| 词条 | Japanese destroyer Kiku (1920) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Japanese destroyer {{nihongo|Kiku|菊|}} was one of 21 {{sclass-|Momi|destroyer}}s built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1910s. She was converted into a patrol boat in 1940 and spent the Pacific War on escort duties, mostly in Japanese waters. The ship was sunk by American carrier aircraft in early 1944. Design and descriptionThe Momi class was designed with higher speed and better seakeeping than the preceding {{sclass-|Enoki|destroyer|0}} second-class destroyers. The ships had an overall length of {{convert|280|ft|m|sp=us|disp=flip|1}} and were {{convert|275|ft|m|sp=us|disp=flip|1}} between perpendiculars. They had a beam of {{convert|26|ft|m|sp=us|disp=flip|1}}, and a mean draft of {{convert|8|ft|m|sp=us|disp=flip|1}}. The Momi-class ships displaced {{convert|850|LT|t|sp=us|disp=flip|0}} at standard load and {{convert|1020|LT|t|sp=us|disp=flip|0}} at deep load. They were powered by two Parsons direct-drive steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by three Kampon water-tube boilers.[1] The turbines were designed to produce {{convert|21500|shp|kW|lk=in}}, which would propel the ships at {{convert|36|kn|lk=in}}. The ships carried a maximum of {{convert|275|t|LT|0|sp=us}} of fuel oil which gave them a range of {{convert|3000|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|15|kn}}. Their crew consisted of 110 officers and crewmen.[2] The main armament of the Momi-class ships consisted of three {{convert|12|cm|sp=us|adj=on|1}} Type 3 guns in single mounts; one gun forward of the superstructure in a well deck, one between the two funnels, and the last gun atop the aft superstructure. The guns were numbered '1' to '3' from front to rear. The ships carried two above-water twin sets of {{convert|53.3|cm|sp=us|adj=on|1}} torpedo tubes; one mount was in the well deck between the forward superstructure and the forward gun and the other between the aft funnel and aft superstructure.[2] In 1939–40, Kiku was converted into a patrol boat. Her torpedo tubes, minesweeping gear, and aft 12 cm gun were removed in exchange for two triple mounts for license-built {{convert|25|mm|abbr=on}} Type 96 light AA guns and 60 depth charges. In addition one boiler was removed, which reduced her speed to {{convert|18|kn}} from {{convert|12000|shp|abbr=on}}. These changes made her top heavy and ballast had to be added which increased her displacement to {{convert|935|LT|t|sp=us|disp=flip|0}}.[3][5] Construction and careerKiku, built at the Kawasaki Dockyard Co. shipyard in Kobe, was launched on 13 October 1920 and completed on 10 December 1920.[4] From December 1939 to April 1940, she was converted into a patrol boat and was renamed Patrol Boat No. 31 on 1 April 1940. The ship was sunk by American carrier aircraft from Task Force 58 on 31 March 1944 near Palau at coordinates {{Coord|07|30|N|134|30|E|display=inline,title}}. Patrol Boat No. 31 was struck from the Navy List on 10 May 1944.[3]Notes1. ^Watts & Gordon, pp. 259–60 2. ^1 Jentschura, Jung & Mickel, p. 137 3. ^1 Hackett, Kingsepp & Cundall 4. ^1 Gardiner & Gray, p. 244 References
External links{{Commons category|Momi class destroyer}}
6 : 1920 ships|Ships built in Japan|Momi-class destroyers|Ships sunk by US aircraft|Maritime incidents in March 1944|World War II shipwrecks in the Pacific Ocean |
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