| 词条 | John I. Gallin |
| 释义 |
| name = John I. Gallin | image = Dr_John_I_Gallin_NIH_2010.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Gallin at the NIH Clinical Center | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1943|03|25}} | birth_place = New York City, New York | death_date = | death_place = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = | fields = Infectious Diseases Inflammation/Immunology | workplaces = National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH Clinical Center | alma_mater = Amherst College, BA, cum laude (1965) Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, MD, 1969 | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = Scientific contributions clarifying the basis of, and developing new treatments for, disorders of innate immunity (inflammation) | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | influences = | influenced = | awards = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = | spouse = }}John I. Gallin (born March 25, 1943) is an American medical researcher who has contributed to the understanding of innate immunity but especially chronic granulomatous disease, a phagocyte disorder.[1] Gallin was appointed director of the NIH Clinical Center on May 1, 1994,[2] and served until January 8, 2017. He serves as the Chief Scientific Officer for the Clinical Center and Associate Director for Clinical Research at the National Institutes of Health.[3] Education and careerGallin was born on March 25, 1943, in New York City, His father was an attorney, and his mother was trained as a social worker, but then became a stay-at-home mom.[4] He graduated from New Rochelle High School in New Rochelle, NY, in 1961. He graduated cum laude from Amherst College in 1965. He earned his M.D. from Cornell Medical College of Cornell University in 1969.[4] After a medical internship and residency at New York University’s Bellevue Hospital, in 1971 he began postdoctoral training in basic and clinical research in infectious diseases at the National Institutes of Health as a clinical associate in the Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.[4][1] Gallin returned to New York University's Bellevue Hospital as senior chief medical resident from 1974-1975, then came back to NIH.[4] In 1985, he was appointed scientific director for intramural research activities at the NIAID, a position he held for the next nine years.[1] Gallin was the founding chief of NIAID’s Laboratory of Host Defenses in 1991 and served as chief of the laboratory for 12 years.[2] He continues as chief of the lab's clinical pathophysiology section. Gallin was the 10th director of the NIH Clinical Center, a position he held for 22 years, the longest serving director.[4] The Clinical Center is the largest hospital focused solely on clinical research and serves the scientific and medical needs of 17 NIH institutes. In 2011, under Gallin’s leadership, the Clinical Center was the first hospital to receive the Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award.[5] In August 2016, Gallin was appointed to the newly created positions of NIH Associate Director for Clinical Research and Chief Scientific Officer for the Clinical Center.[6] These posts report directly to the NIH Director and oversee independent research programs, clinical research training and the scientific review process for all clinical protocols conducted at the NIH. On January 8, 2017, Gallin stepped down as the director of the NIH Clinical Center to focus full-time as the Chief Scientific Officer of the Clinical Center and NIH Associate Director for Clinical Research.[6] Gallin served as Assistant Surgeon General of the United States Public Health Service and retired from the USPHS as a rear admiral.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}} Gallin has published or co-authored more than 355 articles in scientific journals and has edited two textbooks: Inflammation, Basic Principles and Clinical Correlates (Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, 1999) and Principles and Practices of Clinical Research (Academic Press, 2002, 4th edition (2018).[7] Medical researchGallin’s primary research interests are on the role of phagocytes, the body’s scavenger cells in host defense.[8] His research has focused on rare hereditary immune disorders, and he identified the genetic basis of several diseases of the phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages).[8] The laboratory has focused on neutrophil-specific granule deficiency, actin interacting protein deficiency and chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).[9] When phagocytes fail to produce hydrogen peroxide and bleach, CGD results. The laboratory described the genetic basis for several forms of CGD and the research has reduced life-threatening bacterial and fungal infections in CGD patients.[9] The laboratory discovered that when CGD patients get older they are protected from atherosclerosis (narrowing of the arteries), suggesting the abnormal enzyme in this disease might be a drugable target for normal people with atherosclerosis.[9] Achievements as NIH Clinical Center DirectorDuring his tenure as director of the NIH Clinical Center, Gallin oversaw the design and construction of the Mark O. Hatfield Clinical Research Center (CRC), an 870,000-square-foot research hospital added to the original structure. The CRC opened to patients in 2005.[7] Gallin also established a new curriculum for clinical research training that is now offered globally having reached over 35,000 students throughout the United States and in 26 countries and supported development of new information systems for sharing biomedical translational and clinical research.[7] Gallin was key to establishing a Patient Advisory Group at the Clinical Center in 1998, one of the first for patients participating in clinical research.[10] He, along with Clinical Center nurses, conceived and championed identifying resources from the NIH Foundation to construct the NIH Edmond J. Safra Family Lodge which opened in 2005. Gallin stressed the importance of collaboration and helped open the Clinical Center and its depth of resources to the research community outside NIH.[7] MembershipsGallin is a member of the National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) of the National Academy of Sciences, the Association of American Physicians, the American Society for Clinical Investigation, and the American College of Physicians (Master).[7] Awards and honors
USPHS awards
Personal lifeIn 1966, Gallin married Elaine Klimerman Gallin, a scientist with whom he has collaborated. They have two children: Alice Jennifer Gallin-Dwyer, trained as a lawyer and now raising three children, and Michael Louis Gallin, an architect practicing outside New York City who has two children.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}} Selected publicationsBooks
References1. ^1 2 {{Cite web|accessdate=April 24, 2016|url=https://history.nih.gov/nihinownwords/docs/page_11|title=In Their Own Words: NIH Researchers Recall the Early Years of AIDS, John I. Gallin, MD|publisher=Office of NIH History|date=June 23, 1993}} 2. ^1 {{Cite web|accessdate=March 14, 2017|url=https://nihrecord.nih.gov/PDF_Archive/1994%20pdfs/19940510.pdf|title=NIAID's Gallin appointed Clinical Center Director|publisher=The NIH Record|date=May 10, 1994}} 3. ^{{Cite web|accessdate=January 4, 2017|url=https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/major-general-james-gilman-md-tapped-lead-nih-clinical-center|title=Major General James Gilman, M.D., tapped to lead NIH Clinical Center|publisher=NIH|date=December 2016}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite web|accessdate=April 24, 2016|url=https://history.nih.gov/nihinownwords/docs/gallin1_01.html|title=In Their Own Words: NIH Researchers Recall the Early Years of AIDS, Interview with Dr. John I. Gallin|publisher=Office of NIH History|date=June 23, 1993}} 5. ^{{Cite web|accessdate=April 24, 2016|url=https://www.cc.nih.gov/ccaward.html|title=2011 Lasker~Bloomberg Award for Public Service|publisher=NIH Clinical Center|date=February 28, 2017}} 6. ^1 {{Cite web|accessdate=March 14, 2017|url= https://www.cc.nih.gov/about/news/newsletter/2016/winter/story-winter-gallin-appointed-leadership.html|title=Gallin appointed new leadership position|publisher=Clinical center News|date=December 2016}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite web|accessdate=April 24, 2016|url=https://www.cc.nih.gov/about/SeniorStaff/john_gallin.html|title=Biosketch Dr. John I. Gallin|publisher=NIH Clinical Center|date=March 30, 2017}} 8. ^1 {{Cite web|accessdate=May 6, 2017|url=https://irp.nih.gov/pi/john-gallin|title=Intramural Research Program: Our research|publisher=NIH Intramural Research Program|date=March 7, 2016}} 9. ^1 2 {{Cite web|accessdate=May 6, 2017|url=https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/john-i-gallin-md-macp|title=Laboratory of Host Defenses Dr. John I. Gallin|publisher=National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases|date=March 12, 2017}} 10. ^{{Cite web|accessdate=March 14, 2017|url= https://clinicalcenter.nih.gov/about/news/newsletter/1998/jun98/june.html#people|title=CC patients share their input|publisher=Clinical Center News|date=June 1998}} External links
10 : 1940 births|Living people|American immunologists|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences|American medical researchers|National Medal of Science laureates|Weill Cornell Medical College alumni|HIV/AIDS researchers|National Institutes of Health people|United States Public Health Service personnel |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。