| 词条 | Joan C. Gratz |
| 释义 |
| name = Joan C. Gratz | birth_date = 1941 | birth_place = Burbank, California }}Joan Carol Gratz (born 1941 in Burbank, California) is an American artist, animator, and filmmaker who specializes in clay painting, and is best known for her 1992 Oscar-winning film Mona Lisa Descending a Staircase.[1] Early life and educationJoan Carol Gratz was born in 1941 in Burbank, California. She was the daughter of an electrical engineer and an English teacher. From a young age she had an interest in art and pursued a degree in painting. However, with the belief that painting was not a respectable career choice, she obtained a degree in professional architecture at the University of California, Los Angeles. Before graduating in 1969, Gratz began to experiment with the possibilities of animation and started to explore the idea of "making paintings breathe" with a technique she explained as "clay painting". After graduating, she moved to Oregon, making a living by creating puppets and poster graphics.[1] CareerIn 1976, Gratz was asked to work for Will Vinton in the new up and coming Will Vinton Studios,[1] and began working in the film industry during the production of Rip Van Winkle (1978).[2] During her time at Vinton Studios, Gratz worked on many films as an animator, but in 1987 she decided to work as a freelance animator and filmmaker due to issues involved with collaborative film projects, and not receiving the proper credit for her work.[1] Once a freelance animator and filmmaker, Gratz continued to be represented by Vinton Studio,[1] and her success led her to receive commissions for commercials from large companies such as Coca-Cola.[3] In 1990, Gratz animated a commercial for United Airlines entitled Natural, which consisted of her clay painting technique.[2] After eight years of planning and researching, and two years of working through the creation and animation process, Gratz completed her film Mona Lisa Descending a Staircase in 1992.[4] The title of this seven minute long film[5] combines the titles of Leonardo DaVinci's famous painting, the Mona Lisa (1503), and Marcel Duchamp's iconic modernist piece, Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 (1919).[6] [4] Consisting of fifty-five[4] twentieth-century paintings, Gratz uses her clay painting technique to present her audience with the history and evolution of modern art,[7] beginning with Impressionism, and continuing until the Pop Art movement and Hyperrealism[4] through metamorphic transitions between each work of art.[1] The sound and music for the film were provided by composer Jamie Haggerty and Chel White.[4] It won the 1992 Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film,[4] and won many other awards at various film festivals around the world.[3]In 1993, Gratz co-directed and animated Pro and Con with Joanne Priestly.[1] Using mixed media including writing and calligraphy, and creating through black clay on white backgrounds, Pro and Con illustrates a docudrama about prison life seen through the eyes of a prisoner and a corrections officer.[1] AccoladesAt the Academy Awards, Mona Lisa Descending a Staircase (1992) won an Oscar for the Best Animated Short Film in 1993.[8][9][3] FilmographyDirector and producer
As animator
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{Cite book|title=Woman and Animation|last=Pilling|first=Jayne|publisher=British Film Institute|year=1992|isbn=0-85170-377-1|location=London|pages=123}} 2. ^1 {{Cite book|title=Clay Animation|last=Frierson|first=Michael|publisher=Twayne Publishers|year=1994|isbn=|location=New York|pages=26}} 3. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=https://www.opb.org/television/programs/artbeat/segment/portland-animator-joan-gratz-clay-painting-mona-lisa-descending-staircase/|title=Animator Joan Gratz Embraces Technology To Create Her Newest Films|last=Sarson|first=Katrina|date=April 27, 2017|website=Oregon Public Broadcasting|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=January 30, 2018}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite web|url=http://www.openculture.com/2017/05/trip-through-the-history-of-modern-art-with-the-oscar-winning-animation-mona-lisa-descending-a-staircase.html.|title=Take a Trip Through the History of Modern Art with the Oscar-winning Animation Mona Lisa Descending a Staircase|last=Halliday|first=Ayun|date=May 27, 2017|website=Open Culture|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=January 30, 2018}} 5. ^{{Cite book|title=Clay Animation|last=Frierson|first=Michael|publisher=Twayne Publishers|year=1994|isbn=|location=New York|pages=27}} 6. ^[https://archive.org/details/1993MonaLisaDescendingAStaircase 1993 Mona Lisa Descending A Staircase: Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming: Internet Archive] 7. ^{{Cite book|title=Clay Animation|last=Frierson|first=Michael|publisher=Twayne Publishing|year=1994|isbn=|location=New York|pages=29}} 8. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tasdv0dZgH0 Joan Gratz wins Oscar by ClaymationKid-YouTube] 9. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MiWMjGrdZOk Short Film Winners: 1993 Oscars-YouTube] 10. ^Joan C. Gratz-Lines and Colors 11. ^[https://archive.org/details/creation_201705 The Creation on Internet Archive] External links
10 : American animators|American women film directors|American women film producers|People from Burbank, California|University of California, Los Angeles alumni|Living people|Directors of Best Animated Short Academy Award winners|1941 births|Film directors from California|Film producers from California |
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