“John Clayton Taylor”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

John Clayton Taylor {{post-nominals|size=100%|country=GBR|FRS}} (born 4 August 1930) is a British mathematical physicist. He is an Emeritus Professor of Mathematical Physics at the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of the University of Cambridge and an Emeritus Fellow of Robinson College.^[3]^[4] He is the father of mathematician Richard Taylor.

Education

Taylor earned his PhD from the University of Cambridge in 1956, under the supervision of Richard J. Eden and Abdus Salam. His thesis was entitled Renormalisation and related topics in quantum field theory.^[2]^[5]

Research

Taylor has made contributions to the quantum field theory and the physics of elementary particles. His early works include: the discovery (also made independently by Lev Landau) of singularities in the analytical structure of the Feynman integrals for processes in quantum field theory; and the discovery in 1971 of the so-called Slavnov–Taylor identities, which control symmetry and renormalisation of gauge theories.

With various collaborators, in 1980 he discovered that real and virtual infrared divergences do not cancel in QCD as they do in QED. They also showed how these infrared divergences exponentiate. In addition, they contributed to the resummation programme in thermal QCD, simplifying the "hard" part of the effective action. Later, they studied complications arising from the non-polynomial nature of the QCD Hamiltonian in the (unitary) Coulomb gauge.^[9]

Books

Awards and honours

Taylor was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1981.^[6] His certificate of election reads: {{centred pull quote|Distinguished for his contributions to the Quantum Theory of Fields and the Physics of Elementary Particles. His important works concern (a) the discovery (also made independently by L.D. Landau) of singularities in the analytical structure of the Feynman integrals for processes in Quantum Field Theory, and (b) the discovery of the so-called Taylor-Slavnov identities in Gauge Theories. He has made significant contributions to Quantum Chromodynamics where his use of the axial gauge has made possible recent advances in "perturbative Q.C.D.". He has also contributed to weak interaction theory, over a long period, and most recently to the elucidation of the gauge structure of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction.^[7]}}

References

1. ^¹{{Who's Who | surname = TAYLOR | othernames = John Clayton | id = U37123 | volume = 2016 | edition = online Oxford University Press|location=Oxford}} {{subscription required}}
2. ^¹{{mathgenealogy|id=36484|name=John Taylor}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.robinson.cam.ac.uk/people/prof-john-c-taylor |title=Prof John C Taylor |accessdate=2016-03-22 }}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/people/j.c.taylor/ |title=Professor J.C. Taylor |accessdate=2016-03-22 }}
5. ^¹British Library EthOS. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
6. ^¹{{cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/john-taylor-12393 |title=John Taylor |publisher=Royal Society |location=London }} One or more of the preceding sentences may incorporate text from the royalsociety.org website where "all text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License." {{cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/about-us/terms-conditions-policies/ |title=Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies |accessdate=2016-03-09 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160220093712/https://royalsociety.org/about-us/terms-conditions-policies/ |archivedate=2016-02-20 |df= }}
7. ^{{cite web |url=https://collections.royalsociety.org/DServe.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28RefNo%3D%27EC%2F1981%2F39%27%29 |title = EC/1981/39: Taylor, John Clayton|publisher=The Royal Society|accessdate=2016-03-22}}