| 词条 | James Gillingham |
| 释义 |
CareerGillingham was a Victorian boot and shoemaker[5] at his Golden Shoe shop[6] until 1863 when he began making artificial limbs made from leather and molded like a pair of shoes.[7] His first prosthetic limb was for William Singleton,[8] a local man who lost an arm firing a cannon for a celebratory salute, which Gillingham made at no cost to Singleton.[7] He then made prostheses on a permanent basis. Chard, as a result, became a major centre of the British artificial limb industry.[1] Samples from Gillingham's workshop are on display at the Chard Museum.[9] The Lancet medical journal in a 1966 article described Gillingham's prostheses as "strong, light, and durable" and took 10 days to make, were "easy wearing and not likely to get out of repair; simple in construction, and as beautiful as life in appearance." Nicknamed the "Leather Leg," Gillingham molded the leather to the patient's limb before hardening it. By 1910, he had restored mobility and function to more than 15,000 patients. He took black-and-white photos to show the detail and fit of each prosthetic.[7]Gillingham's story was included in the BBC One 2017 documentary titled Invented in… that featured the Chard Museum.[5] BookIn 2001, author Derrick W. Warren wrote the book James Gillingham: Surgical Mechanist & Manufacturer of Artificial Limbs, published by Somerset Industrial Archaeological Society.[10] References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ssplprints.com/image/102576/girl-wearing-two-artificial-legs-1890-1910|title=Girl wearing two artificial legs, 1890-1910.|author=|date=|publisher=Science & Society Picture Library}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gillingham, James}}{{England-bio-stub}}2. ^{{cite journal |last=Smith |first=Marquard |year=2002 |title=The uncertainty of placing : prosthetic bodies, sculptural design, and unhomely dwelling in Marc Quinn, James Gillingham and Sigmund Freud |journal=New formations |issue=46}} 3. ^{{cite journal |last=Wright |first=Elizabeth |year=2009 |title=My Prosthetic and I: Identity Representation in Bodily Extension |journal=Forum: University of Edinburgh Postgraduate Journal of Culture & The Arts |issue=8}} 4. ^{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=Marquard |last2=Morra |first2=Joanne |year=2006 |title=The Prosthetic Impulse: From a Posthuman Present to a Biocultural Future |publisher=MIT Press |page=54 |isbn=9780262195300}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.chardandilminsternews.co.uk/news/15361169.chard-museum-to-take-centre-stage-in-new-bbc-show/|title=Chard Museum to take centre stage in new BBC show|author=|date=|website=Chard & Ilminster News}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://telegraf.com.ua/zhizn/zdorove/3038279-geniy-protezov-angliyskiy-sapozhnik-kotoryiy-oshelomil-meditsinskiy-mir-foto.html|title=Гений протезов - английский сапожник, который ошеломил медицинский мир (Фото)|author=|date=|publisher=Теlegraf}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://mashable.com/2015/07/26/early-prosthesis/|title=Artificial limbs from 1900 were decades ahead of their time|first=Alex|last=Arbuckle|date=|website=Mashable}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bd5KAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA135&dq=%22james+gillingham%22+%22the+lancet%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_xtHs0L7hAhVFQ6wKHUG9D1kQ6AEILzAB#v=onepage&q=%22james+gillingham%22+%22the+lancet%22&f=false|title=The Lancet|author=|date=7 April 2019|publisher=J. Onwhyn.|via=Google Books}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/uk/6192596/Somersets-heritage-sites-a-speedy-tour.html|title=Somerset's heritage sites: a speedy tour|first=Sophie|last=Campbell|date=15 September 2009|publisher=The Telegraph|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ujDGAAAACAAJ&dq=%22james+gillingham%22+%22the+lancet%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_xtHs0L7hAhVFQ6wKHUG9D1kQ6AEIOTAD|title=James Gillingham: Surgical Mechanist & Manufacturer of Artificial Limbs|first=Derrick W.|last=Warren|date=7 April 2019|publisher=Somerset Industrial Archaeological Society|via=Google Books}} 9 : Year of birth missing|Year of death missing|Place of birth missing|Place of death missing|People from Chard, Somerset|Prosthetic manufacturers|19th-century English people|1839 births|1924 deaths |
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