“John Douglas Patrick”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

John Douglas Patrick (August 17, 1863 – January 19, 1937) was an American painter.

Born in Hopewell, Pennsylvania, Patrick was the son of Scottish immigrants,^[1] and moved with his family to a farm outside of Lenexa, Kansas in 1878. He began his artistic studies at the St. Louis School of Art before leaving in 1885; he traveled to Paris, where he enrolled in the Académie Julian. During this time he was accepted at the Paris Salon, showing work there in 1886 and again in 1887. In 1888 he painted Brutality, depicting a workman beating his horse, a common sight in Parisian streets at the time; the painting was shown at the Salon of 1888, and is widely considered his masterpiece.^[2] It is currently owned by the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art.^[3] Patrick also exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in 1889, where Brutality won a medal,^[2] making Patrick among the first Americans so awarded by the French artistic community;^[4] some sources denote him as the first American from west of the Mississippi River to be so honored.^[5] He returned home to the United States, teaching at the St. Louis School of Art for three years. In 1903 he moved to Kansas City, Missouri, where he took a position at the Kansas City Art Institute. He would remain with that institution for 32 years, rising to become the primary instructor of painting and occupying a prominent role in the local artistic community early in the 20th century. He showed work at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in 1904.^[2] In addition to teaching, he was active as a portraitist for much of his career.^[5] Patrick died in Kansas City,^[2] and is buried in the Corinth Cemetery in Prairie Village, Kansas, in the family plot.^[6]

In addition to Brutality, the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art owns several drawings by Patrick; all were donated to the collection by the families of his daughters, Grayce Patrick Wray and Hazel Patrick Rickenbacher, to recognize the museum's 75th anniversary in 2009.^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11] The Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum owns a portrait of Wayman Crow, Sr., painted in 1890.^[12] Another work is in the Johnson County Historical Museum in Johnson County, Kansas^[13] while the Kansas City Art Institute owns a self-portrait.^[14] Other paintings remain in private hands.^[15]

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.askart.com/artist/John_Douglas_JD_Patrick/16881/John_Douglas_JD_Patrick.aspx|title=John Patrick – Artist, Fine Art Prices, Auction Records for John Patrick|website=www.askart.com|accessdate=8 January 2018}}
2. ^¹²³{{Cite web|url=https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/bitstream/handle/1808/1028/BDKAversion2.pdf;sequence=4|title=Biographical Dictionary of Kansas Artists (active before 1945)|accessdate=Feb 24, 2019}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://art.nelson-atkins.org/objects/29/brutality;jsessionid=20575B05AB9DFB16DC698FF7890F9F66|title=Brutality|publisher=|accessdate=8 January 2018}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.artfixdaily.com/artwire/release/4347-dozens-of-artworks-by-french-trained-american-artist-john-douglas|title=Dozens of artworks by French-trained American artist John Douglas Patrick (1863–1937) will be sold online, Jan. 15th|website=ArtfixDaily|accessdate=8 January 2018}}
5. ^¹{{cite web|url=https://jocohistory.wordpress.com/2014/02/11/john-douglas-patrick-johnson-county-artist/|title=John Douglas Patrick, Johnson County Artist|date=11 February 2014|publisher=|accessdate=8 January 2018}}
6. ^{{findagrave|157868297|John Douglas Patrick}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://art.nelson-atkins.org/objects/12693/black-man-frontal?ctx=e4a0d3e5-f808-48dd-b438-e8a648746bf6&idx=0|title=Black Man, Frontal – Works – The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art|website=art.nelson-atkins.org|accessdate=8 January 2018}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://art.nelson-atkins.org/objects/13784/bustlength-woman-in-profile-with-arms-in-front-and-one-fing?ctx=e4a0d3e5-f808-48dd-b438-e8a648746bf6&idx=2|title=Bust-length Woman in Profile with Arms in Front and One Finger on Cheek – Works – The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art|website=art.nelson-atkins.org|accessdate=8 January 2018}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://art.nelson-atkins.org/objects/31149/halflength-nude-male-from-behind-with-hands-on-head?ctx=e4a0d3e5-f808-48dd-b438-e8a648746bf6&idx=3|title=Half-length Nude Male from Behind, with Hands on Head – Works – The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art|website=art.nelson-atkins.org|accessdate=8 January 2018}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://art.nelson-atkins.org/objects/10092/older-black-woman-frontal?ctx=e4a0d3e5-f808-48dd-b438-e8a648746bf6&idx=4|title=Older Black Woman, Frontal – Works – The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art|website=art.nelson-atkins.org|accessdate=8 January 2018}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://art.nelson-atkins.org/objects/18458/standing-nude-male-in-profile?ctx=e4a0d3e5-f808-48dd-b438-e8a648746bf6&idx=5|title=Standing Nude Male in Profile – Works – The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art|website=art.nelson-atkins.org|accessdate=8 January 2018}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://kemperartmuseum.wustl.edu/collection/explore/artwork/1084|title=Artwork Detail – Kemper Art Museum|website=kemperartmuseum.wustl.edu|accessdate=8 January 2018}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=https://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=1Y1538Q80774B.6156&profile=ariall&source=~!siartinventories&view=subscriptionsummary&uri=full=3100001~!151629~!8&ri=1&aspect=Keyword&menu=search&ipp=20&spp=20&staffonly=&term=john+douglas+patrick&index=.AW&uindex=&aspect=Keyword&menu=search&ri=1|title=Mr. Hahn- a Blacksmith on the Santa Fe Trail|first=John Douglas|last=Patrick|date=8 January 2018|publisher=|accessdate=8 January 2018|via=siris-artinventories.si.edu Library Catalog}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=https://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=1Y1538Q80774B.6156&profile=ariall&source=~!siartinventories&view=subscriptionsummary&uri=full=3100001~!150726~!0&ri=3&aspect=Keyword&menu=search&ipp=20&spp=20&staffonly=&term=john+douglas+patrick&index=.AW&uindex=&aspect=Keyword&menu=search&ri=3|title=John Douglas Patrick|first=John Douglas|last=Patrick|publisher=|accessdate=8 January 2018|via=siris-artinventories.si.edu Library Catalog}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=https://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=1Y1538Q80774B.6156&menu=search&aspect=Keyword&npp=50&ipp=20&spp=20&profile=ariall&ri=&term=&index=.GW&x=0&y=0&aspect=Keyword&term=john+douglas+patrick&index=.AW&term=&index=.TW&term=&index=.SW&term=&index=.FW&term=&index=.OW&term=&index=.NW|title=SIRIS – Smithsonian Institution Research Information System|website=siris-artinventories.si.edu|accessdate=8 January 2018}}