| 词条 | Belcher Islands |
| 释义 |
| name = Belcher Islands | image_name = Belcherislands.png | image_caption = Belcher Islands, Nunavut (red). | image_size = | locator_map = | native_name =Sanikiluaq | native_name_link = Inuit languages | nickname = | location = Hudson Bay | coordinates = {{coord|56|20|N|79|30|W|region:CA-NU_type:isle_scale:1000000|display=inline,title|name=Belcher Islands}} | archipelago = Belcher Islands Archipelago | total_islands = 1,500 | major_islands = Flaherty Island, Kugong Island, Tukarak Island, Innetalling Island | area_km2 = 2896 | highest_mount = | elevation_m = | country = Canada | country_admin_divisions_title = Territory | country_admin_divisions = Nunavut | country_admin_divisions_title_1 = Region | country_admin_divisions_1 = Qikiqtaaluk | country_admin_divisions_title_2 = | country_admin_divisions_2 = | country_capital_city = | country_largest_city = | country_largest_city_population = | country_leader_title = | country_leader_name = | population = 882 | population_as_of = 2011 | density_km2 = 4.0 | ethnic_groups = Inuit | additional_info = }} The Belcher Islands (Inuit: Sanikiluaq)[1] are an archipelago in the southeast part of Hudson Bay. The Belcher Islands are spread out over almost {{convert|3000|km2|-1}}. Administratively, they belong to the Qikiqtaaluk Region of the territory of Nunavut, Canada. The hamlet of Sanikiluaq (where the majority of the archipelago's inhabitants live) is on the north coast of Flaherty Island and is the southernmost in Nunavut. Along with Flaherty Island, the other large islands are Kugong Island, Tukarak Island, and Innetalling Island.[2] Other main islands in the 1,500–island archipelago are Moore Island, Wiegand Island, Split Island, Snape Island and Mavor Island, while island groups include the Sleeper Islands, King George Islands, and Bakers Dozen Islands.[3] HistoryBefore 1914, English-speaking cartographers knew very little about the Belcher Islands, which they showed on maps as specks, much smaller than their true extent. In that year a map showing them, drawn by George Weetaltuk,[4] came into the hands of Robert Flaherty, and cartographers began to represent them more accurately.[5] The islands are named for Royal Navy Admiral Sir Edward Belcher (1799-1877). In 1941, a religious movement led by Charley Ouyerack, Peter Sala and his sister Mina, caused the death by blows or exposure of nine persons.[6][7] GeologyThe geologic units of the Belcher Islands are Proterozoic. The exposed clastic sedimentary rocks, as well as volcanic and carbonate units record rifting and subsidence of the Superior craton during this period. There are two main volcanic sequences on the Belcher Islands called the Eskimo and overlying Flaherty volcanics. These volcanics form part of the Circum-Superior Belt. FloraSeveral species of willow (Salix) form a large component of the native small shrubbery on the archipelago. These include rock willow (Salix vestita), bog willow (S. pedicellaris), and Labrador willow (S. argyrocarpa), as well as naturally occurring hybrids between S. arctica and S. glauca.[8] Other than in valley regions, trees cannot grow on the islands because of a lack of adequate soil.[9] FaunaThe main wildlife consists of belugas, walrus, caribou, common eiders and snowy owls all of which can be seen on the island year round. There is also a wide variety of fish that can be caught such as Arctic char, cod, capelin, lump fish, and sculpin.[10] The historical relationship between the Sanikiluaq community and the eider is the subject of a feature length Canadian documentary film called People of a Feather. The director, cinematographer and biologist Joel Heath spent seven years on the project, writing biological articles on the eider.[11][12] In 1998 the Belcher Island caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) herd numbered 800.[13] References1. ^Issenman, Betty. Sinews of Survival: The living legacy of Inuit clothing. UBC Press, 1997. pp252-254 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://pollux.nss.nima.mil/NAV_PUBS/SD/Pub146/146sec15.pdf|title=Section 15, Chart Information|publisher=pollux.nss.nima.mil|pages=322|accessdate=2009-08-04|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041119041011/http://pollux.nss.nima.mil/NAV_PUBS/SD/Pub146/146sec15.pdf|archivedate=2004-11-19|df=}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Johnson|first=Martha|title=Lore: Capturing Traditional Environmental Knowledge|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Oeuiv0DyFQcC&pg=PA71|accessdate=17 November 2012|date=1 June 1998|publisher=DIANE Publishing|isbn=978-0-7881-7046-1|pages=71–}} 4. ^George Weetaltuk (ca. 1862-1956) 5. ^{{cite book|last=Harvey|first=P.D.A.|title=The History of Topographical Maps|date=1980|publisher=Thames and Hudson|isbn=0-500-24105 8|pages=34–35}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.adn.com/alaska-life/we-alaskans/2017/03/26/at-the-end-of-the-world-tells-a-shocking-tale-of-murder-in-the-arctic/|title='At the End of the World' tells a shocking tale of murder in the Arctic|last=|first=|date=March 26, 2017|website=Anchorage Daily News|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-12-03}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://jmortonmusings.blogspot.com/2014/03/when-god-and-satan-battled-in-barren.html|title=Morton's Musings: When 'God' and 'Satan' battled in a barren land; the Belcher Islands Murders|last=Morton|first=James C.|date=2014-03-30|website=Morton's Musings|access-date=2017-12-03}} 8. ^{{ cite book |title=Flora of North America |volume=7 |pages=64, 80, 83, 115 |year=2010 |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I_KRof-0pX4C&pg=PA83&lpg=PA83&dq=flora+belcher+islands&source=bl&ots=3Wf2qDr9_z&sig=Y3zxgVr0qQbW5v5fssKKKsEiIDs&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwia_YeT9Y_WAhXl5oMKHcplCvEQ6AEINjAD#v=onepage&q=flora%20belcher%20islands&f=false |accessdate=6 September 2017}} 9. ^Belcher Islands 10. ^Belcher Island Kayak Tour 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1929346/|title=People of a Feather (2011)|publisher=IMDBaccessdate=8 February 2012}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.peopleofafeather.com/|title=People of a Feather|accessdate=8 February 2012}} 13. ^{{citation|last1=Mallory|first1=F.F.|first2=T.L.|last2=Hillis|year=1998|title=Demographic characteristics of circumpolar caribou populations: ecotypes, ecological constraints/releases, and population dynamics|journal=Rangifer|issue=Special Issue 10|pages=9–60|url=http://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/rangifer/article/viewFile/1541/1447|accessdate=18 December 2013}} Further reading{{refbegin}}
External links
8 : Belcher Islands|Islands of Hudson Bay|Volcanism of Nunavut|Archipelagoes of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago|Islands of Qikiqtaaluk Region|Hudson's Bay Company trading posts in Nunavut|Former populated places in the Qikiqtaaluk Region|Islands of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago |
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