| 词条 | Johnnie Hines Watts Prothro |
| 释义 |
| name = Johnnie Hines Watts Prothro | image = Photo of Johnnie Hines Watts Prothro.gif | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Johnnie Hines Watts | birth_date = {{Birth date|1922|02|28}} | birth_place = Atlanta, Georgia | death_date = {{Death date and age|2009|06|06|1922|02|28}} | death_place = Decatur, Georgia | nationality = American | alma_mater = Spelman College Columbia University University of Chicago | other_names = | occupation = Nutritionist | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = | spouse = Charles E. Prothro }}Dr. Johnnie Hines Watts Prothro (February 28, 1922 – June 6, 2009) was an American nutritionist in the South whose career spanned the eras of racial segregation, Jim Crow laws, and the passing of the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act.[1] Early life and educationJohnnie Hines Watts was born in Atlanta, Georgia on February 28, 1922.[1][2][4] After graduating from high school at the age of 15, she attended Spelman College[2][4][3] where she received a BS degree with honors in Home Economics.[4] Her first job after graduation was as a teacher at the all-black Booker T. Washington High School (1941–1945).[4] She left this position to continue her education, and received an MS from Columbia University in 1946.[2][4] After one year of teaching chemistry at Southern University[2] in Baton Rouge, LA (1946–1947),[4] she moved to Chicago to pursue a Ph.D.[4][3] She studied at the University of Chicago and received her Ph.D. in 1952 after completing a thesis on "The Relation of the Rates of Inactivation of Peroxidase, Catecholase, and Ascorbase to the Oxidation of Ascorbic Acid in Vegetables."[2][4] Career and later lifeProthro was an associate professor of chemistry and later a professor of home economics and food administration at the Tuskeegee Institute in Alabama (1952–1963).[2][4][3] However, due to the sustained racial tension and abuse she experienced living in the south, she and her family decided to move north.[1][4] She worked as an associate professor of home economics at the University of Connecticut at Storrs[2] from 1963–1967.[4] Prothro later returned to Tuskeegee University in 1968 to chair the Department of Home Economics and Food Administration,[4] and concluded her career as a professor in the Department of Nutrition at Georgia State University (1980–1989).[1][2][4] She was a highly respected teacher and researcher,[1][4] and published over 20 papers on the availability of essential amino acids from food.[4][4] Awards and honorsProthro received many fellowships and grants during her research career.[4][3] She was appointed by President Jimmy Carter[5] to the Board for International Food and Agricultural Development,[1][2][4] the first woman and the first African-American on the board.[4] In 2003, she was awarded an honorary degree by Spelman College for her research leadership and community activities.[4] An award in her name is offered by Georgia State University.[4] Personal lifeDuring her time in Chicago, she married Charles E. Prothro,[6] with whom she had a daughter.[1][6] She died of cancer on June 6, 2009 in Decatur, Georgia.[1][2][6] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite news |last1=Simmons |first1=Andria |title=Black female scientist was a Southern trailblazer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/423153381/?terms=%22Johnnie%2BHines%2BWatts%2BProthro%22 |accessdate=29 December 2018 |work=The Atlanta Constitution |date=12 June 2009 |location=Atlanta, Georgia |pages=B1, B5}} {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Prothro, Johnnie Hines Watts}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite journal |title=In Memoriam Johnnie Hines Watts Prothro (1922–2009) |journal=JBHE Weekly Bulletin |date=25 June 2009 |url=http://www.jbhe.com/latest/news/6-25-09/memoriam.html |accessdate=29 December 2018 |publisher=The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |title=Speaking of People: Research Associate |journal=Ebony |date=October 1960 |volume=15 |issue=12 |page=7 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=guP-D47Mq80C&pg=PA7&lpg=PA7&dq=%22Johnnie+Hines+Watts%22&source=bl&ots=TRpGNAvl4d&sig=Hgd97OHOG1qaJUeLGW5TPRKq9PU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiJxcvSmMXfAhXGbrwKHcULBNcQ6AEwA3oECAAQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Johnnie%20Hines%20Watts%22&f=false |accessdate=29 December 2018 |publisher=Johnson Publishing Company |issn=0012-9011}} 4. ^{{cite book |last1=Warren |first1=Wini |title=Black Women Scientists in the United States. Race, Gender, and Science |date=1999 |publisher=Indiana University Press |isbn=9780253336033 |pages=244-245 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?redir_esc=y&id=75bnncOVqEIC&q=Prothro#v=snippet&q=Prothro&f=false |accessdate=29 December 2018}} 5. ^{{cite book |title=Women: A Documentary of Progress During the Administration of Jimmy Carter, 1977 to 1981 |date=1981 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |page=2 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=cVVWwl4S_PcC&q=%22Johnnie+Prothro%22&dq=%22Johnnie+Prothro%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi3jcH4mMXfAhWByLwKHT7nB2gQ6AEIPDAD |accessdate=31 December 2018}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 {{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| isbn = 9780199742882| last = Brown| first = Jeannette E.| title = African American women chemists| location = New York| pages = 42–46 | date = 2012 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=wP5Nm-XbEaEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22African+American+women+chemists%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiv8PvL1pDgAhXEfSsKHQudB3kQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=Prothro&f=false |accessdate=26 January 2019}} 19 : 1922 births|2009 deaths|20th-century American chemists|African-American educators|African-American women|American nutritionists|American schoolteachers|American women chemists|Columbia University alumni|Deaths from cancer in Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia State University faculty|People from Atlanta|Scientists from Georgia (U.S. state)|Southern University faculty|Spelman College alumni|Tuskegee University faculty|University of Chicago alumni|University of Connecticut faculty|Women nutritionists |
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