| 词条 | Johann Jacob Friedrich Krebs |
| 释义 |
Johann Jacob Friedrich Krebs, commonly known as Friedrich Krebs (c.1749 - 1815) was an American fraktur artist. He was the most prolific of the Pennsylvania German fraktur artists. Born in Zierenberg, Hesse, Krebs was one of the Hessians who fought under the British crown during the American Revolutionary War. It has been reported that he returned to Germany, but this is uncertain, and it seems more likely that he remained in the United States at the conclusion of the war. In 1787 he established a business purchasing pre-printed baptismal records which he would then further embellish for sale; eventually he had forms of his own printed, many in Reading, Pennsylvania. He painted many handmade examples as well. The majority of his work consists of baptismal certificates, but he produced many other pieces as well. These include drawings of various sacred and secular subjects; broadsides of Adam and Eve, used as marriage certificates; mazes; a clock face; and handboxes. During his career he was also active as a Lutheran schoolmaster in the vicinity of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. He died in Dauphin County, in Swatara Township, leaving behind hundreds of blank forms for his executors to sell, as well as others that he had himself decorated.[1] Examples of frakturs by or attributed to Krebs may be found in the collections of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston;[2][3][4][5] the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston;[6][7] the Philadelphia Museum of Art;[8] the Winterthur Museum;[9] the Library of Congress;[10] and the Phillips Museum of Art at Franklin and Marshall College.[11] References1. ^{{cite book|author=Gerard C. Wertkin|title=Encyclopedia of American Folk Art|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iXecfgS0CY8C|date=2 August 2004|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-95614-1}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Krebs, Johann Jacob Friedrich}}{{US-painter-stub}}{{authority control}}2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfa.org/collections/object/story-of-the-prodigal-son-two-scenes-173593|title=Story of the Prodigal Son: Two scenes|date=May 6, 2018|website=Museum of Fine Arts, Boston|accessdate=Apr 4, 2019}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfa.org/collections/object/catharina-157793|title=Catharina|date=May 6, 2018|website=Museum of Fine Arts, Boston|accessdate=Apr 4, 2019}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfa.org/collections/object/meine-hosen-machen-mir-viel-verdrusz-173704|title="Meine Hosen machen mir viel Verdrusz"|date=May 30, 2018|website=Museum of Fine Arts, Boston|accessdate=Apr 4, 2019}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfa.org/collections/object/k%C3%B6nig-von-preussen-157777|title=König von Preussen|date=Nov 22, 2018|website=Museum of Fine Arts, Boston|accessdate=Apr 4, 2019}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfah.org/art/detail/9229?returnUrl=/art/search?q=Friedrich+Krebs|title=Birth and Baptismal Certificate | The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston|website=www.mfah.org|accessdate=Apr 4, 2019}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfah.org/art/detail/36604?returnUrl=/art/search?q=Friedrich+Krebs|title=Birth and Baptismal Certificate | The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston|website=www.mfah.org|accessdate=Apr 4, 2019}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.philamuseum.org/collections/results.html?searchTxt=%22friedrich+krebs%22&keySearch=+Search+&searchNameID=&searchClassID=&searchOrigin=&searchDeptID=&accessionID=&page=1|title=Philadelphia Museum of Art - Collections : Search Collections|website=www.philamuseum.org|accessdate=Apr 4, 2019}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.chestercounty.com/2014/01/21/30027/winterthur-acquires-collection-of-pennsylvania-german-arts|title=Winterthur acquires collection of Pennsylvania German arts | Chester County Press|website=www.chestercounty.com|accessdate=Apr 4, 2019}} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/91706456/|title=Pennsylvania German fraktur, broadsides, and related drawings|website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA|accessdate=Apr 7, 2019}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://ehive.com/collections/4405/objects/289643/taufschein-for-abraham-kramer|title=Taufschein for Abraham Kramer; Attributed Friedrich Krebs (German-American, 1749... on eHive|website=eHive|accessdate=Apr 4, 2019}} 10 : 1749 births|1815 deaths|American male painters|18th-century American painters|19th-century American painters|Fraktur artists|People from Kassel (district)|German emigrants to the United States|Painters from Pennsylvania|Hessian military personnel of the American Revolutionary War |
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