词条 | Jonah 4 |
释义 |
"Jonah being swallowed by the fish". Kennicott Bible, folio 305r (1476). }}Jonah 4 is the fourth (and the last) chapter of the Book of Jonah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.{{sfn|Collins|2014}}{{sfn|Hayes|2015}} This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Jonah, and is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets.[1][2]TextThe original text is written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 11 verses. Textual versionsSome most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language:
There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BC. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}} Some fragments containing parts of this chapter (a revision of the Septuagint) were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, i.e., Naḥal Ḥever (8ḤevXIIgr; 1st century CE) with extant verses 1-2, 5.[3] Verse 6And the Lord God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his grief. So Jonah was exceeding glad of the gourd.[5]
Verse 11And should not I spare Nineveh, that great city, wherein are more than sixscore thousand persons that cannot discern between their right hand and their left hand; and also much cattle?[15]
The book ends abruptly, but its object is accomplished. Jonah is silenced; he can make no reply; he can only confess that he is entirely wrong, and that God is righteous. He learns the lesson that God would have all men saved, not limited to a narrow-mindedness which would exclude heathen from His kingdom.[16] See also{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}
Notes and references1. ^Metzger, Bruce M., et al. The Oxford Companion to the Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. 2. ^Keck, Leander E. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume: VII. Nashville: Abingdon. 3. ^1 2 3 Dead sea scrolls - Jonah 4. ^{{cite journal |author=Timothy A. J. Jull |author2=Douglas J. Donahue |author3=Magen Broshi |author4=Emanuel Tov |url=https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1642 |title=Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert |journal=Radiocarbon |volume=38 |number=1 |year=1995 |page=14 |accessdate=26 November 2014}} 5. ^{{bibleref2|Jonah|4:6|KJV}} KJV 6. ^Notes in NKJV 7. ^Herodotus. Euterpe, sive l. 2. c. 94. 8. ^Dioscorides. L. 4. c. 164. 9. ^Strabo. Geograph. l. 17. p. 566. 10. ^Pliny. Nat. Hist. l. 15. c. 7. 11. ^In Misna Sabbat, c. 2. sect. 1. 12. ^1 2 3 John Gill. John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible. Exposition of the Old and New Testament. Published in 1746-1763.{{PD-notice}} 13. ^Misa. Sabbat, c. 2. sect. 1. T. Bab. Sabbat, fol. 21. 2. 14. ^Tristram. Land of Israel, p. 37 apud Joseph S. Exell; Henry Donald Maurice Spence-Jones (Editors). The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. "Jonah 4". 15. ^{{bibleref2|Jonah|4:11|KJV}} KJV 16. ^1 2 3 Joseph S. Exell; Henry Donald Maurice Spence-Jones (Editors). The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. "Jonah 4". {{PD-notice}} 17. ^Barnes, Albert. Notes on the Old Testament. London, Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998.{{PD-notice}} 18. ^Robert Jamieson, Andrew Robert Fausset; David Brown. Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible. 1871.{{PD-notice}} Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last = Collins |first = John J. |title = Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures |publisher = Fortress Press |year = 2014 |url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=fbsoBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA305&dq=%22there+is+no+doubt+that+the+book+was+edited+in+the+southern+kingdom%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjRiJyupeHSAhWHupQKHcnLCrAQ6AEIGzAA#v=onepage&q=%22there%20is%20no%20doubt%20that%20the%20book%20was%20edited%20in%20the%20southern%20kingdom%22&f=false |ref = harv }}
|last = Hayes |first = Christine |title = Introduction to the Bible |publisher = Yale University Press |year = 2015 |url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=SKbkXYHxvlAC&pg=PT242&dq=%22Amos+is+structured+in+four+main+sections%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi44Kmyq-HSAhXCLpQKHRs5DoIQ6AEIGzAA#v=onepage&q=%22Amos%20is%20structured%20in%20four%20main%20sections%22&f=false |ref = harv }}
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