| 词条 | John Houston (doctor) |
| 释义 |
| name = John Houston | image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = John Houston | birth_date = 1802 | birth_place = Ireland | death_date = 30 July 1845 | death_place = Dublin, Ireland | death_cause = Cerebral haemorrhage | nationality = | citizenship = | education = | occupation = Surgeon | years_active = | known_for = Houston's valves | relations = | website = | profession = | field = | work_institutions = | specialism = | research_field = | notable_works = | prizes = | child = | module2 = | signature = }}John Houston (1802 – 30 July 1845) was an Irish doctor and anatomist.[1][2] Early lifeHouston was born in 1802 in what is now Northern Ireland. He was the eldest son of a Presbyterian minister but was adopted by his maternal uncle, Joseph Taylor, who was an army doctor. Taylor offered to fund Houston's education and on 13 January 1819 Houston moved to Dublin as apprentice to John Shekleton, a surgeon and curator at the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI). Houston completed his apprenticeship in 1824, passing his final examinations and receiving his letters testimonial. On 19 June 1826, he was elected a member of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland days after the sudden death of his mentor Shekleton. Houston graduated from Edinburgh with a Doctor of Medicine degree in 1826.[1][2] CareerHouston succeeded Shekleton as conservator (curator) at the RCSI museum. In 1830, Houston discovered the transverse folds of the rectum, eponymously known as Houston's valves.[1] In 1834, he published a catalogue of the Museum's normal specimens, followed by a catalogue of pathology specimens in 1840. In 1843, he published a catalogue of the museum specimens at the Park Street School of Medicine. In 1844, Houston published an illustrated scientific paper in the Dublin Medical Press entitled "On the Microscopic Pathology of Cancer (with a Woodcut)" and is credited with introducing the microscope to Irish medicine.[3][1] RCSI paid him £150 for his preparation of anatomical specimens. During his 17-year tenure as curator, Houston expanded and catalogued the RCSI museum's extensive specimen collection, described as "one of the most valuable in Europe" by renowned anatomists Friedrich Tiedemann and Jules Germain Cloquet.[4][5] Houston had a keen interest in teaching, working as an anatomy demonstrator at RCSI in 1824 and in 1837 taking a position as lecturer in surgery at the Park Street School of Medicine.[6][2] He was known for his punctuality and was popular among his students.[7] Houston was involved in the construction of the Baggot Street Hospital and was appointed as a surgeon there in 1832.[3] He was also appointed consultant surgeon at St. Peter's Dispensary, a corresponding member of the Institute of Washington, and a member of the Society of Naturalists and Physicians of Heidelberg. He held private practice on York Street near RCSI. Houston was a member of the Royal Irish Academy.[6] Selected papers
DeathHouston collapsed suddenly in April 1845 while lecturing at Baggot Street Hospital. He had suffered a cerebral haemorrhage and died 30 July 1845. An obituary appeared in the Dublin Quarterly Journal of Medical Science the following year.[1][2] References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://rcsiheritage.blogspot.ie/2016/07/houston-we-have-problem.html|title=Heritage Collections of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland: Houston, We Have a Problem!|publisher=}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Houston, John}}2. ^1 2 3 Creighton, Charles . "Houston, John (1802–1845)." Rev. Michael Bevan. In Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, edited by H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison. Oxford: OUP, 2004. Online ed., edited by David Cannadine, 2004. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/13874 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/b21476007|title=On the microscopic pathology of cancer, (with a woodcut) [electronic resource]|first1=John|last1=Houston|first2=|last2=University of Glasgow. Library|date=1 January 1844|publisher=Dublin : Medical Press Office|via=Internet Archive}} 4. ^http://rcsiheritage.blogspot.ie/2014/05/skeletons-specimens-and-shekleton.html 5. ^https://archive.org/stream/b21443348/b21443348_djvu.txt 6. ^1 The Dublin Quarterly Journal of Medical Science August 1846, Volume 2, Issue 1, p 294. 7. ^https://issuu.com/rcsidivercsity/docs/april_online 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/jstor-30078908|title=On the Structure and Mechanism of the Tongue of the Chameleon|first=John|last=Houston|date=1 January 1828|publisher=The Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy|via=Internet Archive}} 6 : 1802 births|19th-century Irish medical doctors|1845 deaths|Irish anatomists|Alumni of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland|Alumni of the University of Edinburgh |
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