| 词条 | 2065 Spicer |
| 释义 |
| minorplanet = yes | name = 2065 Spicer | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = | discovered = 9 September 1959 | discoverer = Indiana University {{nowrap|{{small|(Indiana Asteroid Program)}}}} | discovery_site = Goethe Link Obs. | mpc_name = (2065) Spicer | alt_names = 1959 RN{{·}}{{mp|1952 BS|1}} 1955 XC{{·}}1968 QX {{mp|1973 YR|2}} | named_after = Edward H. Spicer {{small|(American anthropologist)}}[2] | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(middle)}} [3] | orbit_ref = | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 60.34 yr (22,038 days) | aphelion = 3.3313 AU | perihelion = 2.0659 AU | semimajor = 2.6986 AU | eccentricity = 0.2345 | period = 4.43 yr (1,619 days) | mean_anomaly = 350.70° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2223|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 6.4348° | asc_node = 328.09° | arg_peri = 66.381° | dimensions = {{val|16.721|0.088}} km[5][6] 18.43 km {{small|(calculated)}}[3] | rotation = {{val|18.165|0.005}} h[8]{{efn|name=ightcurve-plot}} | albedo = 0.057 {{small|(assumed)}}[3] {{val|0.062|0.007}}[5][6] | spectral_type = SMASS = Xc {{·}}P [5]{{·}}X [3] | abs_magnitude = {{val|12.03|0.23}}[15]{{·}}12.2[5]{{·}}12.4[3] }} 2065 Spicer, provisional designation {{mp|1959 RN}}, is a dark and eccentric asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers in diameter. The asteroid was discovered on 9 September 1959, by the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn, Indiana, United States, and named after American anthropologist Edward H. Spicer.[2][20] Orbit and classificationSpicer orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.1–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,619 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.23 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic.Physical characteristicsSpicer{{'}}s spectra is that of a X-type and Xc-type in SMASS classification scheme, which indicates a transitional stage to the carbonaceous C-type asteroid. It has also been characterized as a P-type asteroid by the NEOWISE mission.[5]PhotometryIn January 2005, photometric measurements of Spicer made by American astronomer Brian Warner at the Palmer Divide Observatory ({{small|716}}) gave a lightcurve with a well-defined rotation period of {{val|18.165|0.005}} hours and a brightness variation of {{val|1.0|0.03}} magnitude ({{small|U=3}}).[8]{{efn|name=ightcurve-plot}} Diameter and albedoAccording to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Spicer measures 16.721 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.062,[5][6] while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 18.43 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.4.[3] NamingThis minor planet was named after American anthropologist Edward H. Spicer (1906–1983), professor at the University of Arizona, and a former president of the American Anthropological Association.[2] In 1955, Spicer's negotiations with the local district and tribal councils were instrumental for receiving permission to evaluate the location where the Kitt Peak National Observatory was later built.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 26 May 1983 ({{small|M.P.C. 7944}}).[30] Notes{{notelist|refs={{efn|name=ightcurve-plot|1=Lightcurve plot of 2065 Spicer from the Palmer Divide Observatory, B. D. Warner (2005)}}}} References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2065) Spicer |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 167 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2066 |chapter = (2065) Spicer }} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]2. ^1 {{cite web |title = 2065 Spicer (1959 RN) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2065 |accessdate = 7 December 2016}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |accessdate = 7 December 2016}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (2065) Spicer |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=2065%7CSpicer |accessdate = 7 December 2016}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407 }} 6. ^1 2 {{Cite journal |author = Warner, Brian D. |date = September 2005 |title = Asteroid lightcurve analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory - winter 2004-2005 |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2005MPBu...32...54W |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 32 |issue = 3 |pages = 54–58 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2005MPBu...32...54W |access-date= 7 December 2016}} 7. ^1 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |access-date= 7 December 2016}} 8. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey |first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt |first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan |first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr |first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie |first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen |first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker |first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T., IV |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins |date = November 2011 |title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 20 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 |arxiv = 1109.4096 |access-date= 7 December 2016}} }} External links
6 : Background asteroids|Discoveries by Indiana University (Indiana Asteroid Program)|Minor planets named for people|Named minor planets|Xc-type asteroids (SMASS)|Astronomical objects discovered in 1959 |
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