| 词条 | James Hanna McCormick |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = | name = James Hanna McCormick | honorific-suffix = | image = Major James Hanna McCormick.png | alt = | constituency_MP = Belfast, St Anne's | parliament = Northern Ireland | majority = | predecessor = Constituency created | successor = Edmond Warnock | term_start = 1929 | term_end = 1938 | birth_date = {{birth date|1875|9|20|df=yes}} | birth_place = Belfast, Ireland | death_date = {{death date and age|1955|5|4|1875|9|20|df=yes}} | death_place = Belfast, Northern Ireland | nationality = | spouse = {{marriage|Evelyn Campbell|1922}} | party = Ulster Unionist Party | relations = | children = {{plain list|
}} | residence = | alma_mater = | occupation = | profession = Soldier | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }} Lieutenant{{Nbsp}}Colonel{{refn|name=rank|group=note|McCormick was varyingly described as either "Major" or "Lieutenant Colonel" during his political career.}} James{{Nbsp}}Hanna{{Nbsp}}McCormick,{{Nbsp}}{{postnominals|country=GBR|DSO}} (September{{Nbsp}}1875 - May{{Nbsp}}1955)[2][3] was a professional soldier and Ulster{{Nbsp}}Unionist{{Nbsp}}Party politician. Early lifeMcCormick was born in Belfast,{{Nbsp}}Ireland to Thomas{{Nbsp}}McCormick and Elizabeth{{Nbsp}}Hanna{{Nbsp}}McCormick. He self-described his religion as "Irish{{Nbsp}}Protestant".[2] He moved to Canada in 1903, to take part in the colonisation of Lloydminster, Saskatchewan.[2] By 1909, he had become the deputy mayor of Lloydminster, where he also owned 1,200 acres of land and worked as an estate auctioneer.[4] Military careerEarly careerMcCormick served in the Boer{{Nbsp}}War in the Imperial{{Nbsp}}Yeomanry,[5] and later joined the 22nd{{Nbsp}}Saskatchewan Light{{Nbsp}}Horse of the Canadian militia. First World WarAt the outbreak of the First{{Nbsp}}World{{Nbsp}}War, McCormick enlisted as a commissioned officer in the Canadian{{Nbsp}}Expeditionary{{Nbsp}}Force.[6] As the deputy{{Nbsp}}sheriff of Saskatchewan, he raised a band of men at his own expense - the Corps{{Nbsp}}of{{Nbsp}}Western{{Nbsp}}Canadian{{Nbsp}}Cowboys, nicknamed "McCormick's{{Nbsp}}Devils". They joined the 197th{{Nbsp}}Battalion (later absorbed into the 11th{{Nbsp}}Battalion) and crossed the Atlantic in January{{Nbsp}}1917. In August{{Nbsp}}1917, he led the 17th (City of Winnipeg) Battalion during the final assault on Lens. He won the Distinguished Service Order medal for his actions at Vimy Ridge. He had been recommended for the Victoria Cross and was wounded five times throughout the war.[2][7] He returned to Canada in October 1919. Poltitical careerAfter the war, McCormick returned to Belfast to pursue a political career in the newly partitioned government of Northern{{Nbsp}}Ireland. He was the chairman of the Court{{Nbsp}}of{{Nbsp}}Appeal from 1921 to 1924, and of the appeal{{Nbsp}}courts of the Ministry{{Nbsp}}of{{Nbsp}}Labour from 1928 to 1929. Member of ParliamentIn 1929, McCormick campaigned as the Ulster{{Nbsp}}Unionist{{Nbsp}}Party candidate for Belfast{{Nbsp}}St{{Nbsp}}Anne's in the Northern{{Nbsp}}Ireland House{{Nbsp}}of{{Nbsp}}Commons. Following a successful campaign, he became the new constituency's first member of parliament.[8] Anti-CatholicismDespite his senior position in the UUP, he became a leading member of the controversial anti-Catholic Ulster{{Nbsp}}Protestant{{Nbsp}}League during its formation in 1931.[9] He also travelled to Scotland to speak on behalf of its sister organisation, the Scottish Protestant League.[10] In 1933, he complained about Protestants giving jobs to Catholics, accusing those that did of being "traitors" to their country. McCormick was also alarmed at the rate of population growth of the Catholic demographic. At an Orangemen rally, he proclaimed that some Protestant majorities had become minorities, saying that could lead to the Catholic Church being in power.[11] ShootingIn October 1933, McCormick was attacked by two assailants outside his home. After defending himself with his walking stick, he was shot in the arm. The press linked the incident to Irish republicanism, of which McCormick was a well-known opponent.[12][13] Later lifeIn 1938, at the end of his second term, McCormick retired from political office. He renamed his house to Vimy, after the battle in which he was decorated for gallantry. He was nominated as an independent unionist candidate for Belfast West in the 1950 UK general election, but the seat was won by James Godfrey MacManaway of the UUP. In a column for the Londonderry Sentinel, MacManaway accused McCormick of splitting the vote, saying he wasn't a unionist "of any kind".[14] McCormick continued to reside in Northern{{Nbsp}}Ireland until his death in 1955. PublicationsMcCormick authored two books about the colonisation of Saskatchewan:
Notes1. ^{{cite web|title=Surnames of Co. Down: McCormick, McCormac & variants|url=http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~rosdavies/SURNAMES/Mc/McCormick.htm|accessdate=10 October 2017|quote=of Islandvale, 19 King's Rd, Knock then Vimy, 31 Gilnahirk Rd, Knock;; a professional soldier who fought in the Boer War then went to Lloydminster, Canada in 1901 and worked as an auctioneer, estate agent & deputy mayor; joined the Winnipeg Regiment to fight in 1st World War; married Evelyn Campbell in 1922 at Knock Presbyterian Church ; became a politician & Unionist MP for West Belfast; father of William & Campbell ; shot & wounded 28 Oct 1933 in Barnett's Road; wedding photo available}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://canadianorangehistoricalsite.com/JamesHannaMcCormick.php|website=canadianorangehistoricalsite.com|title=Canadian Orange Historical Site|accessdate=2017-10-10}} 3. ^{{cite news|title=Death of Former Unionist MP|url=http://fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%2018/New%20York%20NY%20Irish%20American%20Advocate/New%20York%20NY%20Irish%20American%20Advocate%201955/New%20York%20NY%20Irish%20American%20Advocate%201955%20-%200253.pdf|accessdate=10 October 2017|work=The Advocate|date=21 May 1955}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Peel|first1=Bruce Braden|title=Peel's Bibliography of the Canadian Prairies to 1953|publisher=University of Toronto Press|location=page 811}} 5. ^{{cite news|title=First Surprise In Nominations For GJB. Election|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/lethbridge-herald-feb-07-1950-p-3/|work=Lethbridge Herald|date=7 February 1950|quote=After serving in the Boer war with the Ulster Yeomanry}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Officer's Declaration Paper: Canadian Over-seas Expeditionary Force|url=http://central.bac-lac.gc.ca/.item/?op=pdf&app=CEF&id=B6656-S038|accessdate=16 October 2017|date=3 May 1916}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=The historic Belfast house that was turned into a hospital for wartime|url=http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/opinion/the-historic-belfast-house-that-was-turned-into-a-hospital-for-wartime-1-6220733|website=Belfast News Letter|accessdate=10 October 2017}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.election.demon.co.uk/stormont/belfast.html|website=election.demon.co.uk|title=Northern Ireland Parliamentary Election Results: Boroughs: Belfast |accessdate=2017-10-10}} 9. ^Graham Walker, A History of the Ulster Unionist Party: Protest, Pragmatism And Pessimism 10. ^{{cite book|last1=Gallagher|first1=Tom|title=Glasgow, the Uneasy Peace: Religious Tension in Modern Scotland, 1819-1914|date=1987}} 11. ^{{cite book|last1=Hattersley|first1=Roy|title=The Catholics}} 12. ^{{cite news|title=Ulster MP wounded. Perhaps by Republicans|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/11581246/|accessdate=10 October 2017|work=Helena Daily Independent|date=27 October 1933|quote=Major J. H. McCormick, a member of the Ulster parliament was shot and severely wounded tonight by two assailants. Major McCormick is well known In Canada, where he was sheriff of Lloydministor and raised a force known as McCormick's Devils in the World War.It was assumed the Belfast assault was connected with a recent outburst of republican activity. Major McCormick was conspicuous as an anti-republican.}} 13. ^{{cite news|title=Ulster M.P. Wounded In Struggle With Two Men|url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/36452903|work=The Advertiser|date=28 October 1933|page=22|quote=Major J. H. McCormick, a member of the Parliament of Northern Ireland, was held up by two men while on his way home in Belfast. He was ordered to put up his hands. Instead, he struck one of his assailants on the head with his walking stick. In the struggle which followed three shots were fired. Major McCormick was wounded in the arm, but the injury is not serious.}} 14. ^{{cite news|last1=MacManaway|first1=James Godfrey|title=Independent will lose his deposit,|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/BL/0001480/19500209/056/0005|accessdate=11 October 2017|work=Londonderry Sentinel|date=9 February 1950}} 15. ^{{cite book|last1=McCormick|first1=James Hanna|title=The Greater Saskatchewan|date=1910|location=Lloydminster}} 16. ^{{cite book|last1=McCormick|first1=James Hanna|title=Lloydminster, or, 5,000 miles with the Barr colonists.|date=1924|location=London}} References| title = Member of Parliament for Belfast, St Anne's | before = Constituency created | after = Edmond Warnock | years = 1929–1938}}{{s-end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:McCormick, James Hanna}} 9 : Ulster Unionist Party members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland|Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1929–33|Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1933–38|Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland for Belfast constituencies|Companions of the Distinguished Service Order|Canadian Expeditionary Force officers|People from Lloydminster|1875 births|1955 deaths |
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