| 词条 | 20th Armoured Division (Greece) |
| 释义 |
|unit_name= 20th Armoured Division "Macedonia" 20ή Τεθωρακισμένη Μεραρχία «ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ» | image=20th Armoured Division Emblem Greece.jpg | image_size = 300 |caption=Formation flag of the 20th Armoured Division |dates=1956–today |country= {{flag|Greece}} |branch= Hellenic Army |type= Armour |role= |size= 3 Brigades |command_structure= IV Army Corps |garrison= Kavala, Macedonia |patron= |motto= In The Shade ΥΠΟ ΣΚΙΗ Ypo Skii |battles= |anniversaries= }} The 20th Armoured Division "Macedonia" ({{lang-el|XX Τεθωρακισμένη Μεραρχία «ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ»}}, abbrev. XX ΤΘΜ) is the only armoured division of the Hellenic Army. It is headquartered in Kavala, Macedonia. HistoryThe Hellenic Army's first attempt to form an armoured/mechanized division was the 19th Mechanized Division in early 1941, which was destroyed during the German invasion of Greece.{{sfn|History of the Cavalry–Armour|pp=57–63}} These efforts were resumed after Liberation, with mechanized units being established in 1945 and fighting in the Greek Civil War of 1946–49. The same period saw also the arrival of the first true tanks in Greece, the British Centaur tanks, which only began to be employed in 1947.{{sfn|History of the Cavalry–Armour|pp=65–73}} From 1950 on, the Hellenic Army began receiving M24 Chaffee tanks and M18 Hellcat tank destroyers.{{sfn|History of the Cavalry–Armour|p=75}} In 1954, 9th Infantry Division was converted into an armoured division, comprising two Battle Commands (Διοικήσεις Μάχης, ΔΜΑ). Due to the severe lack of tanks and other armoured vehicles, the division was armoured in name only. In 1956 the 9th Armoured Division was converted into the 20th Armoured Division, which was gradually formed over the next four years.{{sfn|History of the Cavalry–Armour|p=75}} With the arrival of the first M47 Patton tanks in 1957, the first Medium Tank Battalions (Επιλαρχίες Μέσων Αρμάτων, ΕΜΑ) of 55 tanks each, were formed.{{sfn|History of the Cavalry–Armour|p=75}} From 1964, the division began receiving the first M48 Patton tanks and M113 armoured personnel carriers, which began replacing older material.{{sfn|History of the Cavalry–Armour|p=76}} By 1971, sufficient numbers of M48 tanks had arrived so that three new Medium Tank Battalions, 24th, 25th, and 26th, could be established so that each Battle Command comprised two Medium Tank Battalions.{{sfn|History of the Cavalry–Armour|p=77}} In 1977–79, the Battle Commands were formed into independent Armoured Brigades, with 3rd Battle Command forming the 23rd Armoured Brigade, 1st Battle Command forming the 24th Armoured Brigade, and 2nd Battle Command forming the 25th Armoured Brigade. 20th Division remained as an operational headquarters coordinating the latter two brigades. In 1985, 25th Armoured Brigade passed directly under IV Army Corps, and was replaced by 22nd Armoured Brigade.{{sfn|History of the Cavalry–Armour|p=78}} Structure (2016){{Location map+ | Greece| width = 360 | caption = | places ={{Location map~ | Greece | label = 20th Armored | position = left | background = white | marksize = 8 | mark = Gold pog.svg | lat_deg = 40 | lat_min = 56 | lat_dir = N | lon_deg = 24 | lon_min = 24 | lon_dir = E{{Location map~ | Greece | label = 21st Armored | position = right | background = white | marksize = 5 | mark = Gold pog.svg | lat_deg = 41 | lat_min = 06 | lat_dir = N | lon_deg = 25 | lon_min = 25 | lon_dir = E{{Location map~ | Greece | label = 23rd Armored | position = bottom | background = white | marksize = 5 | mark = Gold pog.svg | lat_deg = 40 | lat_min = 51 | lat_dir = N | lon_deg = 25 | lon_min = 52 | lon_dir = E{{Location map~ | Greece | label = 25th Armored | position = left | background = white | marksize = 5 | mark = Gold pog.svg | lat_deg = 41 | lat_min = 08 | lat_dir = N | lon_deg = 24 | lon_min = 53 | lon_dir = E }}
Emblem and mottoThe emblem depicts a Centaur ready to fire an arrow. The body of the horse symbolizes strength and aggressiveness of armor/cavalry, and the human body symbolizes the soldier who controls the vehicle and directs the weapon. The motto of the 20th Armored Division is "In The Shade" ({{lang-el|Υπό σκιή}}, Ypo Skii). The phrase is attributed to the Spartan soldier Dienekes, who on the eve of the Battle of Thermopylae, was told by a native of Trachis that the Persian archers were so numerous that their arrows would block out the sun. Dienekes replied with a laugh, "Good. Then we will fight in the shade." ReferencesSources
6 : Divisions of Greece|Armored divisions|Kavala|1956 establishments in Greece|Military units and formations established in 1956|Armoured units and formations of Greece |
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