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词条 Jimmy Morales
释义

  1. Early and personal life

  2. Political career

     Mayoral candidacy  Presidential campaign  Presidency 

  3. Controversies

     Arrest of relatives  CICIG and illegal donations  Responsibility bonus  Expenses  Sexual abuse accusations   Belize movilization  

  4. Honours

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. External links

{{other people}}{{Spanish name|Morales|Cabrera}}{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Jimmy Morales
|image = Reunión OPIC (cropped).jpg
|order = 35th
|office = President of Guatemala
|vicepresident = Jafeth Cabrera
|term_start = 14 January 2016
|term_end =
|predecessor = Alejandro Maldonado
|successor =
|office2 = 2th Secretary-General of the National Convergence Front
|deputy2 = Édgar Ovalle Maldonado
|term_start2 = 10 March 2013
|term_end2 = 11 January 2016
|predecessor2 = José Luis Quilo
|successor2 = Édgar Ovalle Maldonado {{small|(acting)}}
|birth_name = James Ernesto Morales Cabrera
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1969|3|18|df=y}}
|birth_place = Guatemala City, Guatemala
|death_date =
|death_place =
|party = National Convergence Front
|spouse = {{marriage|Patricia Marroquín|1989}}
|children = 4
|alma_mater = University of San Carlos of Guatemala
|website = {{url|jimmymorales.gt|Official website}}{{dead link|date=December 2017}}
}}

James Ernesto Morales Cabrera ({{IPA-es|ɟʝeims eɾ'nesto mo'ɾales ka'bɾeɾa|local}}; born 18 March 1969) is the 50th and current president of Guatemala. He is a former comic actor who won the 2015 Guatemalan presidential election.

Early and personal life

Morales was born in Guatemala City, to José Everardo Morales Orellana and Celita Ernestina Cabrera Acevedo.[1] He comes from a circus family, and is an Evangelical Christian.[1][2] His father was killed in a car accident when he was three years old, prompting him, his mother and three siblings to move to his grandparents' home, where he grew up.[3] By the time he was 10 years old, he and his brother Sammy accompanied their grandfather to sell bananas and used clothing at the market in Santa Lucia.[4][5]

He holds degrees in Business Administration from the national Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, and in Theology.[2] Morales also holds a Master's degree in Strategic Studies with specialization in Security and Defense from Mariano Gálvez University, and a Ph.D. in Strategic Studies from Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala.[6]

Morales rose to fame as a TV comedian, starring in the series Moralejas ("Morals") alongside his brother Sammy.[9] He formally changed his name from James Ernesto Morales Cabrera to Jimmy Morales by deed poll in 2011.[7]

Morales has been married for three decades to Hilda Patricia Marroquín, and has three children.[11][8]

Political career

Mayoral candidacy

In 2011, he ran as mayoral candidate in Mixco in the Guatemala City suburbs for the small right-wing Action for National Development party. He came in third.[9][10]

Presidential campaign

In 2013, Morales joined the small National Convergence Front (FCN/Nation), and became its Secretary-General.

In 2015, Morales was nominated as the FCN's presidential candidate. His priorities were fighting corruption, and dealing with chronic malnutrition, low education levels, and insecurity.[5] His slogan was "Neither corrupt, nor a thief" (Ni corrupto, ni ladrón).[1][2] He ran on a platform of conservative values, and against corruption.[2] He identifies as a nationalist, supports the death penalty, opposes abortion and legalized drugs, and denies that a genocide against the Ixil Maya took place.[11][12][13]

He was initially considered an outsider, but surprisingly led the field in the first round of the election, qualifying for a runoff alongside former First Lady Sandra Torres.[1] Morales' success came after both former vice president Roxana Baldetti and outgoing president Otto Pérez Molina had to step down, and were arrested on fraud and corruption charges (the La Línea corruption case).[1]

Presidency

In the runoff, Morales defeated Torres in a landslide, taking 67.4 percent of the vote.[14] Morales' success was viewed as a sign of the distrust of many Guatemalans towards the traditional political elite that ruled the country for decades. Voter anger and military support helped him win the presidency against more experienced politicians who voters felt were tainted by a corrupt political system.[1][2]

On December 24, 2017, Morales announced that he planned to move the Guatemalan embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. He became the second national leader to announce a decision to make such a move, after U.S. President Donald Trump made a similar announcement on December 6.[15]

On June 18, 2018, the Morales government was widely criticized for its slow action in favor of Guatemalans affected by the American policy of separating immigrant families; this caused the dismissal of the presidential spokesman Heinz Heimann who a day before his removal from office said that the government respected the policy of President Trump.[16]

Controversies

Arrest of relatives

In January 2017, Morales' older brother and close adviser Samuel "Sammy" Morales, as well as one of Morales' sons, José Manuel Morales, were arrested on corruption and money laundering charges.[17][18] According to media reports, the arrests prompted several large protests of up to 15,000 people demanding for President Morales' removal. The most recent took place in September 2017. Morales, whose campaign slogan was, "neither corrupt, nor a crook", refused to step down.[19][20][21][22]

CICIG and illegal donations

In August 2017, Morales ordered the expulsion of Colombian Iván Velásquez, commissioner of the International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala (CICIG), after it began "investigating claims that his party took illegal donations, including from drug-traffickers" and asked "congress to strip him of immunity from prosecution."[23][24] The Constitutional Court of Guatemala blocked the move.[24] Minister of foreign affairs Carlos Raul Morales had refused to sign the executive order, and was removed from office along with viceminister Carlos Ramiro Martínez, and viceminister Anamaría Diéguez resigned.[25][26][27] Velásquez confirmed he will continue as CICIG commissioner following the Constitutional Court decision to block his expulsion.[24] In September 2017, the Congress of Guatemala refused to strip Morales of his immunity, rejecting commissioner Velásquez's suggestion.[28]

Responsibility bonus

In September 2017, it was revealed that the Ministry of Defense, headed by Williams Mansilla, had been paying President Morales a $7,300 per month bonus since December 2016, in addition to his regular salary.[29] The payments from the defense ministry were referred to as a "Bonus for Extraordinary Responsibility."[29] Mansilla resigned from office soon after the payments were revealed to the public.[29] He was later arrested and charged with corruption in January 2018, relating to the special bonus to Morales.[29] President Morales denied the bonuses were illegal, but did return approximately $60,000 to the government.[29]

Expenses

The acquisition by the government of services and luxury items for the president using public monies caused controversy, although he indicated not being personally involved in those expenses.[30]

Sexual abuse accusations

A former cabinet minister accused Jimmy Morales of having sexually abused young female public workers with complicity of other government officials.[31]

Belize movilization

Guatemalan Defense Minister Williams Mansilla confirmed on 22 April 2016 the deployment of 3,000 soldiers to the Guatemalan border with Belize, after a shooting incident on Belize territory with army weapons resulted in the death of a 13-year-old boy and the wounding of his 11-year-old brother, as well as their 48-year-old father.[32]

Honours

  • {{flagicon|Taiwan}} Order of Brilliant Jade, Grand Cordon, awarded by President of the Republic of China Tsai Ing-wen on 11 January 2017.
  • {{flagicon|Israel}} Honorary doctorate, awarded by Hebrew University of Jerusalem, in November 2016.

See also

  • Evangelical Christian politics in Latin America

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/tv-comedian-former-businessman-lead-guatemalan-election-1441597400 |title=Comedian Jimmy Morales Leads Guatemalan Election |author=Juan Montes |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |date=7 September 2015}}
2. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite news |author=José Elías |title=Jimmy Morales, el candidato sorpresa |newspaper=El País |date=7 September 2015 |url=http://internacional.elpais.com/internacional/2015/09/07/actualidad/1441605730_868386.html}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/guatemala/12100871/Jimmy-Morales-Guatemalas-clown-who-went-on-to-become-president.html|publisher=The Telegraph|date=15 January 2016|author=Lemos, Eirini|title=Jimmy Morales: Guatemala's clown who went on to become president}}
4. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/guatemala/12100871/Jimmy-Morales-Guatemalas-clown-who-went-on-to-become-president.html "Jimmy Morales: Guatemala's clown who went on to become president,"] Telegraph.
5. ^1 [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/09/19/jimmy-morales-used-to-do-black-face-comedy-hes-now-poised-to-be-guatemalas-president/ "Jimmy Morales used to do blackface comedy. He’s now poised to be Guatemala’s president,"] The Washington Post.
6. ^1 {{cite web|language=Spanish|title=Jimmy Morales está de cumpleaños. ¿Qué le regalaría?|url=http://www.prensalibre.com/guatemala/politica/jimmy-morales-esta-de-cumpleaos-que-le-regalaria|publisher=Pensa Libre|date=18 March 2016|author=Contreras, Geovanni}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://issuu.com/lahoragt/docs/edimpresa_viernes_1_abril_2011/14|title=ISSUU – Edicion Impresa – Viernes 1 Abril 2011 by La Hora|author=La Hora|work=Issuu|accessdate=26 October 2015}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/comedian-takes-office-as-guatemalas-new-president--93891|title=Comedian takes office as Guatemala's new president|website=Hürriyet Daily News|accessdate=8 March 2018}}
9. ^1 {{Cite news |url=http://www.prensalibre.com/guatemala/decision-libre-2015/jimmy-morales-el-comediante-que-quiere-ser-un-presidente-serio |author=Henry Morales |title=Jimmy Morales, el comediante que quiere ser un presidente serio |newspaper=Prensa Libre |date=4 September 2015}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.macleans.ca/news/world/have-a-laugh-at-guatemalas-new-president/|title=Have a laugh at Guatemala's new president - Macleans.ca|date=29 October 2015|publisher=|accessdate=8 March 2018}}
11. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.plenglish.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4121731&Itemid=1 |title=Jimmy Morales, Comedian Candidate to Guatemalan Presidency |work=Prensa Latina English |date=2 September 2015}}
12. ^[https://www.vox.com/2015/10/26/9616984/guatemala-election-jimmy-morales "Guatemala just elected a comedian with zero political experience to be president",] Vox.
13. ^1 {{Cite news |url=http://www.ticotimes.net/2015/06/10/in-guatemala-anti-establishment-presidential-candidate-benefits-from-corruption-scandals |author=Louisa Reynolds |title=In Guatemala, anti-establishment presidential candidate benefits from corruption scandals |newspaper=The Tico Times |date=10 June 2015}}
14. ^Official results
15. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/12/24/middleeast/guatemala-jerusalem/index.html|title=Guatemala to move embassy to Jerusalem, president says|author=Clara Lopez and Joe Sterling|work=CNN|access-date=2017-12-25}}
16. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.prensalibre.com/guatemala/migrantes/gobierno-se-pronuncia-por-separacion-de-nios-migrantes-en-la-frontera-de-eeuu|title=Después de presiones y críticas, el Gobierno rechaza la separación de familias migrantes|language=Spanish|author=William Oliva|work=Prensa Libre|access-date=2018-06-08}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-guatemala-corruption-idUSKBN1522NS|title=Guatemala president's brother, son held on suspicion of fraud|date=19 January 2017|publisher=|accessdate=27 August 2017|via=Reuters}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prensalibre.com/guatemala/justicia/sala-niega-beneficio-a-sammy-morales|title=Samuel Morales irá a juicio por lavado de dinero|publisher=|accessdate=27 August 2017}}
19. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/15/world/americas/guatemala-corruption-morales.html "Protests Erupt in Guatemala Over Laws to Dilute Antigraft Campaign" - The New York Times]
20. ^[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/27/guatemalan-president-jimmy-morales-order-expel-head-un-body-suspended "Crisis flares in Guatemala over corruption and organised crime" | The Guardian]
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-guatemala-corruption/thousands-of-protesters-in-guatemala-demand-presidents-resignation-idUSKBN16E2PW|title=Thousands of protesters in Guatemala demand president's resignation|date=7 March 2017|publisher=|accessdate=8 March 2018|via=Reuters}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=https://sg.news.yahoo.com/anti-president-protests-during-guatemala-independence-day-193043959.html|title=Anti-president protests during Guatemala independence day|publisher=|accessdate=8 March 2018}}
23. ^{{cite news|title=Jimmy Morales’s war on Guatemala’s graft-busters|url=https://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21727900-president-trying-thwart-un-backed-anti-corruption-agency-it-deserves-stout|work=The Economist|date=31 Aug 2017}}
24. ^1 2 [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2017/09/06/guatemalas-president-tried-to-shut-down-a-u-n-commission-that-announced-it-was-investigating-him/ "Guatemala’s president tried to expel the U.N. commissioner who announced he was under investigation" - The Washington Post]
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.elespectador.com/noticias/el-mundo/el-presidente-de-guatemala-destituye-su-canciller-y-al-vicecanciller-articulo-710121|title=El presidente de Guatemala destituye a su canciller y al vicecanciller - ELESPECTADOR.COM|date=27 August 2017|publisher=|accessdate=8 March 2018}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.co/mundo/guatemala-ordena-expulsar-al-colombiano-ivan-velasquez-jefe-anticorrupcion-260815|title=Guatemala ordena expulsar al colombiano Iván Velásquez, jefe anticorrupción|date=27 August 2017|publisher=|accessdate=8 March 2018}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.soy502.com/articulo/jimmy-morales-declara-5313|title=Jimmy ratifica decisión de nombrar non grato a Iván Velásquez|publisher=|accessdate=8 March 2018}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dw.com/en/guatemala-parliament-votes-to-keep-immunity-for-president-jimmy-morales/a-40457825|title=Guatemala parliament votes to keep immunity for President Jimmy Morales - News - DW - 12.09.2017|first=Deutsche Welle|last=(www.dw.com)|website=DW.COM|accessdate=8 March 2018}}
29. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|first=|last=|title=Former Guatemala defense minister arrested on corruption charges |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-guatemala-corruption/former-guatemala-defense-minister-arrested-on-corruption-charges-idUSKBN1FF298 |work=Reuters News |publisher= |date=2018-01-26 |accessdate=2018-01-28}}
30. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-42798049|title=Ropa, lentes de sol y masajes: la polémica lista de artículos personales de lujo que el presidente de Guatemala, Jimmy Morales, rechaza pagar de su sueldo|last=|first=|date=24 Jan 2018|work=BBC|access-date=27 Sep 2018}}
31. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.prensalibre.com/guatemala/politica/Jimmy-Morales-denuncia-abuso-sexual-mujeres|title=Víctimas de abusos cometidos por Jimmy Morales podrían ser 10, denuncia excanciller|last=Orozco|first=Andrea|date=4 July 2018|work=Prensa Libre|access-date=27 Sep 2018}}
32. ^"Guatemala despliega 3.000 soldados en la frontera con Belice", El País, 22 Abril 2016 (accessed 22 April 2016)

External links

{{Commons category|Jimmy Morales}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20151021034931/http://www.jimmymorales.gt/ Personal website]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20151101172546/http://www.jimmymoralesforpresident.com/ Presidential campaign website]
  • {{IMDb name|2421193}}
  • Biography by CIDOB (in Spanish)
{{s-start}}{{s-off}}{{s-bef|before=Alejandro Maldonado
{{small|Acting}}}}{{s-ttl|title=President of Guatemala|years=2016–present}}{{s-inc}}{{s-ppo}}{{s-bef|before=Ricardo Sagastume
{{small|2011, declined}}}}{{s-ttl|title=National Convergence Front nominee for
President of Guatemala|years=2015}}{{s-aft|after=Estuardo Galdámez}}{{s-bef|before=José Luis Quilo}}{{s-ttl|title=Secretary-General of the
National Convergence Front|years=2013–2016}}{{s-aft|after=Édgar Ovalle}}{{s-end}}{{GuatemalaPres}}{{Heads of State in Central America}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Morales, Jimmy}}

10 : 1969 births|Living people|People from Guatemala City|Actor-politicians|Guatemalan evangelicals|Guatemalan male comedians|Guatemalan male television actors|Presidents of Guatemala|Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala alumni|21st-century Guatemalan male actors
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