of the Dhulbahante. The form of Salihiya taught by Ismail Urwayni opposed the Qadiriyya for their tawassul, their perceived collusion with British colonizers and certain foods that he regarded as makruh. The other major Salihiya teacher of this era, Ali Nayroobi, was also a Dhulbahante, and a student of Ismail Urwayni. Nayroobi, whose birth name is Ali Muhammad al-Adali, was in late 1890s initially the teacher of the imminent Darwiish in the Hawd and Ogaden region, but subsequently taught the tariqa in southern Somalia where he remained until he died in 1920 and at the southern extremity of Somali inhabited areas, from where he took his nickname. Whereas other students of Salahiya, including the former slave Qulid al-Rashidi, taught in the south along the iterriverine area, Urwayni taught Urwayniya or Urwaynism in the north. The fractious propensity of Salihiya influenced both the Darwiish in the north, and the Aulihan disturbances in the south. Urwayni founded the tariqa of Somali Salihiya concurrently to the death of the founder of the predecessor parent tariqa of Ahmadiya, Sheekh Aadan, at the turn of the last decade of the 19th century.[1] References1. ^Bemath, Abdul S. "The Sayyid and Saalihiya Tariga: reformist, anticolonial hero in Somalia." In The shadow of conquest: Islam in colonial Northeast Africa (1992): 33-47. {{Somalia-bio-stub}} 4 : 19th-century African people|Somalian Sufis|Somalian religious leaders|1910s deaths |
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