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词条 Jonah 2
释义

  1. Text

  2. Textual versions

  3. Verse 1

  4. Verse 10

  5. See also

  6. Notes and references

  7. Bibliography

  8. External links

     Jewish  Christian 
{{Bible chapter|letname= Jonah 2 |previouslink= Jonah 1 |previousletter= chapter 1 |nextlink= Jonah 3 |nextletter= chapter 3 |book=Book of Jonah |biblepart=Old Testament | booknum= 32 |category= Nevi'im | filename= Kennicott Bible 305r.l.jpg | size=250px | name=Kennicott Bible, folio 305r - Jonah being swallowed by the fish. |caption=
"Jonah being swallowed by the fish". Kennicott Bible, folio 305r (1476).
}}Jonah 2 is the second chapter of the Book of Jonah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.{{sfn|Collins|2014}}{{sfn|Hayes|2015}} This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Jonah, and is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets.[1][2]

Text

The original text is written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 10 verses in Christian Bibles, but 11 verses in the Hebrew Bible with the following verse numbering comparison:[3]

Verse numbering for Jonah 1 and 2
English Hebrew
1:1-161:1-16
1:172:1
2:1-102:2-11

This article generally follows the common numbering in Christian English Bible versions, with notes to the numbering in Hebrew Bible versions.

Textual versions

Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language:

  • Masoretic Text (10th century)
  • Dead Sea Scrolls: (2nd century BC)[4][5]
    • 4Q76 (4QXIIa): extant: verses 6[4]
    • 4Q82 (4QXIIg): extant: verses 2-10[4]
    • Wadi Murabba'at (MurXII): extant: verses 1‑10[4]

Ancient translations in Koine Greek:

  • Septuagint (3rd century BC)
  • Dead Sea Scrolls: (2nd century BC)[4]
    • Naḥal Ḥever (8ḤevXIIgr): extant: verses 1-6[4]

Verse 1

Then Jonah prayed unto the Lord his God out of the fish's belly,[6]

  • Verse numbering: Masoretic texts number this verse as Jonah 2:2.
  • "Then" ("And"): that is, after 3 days and 3 nights.[7]
  • "Jonah prayed": The grammatical arrangement, and especially the language of verse 7, seem to speak of a deliverance "already experienced" rather than "expected"; it is rather a "thanksgiving" than a "prayer" - like that of Hanna's ({{bibleverse|1 Samuel|2:1|KJV}}).[8]
  • "His God": He acknowledges Jehovah as his God, first by inspiration, by chastisement, and finally by mercy.[8]
  • "Fish's belly": called "the belly of hell", or "the grave" in Jonah 2:2.[9]

Jonah had sinned against the Lord, and had been sorely chastised by him, yet he did not take his lovingkindness from him. Covenant interest and relation still continued and Jonah had knowledge as well as faith in it; and as this is an argument the Lord makes use of to engage backsliders to return unto him, it is a great encouragement to them so to do (cf. {{bibleverse|Jeremiah|3:14|KJV}}). In this Jonah was a type of Christ, who, amidst his agonies, sorrows, and sufferings, prayed to his Father, and claimed his interest in him as his God, Hebrews 5:7.[10]

Verse 10

And the Lord spake unto the fish, and it vomited out Jonah upon the dry land.[11]

  • Verse numbering: Masoretic texts number this verse as Jonah 2:11.
  • "upon the dry land": not upon the shore of the Red sea, as some; much less upon the shore of Nineveh, which was not built upon the seashore, but upon the river Tigris; and the fish must have carried him all round Africa, and part of Asia, to have brought him to the banks of the Tigris; which could not have been done in three days' time, nor in much greater. Josephus says[12] it was upon the shore of the Euxine sea; but the nearest part of it to Nineveh was one thousand six hundred miles from Tarsus, which the whale, very slow in swimming, cannot be thought to go in three days; besides, no very large fish swim in the Euxine sea, because of the straits of the Propontis, through which they cannot pass, as Bochart[13] from various writers has proved. It is more likely, as others, that it was on the Syrian shore, or in the bay of Issus, now called the gulf of Lajazzo; or near Alexandria, or Alexandretta, now Scanderoon. But it could also be on the shore of Palestine, near the place from whence they sailed. Huetius[14] and others think it probable that this case of Jonah gave rise to the story of Arion, who was cast into the sea by the mariners, took up by a dolphin, and carried to Corinth. Jonah's deliverance was a type of our Lord's resurrection from the dead on the third day, Matthew 12:40; and a pledge of ours; for, after this instance of divine power, why should it be thought a thing incredible that God should raise the dead?[10]

See also

{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}
  • Jonah
{{col-end}}{{Portal|Bible}}
  • Related Bible parts: Jonah 1

Notes and references

1. ^Metzger, Bruce M., et al. The Oxford Companion to the Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
2. ^Keck, Leander E. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume: VII. Nashville: Abingdon.
3. ^[https://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1701.htm Book of Jonah chapter 1] and [https://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1702.htm chapter 2] of The Hebrew Bible in Hebrew and English according to the JPS 1917 Edition
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 Dead sea scrolls - Jonah
5. ^{{cite journal |author=Timothy A. J. Jull |author2=Douglas J. Donahue |author3=Magen Broshi |author4=Emanuel Tov |url=https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1642 |title=Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert |journal=Radiocarbon |volume=38 |number=1 |year=1995 |page=14 |accessdate=26 November 2014}}
6. ^{{bibleref2|Jonah|2:1|KJV}}
7. ^Barnes, Albert. Notes on the Old Testament. London, Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998.{{PD-notice}}
8. ^1 Joseph S. Exell; Henry Donald Maurice Spence-Jones (Editors). The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. "Jonah 2" {{PD-notice}}
9. ^Robert Jamieson, Andrew Robert Fausset; David Brown. Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible. Jonah 2. 1871.{{PD-notice}}
10. ^1 John Gill. John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible. Exposition of the Old and New Testament. Published in 1746-1763.{{PD-notice}}
11. ^{{bibleref2|Jonah|2:10|KJV}}
12. ^Flavius Josephus. Antiqu. l. 9. c. 10. sect. 2.
13. ^Bochart. Hierozoic. par. 2. l. 5. c. 12. col. 744.
14. ^Huetius. Demonstr. Evangel. prop. 4. p. 294.

Bibliography

{{Refbegin}}
  • {{Cite book

|last = Collins
|first = John J.
|title = Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures
|publisher = Fortress Press
|year = 2014
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=fbsoBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA305&dq=%22there+is+no+doubt+that+the+book+was+edited+in+the+southern+kingdom%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjRiJyupeHSAhWHupQKHcnLCrAQ6AEIGzAA#v=onepage&q=%22there%20is%20no%20doubt%20that%20the%20book%20was%20edited%20in%20the%20southern%20kingdom%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
  • {{Cite book

|last = Hayes
|first = Christine
|title = Introduction to the Bible
|publisher = Yale University Press
|year = 2015
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=SKbkXYHxvlAC&pg=PT242&dq=%22Amos+is+structured+in+four+main+sections%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi44Kmyq-HSAhXCLpQKHRs5DoIQ6AEIGzAA#v=onepage&q=%22Amos%20is%20structured%20in%20four%20main%20sections%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
  • {{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | authorlink = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Text_of_the_Old_Testament.html?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}
{{Refend}}

External links

Jewish

  • Jonah 2 Hebrew with Parallel English
  • Jonah 2 Hebrew with Rashi's Commentary

Christian

  • Jonah 2 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
{{Book of Jonah}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Jonah 02}}

2 : Jonah 2|Book of Jonah chapters
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