“Jeremiah 39”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Jeremiah 39 is the thirty-ninth chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. It is numbered as Jeremiah 46 in the Septuagint. This book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. This chapter is part of a narrative section consisting of chapters 37 to 44.^[1] Chapter 39 records the fall of Jerusalem, verses 1-10, and Jeremiah's fate, verses 11-18.{{sfn|Huey|1993|p=340-346}}

Text

The original text is written in Hebrew. This chapter is divided into 18 verses. The content is similar to {{bibleref2|2 Kings|25:1-12|NKJV}} and {{bibleref2|Jeremiah|52:4-16|NKJV}}.{{sfn|Huey|1993|p=343}}

Textual versions

Some ancient witnesses for the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}}

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint (with a different chapter and verse numbering), made in the last few centuries BC. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B;

^B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK:

^S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A;

^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q;

^Q; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}} The Septuagint version does not contain the part what is generally known to be verses 4-13 in Christian Bibles.^[2]

Parashot

The parashah sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex.^[2] Jeremiah 39 is a part of the "Fifteenth prophecy (Jeremiah 36-39)" in the section of Prophecies interwoven with narratives about the prophet's life (Jeremiah 26-45). {P}: open parashah; {S}: closed parashah.

Verse numbering

The order of chapters and verses of the Book of Jeremiah in the English Bibles, Masoretic Text (Hebrew), and Vulgate (Latin), in some places differs from that in the Septuagint (LXX, the Greek Bible used in the Eastern Orthodox Church and others) according to Rahlfs or Brenton. The following table is taken with minor adjustments from Brenton's Septuagint, page 971.^[3]

The order of Computer Assisted Tools for Septuagint/Scriptural Study (CATSS) based on Alfred Rahlfs' Septuaginta (1935), differs in some details from Joseph Ziegler's critical edition (1957) in Göttingen LXX. Swete's Introduction mostly agrees with Rahlfs' edition (=CATSS).^[3]

Verse 1

Cross reference: {{bibleverse|2 Kings|25:1|KJV}}; {{bibleref2|Jeremiah|52:1-4}}; {{bibleref2|Ezekiel|24:1-2}}

"The ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month" refers to January 587 BCE.^[5] {{bibleref2|2 Kings|25:1|NKJV}}, {{bibleref2|Jeremiah|52:4|NKJV}} and {{bibleref2|Ezekiel|24:1|NKJV}} provide the date as "the tenth day of the month".{{sfn|Huey|1993|p=341}}

Verse 2

An alternative translation would be "... the city wall was breached".^[7] "The eleventh year of Zedekiah, in the fourth month" refers to July 586 BCE: the wall of Jerusalem "was broken through" after 18 months of siege,^[5]{{sfn|Huey|1993|p=341}} and the city fell after completely devoid of food. Cannibalism became prevalent ({{bibleref2|Jeremiah|52:4-6|NKJV}}; {{bibleref2|Lamentation|4:10|NKJV}}).{{sfn|Huey|1993|p=341}}

Verse 3

The medieval Jewish commentator Rashi considered the statement "All the officials of the king of Babylon entered and sat at the Middle Gate" as the fulfillment of the prophecy, "They shall come and each one set his throne at the entrance of the gates of Jerusalem" in 15.^[10]

Verse 7

Verse 13

"Rabsaris"; and "Rabmag" are "titles of Babylonian officials" according to the New Oxford Annotated Bible.^[5]

Verse 14

According to 1 the court of the prison was located in Ramah, from where Jeremiah was released into the protection of Gedaliah (cf. {{bibleverse|Jeremiah|26:24|KJV}}).{{sfn|O'Connor|2007|pp=519-520}}

See also

References

1. ^The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha, Augmented Third Edition, New Revised Standard Version, Indexed. Michael D. Coogan, Marc Brettler, Carol A. Newsom, Editors. Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 2007. pp. 1137 Hebrew Bible. {{ISBN|978-0195288810}}
2. ^As reflected in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English.
3. ^¹²CCEL - Brenton Jeremiah Appendix.
4. ^{{bibleref2|Jeremiah|39:1|NKJV}} NKJV
5. ^¹²³The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha, Augmented Third Edition, New Revised Standard Version, Indexed. Michael D. Coogan, Marc Brettler, Carol A. Newsom, Editors. Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 2007. pp. 1140 Hebrew Bible. {{ISBN|978-0195288810}}
6. ^{{bibleref2|Jeremiah|39:2|NKJV}} NKJV
7. ^Footnote at {{bibleref2|Jeremiah|39:2|NKJV}} in the NKJV
8. ^{{bibleref2|Jeremiah|39:3|HCSB}} HCSB
9. ^Jerusalem Bible (1966), Jeremiah 38:28 and 39:3
10. ^Rashi's Commentary on Jeremiah 39:3
11. ^Vanderhooft, David, The Neo-Babylonian Empire and Babylon in the Latter Prophets. HSS 59; Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1999. p 151.
12. ^Translation (by Michael Jursa?) found in Reynolds, Nigel. (2007). "Tiny Tablet provides proof for Old Testament." Telegraph.co.uk. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070914043526/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2007%2F07%2F11%2Fntablet111.xml Archived].
13. ^Jursa, M., "Nabû-šarrūssu-ukīn, rab ša-rēši, und ,,Nebusarsekim“ (Jer 39:3)" Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires 2008-1 pp. 9-10 (link)
14. ^{{bibleref2|Jeremiah|39:7|NKJV}} NKJV
15. ^{{bibleref2|Jeremiah|39:13|NKJV}} NKJV
16. ^{{bibleref2|Jeremiah|39:14|NKJV}} NKJV