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词条 Joseph Masclet
释义

  1. Biography

  2. References and notes

      References    Notes  

  3. Quotes

Amé Thérèse Joseph Masclet (17 November 1760, Douai - 7 October 1833, Nice) was a French diplomat and an author of letters to Lafayette.

Biography

Former civil servant of Ancien Régime in the French Royal Navy, at Saint-Domingue, he was then a lawyer of the Parliament of Paris in 1788.[1][2] At the outbreak of the French Revolution, he was involved as a journalist for the Mercure National{{#tag:ref|Mercure national: a French journal created in 1789.|group=n|name="Mercure national"}}, writing especially for press freedom.[3][4] He enlisted in the French Revolutionary Army in 1790 as an officer in the 1st Regiment of Riflemen, first as second lieutenant, and later as lieutenant, in 1792; he then served as aide-de-camp to general officers in the Army of the Rhine.[2] Masclet, who was friend to Rouget de Lisle, wrote the last two verses of La Marseillaise.[5][6][7]

In an anonymous letter published in the Journal de Paris (1791) under his pseudonym "Eleuthere", he opposed Collot d'Herbois in the case of the Swiss of the Château-Vieux Regiment, that paradoxically became the symbol of freedom, and, in 1792, expressed with André Chénier his strongest claims against festivities given in their honnor by the municipality of Paris.[8][9]

He was pro-Lafayette at that time and went to England during the Reign of Terror to save his life. He constantly wrote defending him, asking for his release from Prussian and Austrian prisons. He published numerous articles in The Morning Chronicle using the pseudonym Eleutheros (freeman).[10][11] He worked to Lafayette's deliverance and succeeded in establishing a correspondence with Lafayette with the assistance of active agents. They became friends at that time.

Later, he served as sub-prefect during Napoleonic era, respectively in Boulogne-sur-Mer, Lille, Douai and Cosne until 1814.[12] In Boulogne, he was slandered as a double agent, a spy and a traitor.[13]

After the First Restoration, he was French consul at Liverpool from where he went to Edinburgh, and later to Bucharest, in 1824. He was French consul at Nice at the time of his death.[14]

Amé-Thérèse-Joseph Masclet was the eldest son of a large family. One of his brothers, {{Interlanguage link multi|Jean-Baptiste Masclet|pl|3=Jan Chrzciciel Masclet|lt=Jean-Baptiste}} died bishop in Moscow. Another one, Hippolyte. was a court advisor in Russia.[12]

References and notes

References

1. ^{{cite book |author1=Stendhal |author-link1=Stendhal |date=1959 |title=Stendhal club, Volume 2 |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=nmtcAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Masclet%22%2B%22saint-domingue%22&dq=%22Masclet%22%2B%22saint-domingue%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiex-fLu-nOAhXJLMAKHUpKCPEQ6AEIPDAF |language=fr |location=Paris |editor1=Stendhal-Club |editor2=Centre national des lettres |editor3=Académie française |editor3-link=Académie française |publisher=Stendhal Club |page=126}}
2. ^1 {{cite book |last=Psaume |first= Étienne |date=1816 |title=Biographie moderne, ou galerie historique, civile, militaire |trans-title=Modern Biography, or Collection of Historical, Civil and Military portraits |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=gMJujOTxsi4C&pg=PA360&dq=%22Masclet%22%2B%22saint-domingue%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiex-fLu-nOAhXJLMAKHUpKCPEQ6AEITjAJ#v=onepage&q=%22Masclet%22%2B%22saint-domingue%22&f=false |language=fr |location=Paris |editor1=Alexis Eymery |editor2=Delaunay |page=360 |quote=Masclet (Aimé-Thérèse-Joseph)}}
3. ^{{cite book |author1=Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines de l’université de Clermont-Ferrand |author2=Institut d’études du Massif Central |date=1966 |title=Gilbert Romme (1750-1795) et son temps |trans-title= |url=https://books.google.fr/books?hl=fr&id=QaMvFFaH0CgC&q=%22Ce+m%C3%AAme+Masclef+publie+dans+le+Mercure+national+du+14+f%C3%A9vrier%22#v=snippet&q=%22Ce%20m%C3%AAme%20Masclef%20publie%20dans%20le%20Mercure%20national%20du%2014%20f%C3%A9vrier%22&f=false |language=fr |location=Paris |publisher=Presses universitaires de France |page=97 |isbn=9782877410007}}
4. ^{{cite book |last=Quérard |first=Joseph-Marie |author-link1=Joseph-Marie Quérard |date=1833 |title=La France littéraire, ou Dictionnaire bibliographique |trans-title=France literary, or Bibliographical dictionary |url=https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/La_France_litt%C3%A9raire,_ou_Dictionnaire_bibliographique/Masclet |language=fr |location=Paris |publisher=Firmin Didot frères, libraires |page=594 |quote=Masclet}}
5. ^{{cite magazine |language=fr |last=Lamy |first=Fernand |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=TW9YAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Rouget%22%2B%22Masclet%22&dq=%22Rouget%22%2B%22Masclet%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiboae6s-vOAhWOSxoKHfKFAOYQ6AEILTAC |title=Revue de l'Agenais, Volume 104 |publisher=Société académique d'Agen |date=1978 |volume=104 |page=41 |access-date=1 September 2016 }}
6. ^{{cite magazine |language=fr |last=Welschinger |first=Henri |author-link1= Henri Welschinger |url=https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Le_premier_maire_constitutionnel_de_Strasbourg_%E2%80%93_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_de_Dietrich_1748-1793 |title=Le premier maire constitutionnel de Strasbourg – Frédéric de Dietrich 1748-1793 |publisher=Revue des Deux Mondes |date=1918 |volume=47 |pages=251–252 |access-date=2 September 2016 }}
7. ^{{cite book |last=Maugendre |first=Xavier |date=1996 |title=L'Europe des hymnes dans leur contexte historique et musical |trans-title=European national hymns in their historical and musical context |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=tAtItyiK9ywC&pg=PA17&dq=%22Que+tes+ennemis+expirants%22%2B%22Voient+ton+triomphe+et+notre+gloire+!%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6sKvNu_vOAhWCthoKHY12BFQQ6AEIHDAC#v=onepage&q=%22Que%20tes%20ennemis%20expirants%22%2B%22Voient%20ton%20triomphe%20et%20notre%20gloire%20!%22&f=false |language=fr |location=Paris |publisher=Mardaga Editions |page=17 |isbn=9782870096321}}
8. ^{{cite book |last=Chénier |first=André |author-link1=André Chénier |date=1840 |title=Œuvres en prose: augmentées d'un grand nombre de morceaux inédits |trans-title=Works in prose: augmented by a large number of unpublished pieces |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=usYtAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA318&dq=Eleuth%C3%A8re++Collot&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiJstCo94PdAhWGOsAKHVkFAHMQ6AEIUzAH#v=onepage&q=Eleuth%C3%A8re%20&f=false |language=fr |location=Paris |publisher=Librairie de C. Gosselin |page=318}}
9. ^{{cite book |last=Joannic-Seta |first=Frédérique |date=2015 |title=Le bagne de Brest: Naissance d'une institution carcérale au siècle des Lumières |trans-title=The prison of Brest: Birth of a prison institution during the Enlightenment |url=https://books.google.fr/books?hl=fr&id=aScSCwAAQBAJ&q=40+soldats+de+Château-Vieux+galère+de+Brest#v=snippet&q=40 |language=fr |location=Paris |publisher=Presses universitaires de Rennes |page= |isbn=9782753524149}}
10. ^{{cite book |author1=Jules Cloquet |date=1835 |title=Recollections of the private life of General Lafayette |url=https://books.google.fr/books?redir_esc=y&hl=fr&id=aGsFAAAAQAAJ&q=%22Masclet%22#v=snippet&q=%22Morning%20Chronicle%22&f=false |location= |publisher=Baldwin and Cradock |pages=49–50}}
11. ^{{cite book |author1=George Cadogan Morgan |author2=Richard Price Morgan |date=2012 |title=Travels in Revolutionary France and a Journey Across America |url=https://books.google.fr/books?hl=fr&id=rccmDAAAQBAJ&q=%22Eleutheros%22#v=snippet&q=%22Eleutheros%22&f=false |location= |publisher=University of Wales Press |editor=Mary-Ann Constantine, Paul Frame |page= |isbn=9781783165438}}
12. ^1 {{cite book |last=Duthilloeul |first=Hippolyte-Romain |author-link=Hippolyte-Romain Duthilloeul |date=1844 |title=Galerie douaisienne, ou biographie des hommes remarquables de la ville de Douai |trans-title=Galerie douaisienne, or biography of notable men of the city of Douai |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=I9NkAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA275&dq=%22Masclet+%28Am%C3%A9-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se%29%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjq8KTXpObOAhXhNpoKHc3tAMEQ6AEIGjAB#v=onepage&q=%22Masclet%20%28Am%C3%A9-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se%29%22&f=false |language=fr |location=Douai |publisher=Adam d'Aubers |pages=275–279 |quote=Masclet (Amé-Thérèse)}}
13. ^{{cite book |last=Philp |first=Mark |author-link1=Mark Philp |date=2006 |title=Resisting Napoleon: The British Response to the Threat of Invasion, 1797-1815 |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=cFnXgYaj-00C&pg=PA214&dq=%22napoleon%22%2B%22Masclet%22&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiu17yq2ujOAhUFBMAKHQMlCaEQ6AEIITAA#v=onepage&q=%22napoleon%22%2B%22Masclet%22&f=false |location=Aldershot, Hant, England & Burlington, USA |publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd |page=214 |isbn=9780754653134}}
14. ^{{cite web |url=http://lordbyron.org/persRec.php?&selectPerson=JoMascl1833 |title=Joseph Masclet [Eleutheros] |date=2016 |website=lordbyron.org |publisher=Lord Byron and his Time |access-date=}}
{{Wikiquote|Joseph Masclet}}

Notes

Quotes

  • I receive with great pleasure the letter with which you have honored me, and I have perceived with extreme emotion your affecting and energetic address to the people of Great Britain on the subject of M. de Lafayette.
    • Letter from Edward Livingston, Mayor of New York, Senator of Louisiana, Andrew Jackson's Secretary of State, addressed to Joseph Masclet, Bibliorare, New York, November 9, 1796
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9 : 1760 births|1833 deaths|People of the French Revolution|French military personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars|18th-century French military personnel|18th-century French lawyers|19th-century French diplomats|French journalists|Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur
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