| 词条 | Juan Tafur |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = Juan Tafur | honorific_suffix = | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = 1500 | birth_place = Córdoba, Spain | death_date = Unknown | death_place = Unknown, New Kingdom of Granada | death_cause = | body_discovered = | burial_place = | burial_coordinates = | monuments = | residence = | nationality = Castilian | other_names = | ethnicity = | citizenship = | education = | alma_mater = | occupation = Conquistador | years_active = 1518-1541 | era = | employer = Spanish Crown | organization = | known_for = Spanish conquest of the Muisca Construction of first church of Chipaque | notable_works = | style = | home_town = | module = | title = Encomendero of Bogotá | term_start = 1541 | term_end = 1541 | predecessor1 = Antonio Díaz de Cardoso | successor1 = Juan Díaz Hidalgo | term_start2 = 1546 | term_end2 = 1547 | predecessor2 = Juan de Céspedes | successor2 = Pedro de Colmenares | term_start3 = 1552 | term_end3 = 1552 | predecessor3 = Juan Muñoz de Collantes | successor3 = Gonzalo Rodríguez de Ledesma | term_start4 = 1554 | term_end4 = 1554 | predecessor4 = Gonzalo García Zorro | successor4 = Juan Ruiz de Orejuela | term_start5 = 1559 | term_end5 = 1559 | predecessor5 = Gonzalo Rodríguez de Ledesma | successor5 = Antonio Bermúdez | opponents = | boards = | denomination = | criminal_charge = | criminal_penalty = | criminal_status = | spouse = N.N, Antonia Manuel de Hoyos Francisca de Ulloa | partner = | children = Isabel Tafur | mother = Isabel Díaz Tafur | father = Juan Pérez Tubera | relatives = Cousins: Martín Yañéz Tafur Hernán Venegas Carrillo Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela | family = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | footnotes = {{center|[1][2]}} }} Juan Tafur (1500, Córdoba, Andalusia, Castile - ?, ?) was a Spanish conquistador who participated in the Spanish conquest of the Muisca people. He was a cousin of fellow conquistadors Martín Yañéz Tafur, Hernán Venegas Carrillo and Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela. Juan Tafur was five times encomendero (mayor) of Santa Fe de Bogotá. He also received the encomiendas of Pasca, Chipaque and Usaquén. The encomienda of Suesca was shared between Tafur and Gonzalo García Zorro. Knowledge of the life of Juan Tafur has been provided by the work El Carnero (1638), by chronicler Juan Rodríguez Freyle. BiographyFamilyJuan Tafur was born in the year 1500 in Córdoba, Spain. His parents were Juan Pérez Tubera and Isabel Díaz Tafur. Tafur took the surname of his mother.[1] Other family members were also conquistadors: Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela, Hernán Venegas Carrillo and Martín Yañés Tafur.[2] American ExpeditionsIn 1518 he left Spain for the New World under the command of Pedro de los Ríos, governor of Tierra Firme in Panama. De los Ríos sent Tafur with two ships to retrieve the dissatisfied members of the Pizarro expedition. In 1531 or 1533, Tafur left for Santa Marta, where he was sent to the Valle de Upar, together with conquistadors Antonio de Lebrija, Juan de Sanct Martín, Juan Muñoz de Collantes and Juan de Céspedes to force the submission the Chimila people to the Spanish.[3] In April 1536, Tafur was appointed cavalry leader in the expedition led by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada[4] which left the Caribbean city of Santa Marta in search of El Dorado.[5] Tafur participated in the Spanish conquest of the Muisca people and received the encomiendas of Pasca, Usaque, Itaque and Chipaque, where he built the first church in 1538.[6].[7] The encomienda of Suesca was shared between Juan Tafur and Gonzalo García Zorro.[8] MayoraltiesJuan Tafur was five times encomendero of Santa Fe de Bogotá: in 1541 succeeding Antonio Díaz de Cardoso and preceding Juan Díaz Hidalgo; from 1546 to 1547 succeeding Juan de Céspedes and succeeded by Pedro de Colmenares; in 1552 between the reigns of Juan Muñoz de Collantes and Gonzalo Rodríguez de Ledesma; in 1554 succeeding Gonzalo García Zorro and before Juan Ruiz de Orejuela; and finally in 1559 after the rule of Gonzalo Rodríguez de Ledesma and preceding Antonio Bermúdez.[9] In 1552, he requested 72 emeralds from Diego de Aguilar.[10] Mistreatment of native AmericansHe committed various atrocities against the indigenous people, including against the Panche people to the west of the Bogotá savanna. He mistreated the Cacique (leader) of Pasca and the Cacique of Chita, whose body he threw at the dogs.[11] In 1543, he was convicted for the mistreatment of the indigenous Muisca of Pasca.[10] Personal lifeJuan Tafur was married three times: to an unnamed woman; to Antonia Manuel de Hoyos; and to Francisca de Ulloa. He had a daughter named Isabel Tafur.[1] Encomiendas{{Location map+ | Bogotá savanna| width = 480 | caption = Encomiendas of Juan Tafur on and around the Bogotá savanna | float = left | places = | lat_deg = 4.598022 | lon_deg = -74.076050 | mark = White pog.svg | label = {{white|Bogotá}} | position = left }} {{Location map~ | Bogotá savanna| lat_deg = 4.308729 | lon_deg = -74.300183 | mark = White pog.svg | label = {{white|Pasca}} | position = left }} {{Location map~ | Bogotá savanna| lat_deg = 4.695201 | lon_deg = -74.030920 | mark = White pog.svg | label = {{white|Usaquén}} | position = left }} {{Location map~ | Bogotá savanna| lat_deg = 4.442666 | lon_deg = -74.044273 | mark = White pog.svg | label = {{white|Chipaque}} | position = right }} {{Location map~ | Bogotá savanna| lat_deg = 5.103419 | lon_deg = -73.799197 | mark = Yellow pog.svg | label = {{yellow|Suesca}} | position = right }}{{clearboth}} == See also == {{portal|Biography|Colombia|Colonialism|Spain}}
References1. ^1 2 [https://www.geni.com/people/Juan-Tafur/6000000029554312971 Juan Tafur] - Geni 2. ^Rodríguez Freyle, 1638, p.62 3. ^Rodríguez Freyle, 1638, p.66 4. ^Acosta, 1848, p.400 5. ^{{es}} Lista de los que consiguieron el descubrimiento del Reino de Granada con el General don Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada, en el año de 1538 - Banco de la República 6. ^{{es}} Official website Chipaque 7. ^1 {{es}} Juan Tafur - Banco de la República - Soledad Acosta de Samper 8. ^Rodríguez Freyle, 1638, p.112 9. ^{{es}} List of mayors of Bogotá - 1538-1599 10. ^1 {{es}} Los caballeros de la conquista 11. ^Rodríguez Freyle, 1638, p.67 Bibliography
Further reading
11 : 1500 births|Year of death unknown|16th-century Spanish people|16th-century explorers|Spanish conquistadors|Andalusian conquistadors|People from Córdoba, Andalusia|Encomenderos|Mayors of Bogotá|History of Colombia|History of the Muisca |
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