| 词条 | Bella Abzug |
| 释义 |
|name = Bella Abzug |image = Bella Savitsky Abzug.jpg |state = New York |district = {{ushr|NY|20|20th}} |term_start = January 3, 1973 |term_end = January 3, 1977 |predecessor = William Ryan |successor = Theodore Weiss |state1 = New York |district1 = {{ushr|NY|19|19th}} |term_start1 = January 3, 1971 |term_end1 = January 3, 1973 |predecessor1 = Leonard Farbstein |successor1 = Charles Rangel |birth_name = Bella Savitsky |birth_date = {{birth date|1920|7|24}} |birth_place = New York City, New York, U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|1998|3|31|1920|7|24}} |death_place = New York City, New York, U.S. |party = Democratic |spouse = Martin Abzug |children = 2 |education = City University of New York, Hunter (BA) Columbia University (LLB) Jewish Theological Seminary }}Bella Savitzky Abzug (July 24, 1920 – March 31, 1998), nicknamed "Battling Bella", was an American lawyer, U.S. Representative, social activist and a leader of the Women's Movement. In 1971, Abzug joined other leading feminists such as Gloria Steinem, Shirley Chisholm, and Betty Friedan to found the National Women's Political Caucus.[1] In 1970, Abzug's first campaign slogan was, "This woman's place is in the House—the House of Representatives."[2] She was later appointed to co-chair the National Commission on the Observance of International Women's Year created by President Gerald Ford's executive order, presided over the 1977 National Women's Conference, and led President Jimmy Carter's National Advisory Commission for Women. Early lifeBella Savitzky was born on July 24, 1920 in New York City.[3] Both of her parents were Russian Jewish immigrants.[4] Her mother, Esther (née Tanklefsky), was a homemaker, and her father, Emanuel Savitzky,[3] ran the Live and Let Live Meat Market. Even in her youth, she was competitive and would beat everyone, including the boys, in all sorts of competitions.[5][6] When her father died, Abzug, then 13, was told that her Orthodox synagogue did not permit women to say the (mourners') Kaddish, since that rite was reserved for sons of the deceased. However, because her father had no sons, she went to the synagogue every morning for a year to recite the prayer, defying the tradition of her congregation's practice of Orthodox Judaism.[7] Abzug graduated from Walton High School in New York City, where she was class president,[4] and went on to Hunter College of the City University of New York and simultaneously attended the Jewish Theological Seminary of America. She later earned a law degree from Columbia University in 1944.[3] Legal and political careerAbzug was admitted to the New York Bar in 1945, and started practicing in New York City at the firm of Pressman, Witt & Cammer, particularly in matters of labor law. She became an attorney in the 1940s, a time when very few women practiced law. Early on, she took on civil rights cases in the South. She appealed the case of Willie McGee, a black man convicted in 1945 of raping a white woman in Laurel, Mississippi and sentenced to death by an all-white jury who deliberated for only two-and-a-half minutes. Abzug lost the appeal and the man was executed.[8] Abzug was an outspoken advocate of liberal causes, including the Equal Rights Amendment, and opposition to the Vietnam War.[3] Years before she was elected to the House of Representatives, she was an early participant in[3] Women Strike for Peace.[9] Her political stands placed her on the master list of Nixon political opponents. Nicknamed "Battling Bella",[10][11] in 1970, she challenged the 14-year incumbent, Leonard Farbstein, in the Democratic primary for a congressional district on Manhattan's West Side. She defeated Farbstein in a considerable upset, and then defeated talk show host Barry Farber in the general election. In 1972, her district was eliminated via redistricting and she chose to run against William Fitts Ryan, who also represented part of the West Side, in the Democratic primary. Ryan, although seriously ill, defeated Abzug. However, Ryan died before the general election and Abzug defeated his widow, Priscilla, in a party convention to choose the new Democratic nominee. In the general election Priscilla Ryan challenged Abzug on the Liberal Party line, but was unsuccessful.[12] In the general election she was reelected easily in 1974. For her last two terms, she represented part of The Bronx as well. She was one of the first members of Congress to support gay rights, introducing the first federal gay rights bill, known as the Equality Act of 1974, with fellow Democratic New York City Representative, Ed Koch, a future mayor of New York City.[13] She chaired historic hearings on government secrecy. She was chair of Subcommittee on Government Information and Individual Rights. She was voted by her colleagues the third most influential member of the House as reported in U.S. News & World Report. Often recognized by these vibrant hats, though they were banned from the House, Bella reminded all who admired them: "It's what's under the hat that counts!"[14] In February 1975, Abzug was part of a bi-partisan delegation sent to Saigon by President Ford to assess the situation on the ground in South Vietnam near the end of the American War. Abzug was the only member of the delegation to oppose continued military and humanitarian aid to South Vietnam, yet her views quickly gained support in Congress. Abzug herself was the one who later told President Thieu directly that the U.S. would not provide "one more dollar" of support. The controversial withdrawal of support contributed to the collapse of South Vietnam. Abzug's career in Congress ended with an unsuccessful bid for the Democratic nomination for the US Senate in 1976, when she narrowly lost to the more moderate Daniel Patrick Moynihan, who had served in both the Nixon and Ford Administrations as White House Urban Affairs Advisor, Counselor to the President, United States Ambassador to India, and United States Ambassador to the United Nations. Moynihan would go on to serve four terms in that office.[3][15] Abzug was defeated in a four-way primary race for the Senate in 1976 by less than one percent. However, she was not mentioned in the news and the coverage was only about the male candidates.[16] President Carter "appointed her chair of the National Commission on the Observance of International Women's Year and, later, co-chair of the National Advisory Commission for Women".[17] Abzug was a supporter of Zionism. As a young woman she was a member of the Socialist-Zionist youth movement of Hashomer Hatzair.[18] In 1975 she challenged the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379 (revoked in 1991 by resolution 46/86), which "determine[d] that Zionism is a form of racism and racial discrimination".[19] {{quote|I've been described as a tough and noisy woman, a prizefighter, a man-hater, you name it. They call me Battling Bella.|author=Bella Abzug|source=in her 1971 Congress journal, quoted by Braden in Women Politicians and the Media[10]}}Later life and deathAbzug never held elective office again after leaving the House, although she remained a high-profile figure and was again a candidate on multiple occasions. She was unsuccessful in her bid to be Mayor of New York City in 1977,[20] as well as in attempts to return to the US House from the East Side of Manhattan in 1978 against Bill Green,[21] and from Westchester County, New York in 1986.[22] She authored two successful books, Bella: Ms. Abzug Goes to Washington[23] and The Gender Gap,[24] the latter co-authored with friend and colleague, Mim Kelber. She continually devised innovative strategies to further her vision of equality and power for women in the United States and abroad. Abzug founded and ran several women's advocacy organizations, in 1979 Women U.S.A. and continued to lead feminist advocacy events, for example serving as grand marshal of the Women's Equality Day New York March on August 26, 1980.[25] In the last decade of her life, in the early 1990s, with colleague Mim Kelber, she co-founded the Women's Environment and Development Organization (WEDO), in their own words "a global women's advocacy organization working towards a just world that promotes and protects human rights, gender equality, and the integrity of the environment".[citation needed].[26] As WEDO president, she became an influential leader at the United Nations and at UN world conferences, working to empower women around the globe. Among its early successes was the World Women's Congress for a Healthy Planet held in Miami in 1991, where 1,500 women from 83 countries produced the Women's Action Agenda 21. Extending its perspective into the next century, this is a blueprint for incorporating women's concerns into development and environmental decision-making at all levels.[27] Following through on her belief that women's direct participation is absolutely necessary for social change, Bella developed the Women's Caucus, which used new methods to get women involved in every phase of planning and development for UN conferences.[28] The Women's Caucus analyzed documents, proposed gender-sensitive policies and language, and lobbied to advance the Women's Agenda for the 21st Century at the UN Conference on Environment and Development, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Bella and WEDO went on to play a leading role at the UN. They worked through the Women's Caucus to highlight issues of greatest concern to women in both ongoing policy-making and at major UN conferences, including the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing in 1995.[29] During UN conferences, governments would make commitments, promising to meet some of the goals furthered by the conference. WEDO developed strategies to monitor governments and make the results public.[30] During her last years, Bella kept up her busy schedule of travel and work, even though she traveled in a wheelchair. Bella led WEDO until her death, giving her final public speech[31] before the UN in March 1998. After battling breast cancer for a number of years, she developed heart disease and died on March 31, 1998 from complications following open heart surgery. She was 77.[32] Abzug was interred at Old Mount Carmel Cemetery, Glendale, Queens County, New York. She was inducted into the Women's Hall of Fame in Seneca Falls and is the recipient of numerous prestigious national and international awards. A year before her death, Bella received the highest civilian recognition and honor at the U.N., the Blue Beret Peacekeepers Award.[33] She appeared in the WLIW video A Laugh, A Tear, A Mitzvah,[34] as well as in Woody Allen's Manhattan (as herself),[35] a 1977 episode of Saturday Night Live,[36] and the documentary A Documentary Film.[37] FamilyIn 1944, Bella Savitsky married Martin Abzug, a novelist and stockbroker. They met on a bus in Miami on the way to a Yehudi Menuhin concert and remained married until his death in 1986.[38] LegacyIn the pilot episode of Lou Grant (1977), Joe Rossi gives the name of Bella Abzug when he first meets Lou. In 1979, the Supersisters trading card set was produced and distributed; one of the cards featured Abzug's name and picture.[39] Abzug appeared in Shirley MacLaine's autobiographical book Out on a Limb (1983). In the 1987 ABC Television mini-series "Out on a Limb" based on the book, Abzug was played by Anne Jackson.[40] In 1994 Abzug was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame.[3] Abzug was honored on March 6, 1997 at the United Nations as a leading female environmentalist.[3] In 1998 Ms. Magazine named Abzug a role model.[3] In 2004, her daughter Liz Abzug, an adjunct Urban Studies Professor at Barnard College and a political consultant, founded the Bella Abzug Leadership Institute (BALI) to mentor and train high school and college women to become effective leaders in civic, political, corporate and community life. To commemorate the thirtieth anniversary of the first National Women's Conference, a ground-breaking event held in Houston in 1977 and over which Bella Abzug had presided, BALI hosted a National Women's Conference on the weekend of November 10–11, 2007, at Hunter College (NYC). Over 600 people from around the world attended. Besides celebrating the 1977 Conference, the 2007 agenda was to address significant women's issues for the 21st century.[41] Abzug was a featured in a segment in the 2007 documentary NY77: The Coolest Year In Hell, which explores in-depth what life was like during the year 1977 in Manhattan. An excerpt from a press conference of Bella Abzug is used when discussing the differences in political views between Abzug and fellow mayoral candidate Ed Koch. Geraldo Rivera gave detailed commentary on Bella's personality and political style.[42] In 2010, BALI hosted their 2nd Annual Bella and Bella Fella Awards Banquet.[43] Notable winners of the awards include Gloria Steinem, Jennifer Raab, and Ken Sunshine.[44] In 2017, she was named one of Time magazine's 50 Women Who Made American Political History.[45] In 2018, The Wing named a meeting room at their Washington D.C. location after Bella Abzug, calling it "The Office of Bella Azbug, Battle Leader".[46] The video "Bella Abzug: In Her Own Words"[47] was produced by Progressive Source Communications[48] for the Bella Abzug Leadership Institute.[49] On March 1, 2019, the recently-built Hudson Yards Park was renamed after Abzug as a tribute to women’s history month and its location in her former Congressional district. [50] Bella! Documentary FilmAccording to IMDB [51], filmmaker Jeff L. Lieberman is directing a feature documentary film entitled Bella! about the life and political achievements of the groundbreaking feminist, activist and pioneering congresswoman. The film features brand new interviews with Barbra Streisand, Shirley MacLaine, Hillary Clinton, Lily Tomlin, Nancy Pelosi, Gloria Steinem, Maxine Waters, Phil Donahue, Marlo Thomas, Charles Rangel, David Dinkins and Renée Taylor. It's scheduled to premiere in 2020, coinciding with the upcoming historic 100-year anniversary of the Women's Right to Vote. Selected bibliographyBooks
Papers
See also{{Portal bar|New York|Government of the United States|Biography}}
References1. ^{{cite web |title=Bella Abzug |url=https://www.history.com/topics/womens-history/bella-abzug |website=HISTORY |publisher=A&E Television Networks |accessdate=12 February 2019}} 2. ^{{cite web |title=ABZUG, Bella Savitzky |url=https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/8276 |website=History, Art, & Archives: US House of Representatives |publisher=Office of the Historian and the Clerk of the House's Office of Art and Archives |accessdate=12 February 2019 |ref=Web}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite book|author=Kathryn Cullen-DuPont|title=Encyclopedia of women's history in America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oIro7MtiFuYC&pg=PA374|accessdate=November 28, 2011|date=August 1, 2000|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-0-8160-4100-8|page=1}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|author=Barbara J. Love|title=Feminists who changed America, 1963-1975|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kpNarH7t9CkC|accessdate=January 4, 2012|year=2006|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=978-0-252-03189-2|page=3}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Bella Abzug profile|url=http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/abzug-bella|website=jwa.org|accessdate=2015-11-10}} 6. ^Levy, Alan Howard. The Political Life of Bella Abzug, 1920-1976 Political Passions, Women's Rights, and Congressional Battles. Lanham, Md.: Lexington, 2013. 7. ^Jaffe-Gill, Ellen, editor The Jewish Woman's Book of Wisdom, Citadel Press, 1998 Bella Abzug, No One Could Have Stopped Me, pp. 4, 74 8. ^Suzanne Braun Levine and Mary Thom, Bella Abzug: How One Tough Broad from the Bronx Fought Jim Crow and Joe McCarthy, Pissed Off Jimmy Carter, Battled for the Rights of Women and Workers, ... Planet, and Shook Up Politics Along the Way, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007; {{ISBN|0-374-29952-8}}, pp. 49–56 [https://books.google.com/books?id=Swe2xwKRCEcC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&q=&f=false] 9. ^Faber, Doris. Bella Abzug. Lothrup, Lee and Shepard, 1976. pp. 61–69. Juvenile book. 10. ^1 {{cite book|author=Maria Braden|title=Women Politicians and the Media|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gp55ekA2RE0C&pg=PA79|accessdate=December 6, 2012|year=1996|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|isbn=978-0-8131-0869-8|page=79}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1998-04-01/news/1998091029_1_bella-abzug-feminist-woman-in-congress|title=Founding, enduring feminist Bella Abzug is dead at 77 'Battling Bella' served three terms in House|work=The Baltimore Sun|date=April 1, 1998|accessdate=December 6, 2012|author=Baer, Susan}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0724.html|work=The New York Times|title=Bella Abzug, 77, Congresswoman And a Founding Feminist, Is Dead|accessdate=January 26, 2016}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thetaskforce.org/issues/nondiscrimination/narrative |publisher=National Gay and Lesbian Task Force |title=Narrative: The Task Force's commitment to ending discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender Americans has a long history |accessdate=August 2, 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141001151212/http://www.thetaskforce.org/issues/nondiscrimination/narrative |archivedate=October 1, 2014 |df= }} 14. ^{{cite web|last1=Rozensky|first1=Jordyn|title=Halloween: JWA Style|url=http://jwa.org/blog/halloween-jwa-style|website=Jewish Women's Archive|accessdate=September 25, 2014}} 15. ^https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB111473160246920228 16. ^Levy, Alan Howard. Political Life of Bella Abzug, 1976–1998: Electoral Failures and the Vagaries of Identity Politics. Lanham, Md.: Lexington, 2013. 17. ^{{cite web |title=Bella Abzug (1920-1998) |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/bella-abzug |website=Jewish Virtual Library |publisher=American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise |accessdate=12 February 2019}} 18. ^{{cite book|last=Zion|first=Noam Sachs|title=A different light: the Hanukkah book of celebration: a how-to guide to a creative candle lighting ceremony: blessings, songs, stories, readings, games and cartoons to engage adults, teenagers and children on each of the eight nights|year=2000|publisher=Devora Pub.|location=New York|isbn=9781930143319|author2=Spectre, Barbara}} 19. ^{{cite web |last1=Lewis|first1=Paul |title=U.N. Repeals Its '75 Resolution Equating Zionism With Racism |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/17/world/un-repeals-its-75-resolution-equating-zionism-with-racism.html |website=New York Times |publisher=New York Times Company |accessdate=13 February 2019}} 20. ^{{cite web |title=ABZUG, Bella Savitzky |url=https://history.house.gov/People/Listing/A/ABZUG,-Bella-Savitzky-(A000018)/ |website=History Art & Archives: US House of Representatives |publisher=Office of the Historian and the Clerk of the House's Office of Art and Archives |accessdate=13 February 2019}} 21. ^{{cite web |title=Green's Victory Is Official, but Mrs. Abzug is Silent |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1978/02/18/archives/new-jersey-pages-greens-victory-is-official-but-mrs-abzug-is-silent.html |website=New York Times |publisher=The New York Times Company |accessdate=11 February 2019}} 22. ^{{cite web |title=Bella Abzug Biography |url=https://www.biography.com/people/bella-abzug-9174815 |website=BIOGRAPHY |publisher=A&E Television Network |accessdate=12 February 2019}} 23. ^{{cite book|author=Bella Abzug|title=Bella: Ms. Abzug Goes to Washington|url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Bella.html?id=-mh3AAAAMAAJ|accessdate=March 13, 2013|year=1972|publisher=Saturday Review Press|isbn= 0-8415-0154-8|page=79}} 24. ^{{cite book|author=Bella Abzug and Mim Kelber|title=The Gender Gap: Bella Abzug's Guide to Political Power for American Women|url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Gender_gap.html?id=ez4qAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=March 13, 2013|year=1984|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|isbn=0-395-36181-8|page=79}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.american-buddha.com/barredbar.13a.gif|title=PunʞLawyer|publisher=}} 26. ^{{cite web |last1=Velez |first1=Denise |title=They Call me 'Battling Bella' |url=https://sandiegofreepress.org/2016/03/they-call-me-battling-bella/ |website=SandiegoFreePress.org |publisher=San Diego Free Press |accessdate=13 February 2019}} 27. ^{{cite web |title=Bella Abzug |url=https://www.tolerance.org/classroom-resources/texts/bella-abzug |website=Teaching Tolerance |publisher=Southern Poverty Law Center |accessdate=13 February 2019}} 28. ^{{cite web |title=They call me 'Battling Bella' |url=https://sandiegofreepress.org/2016/03/they-call-me-battling-bella/ |website=San Diego Free Press |publisher=San Diego Free Press |accessdate=13 February 2019}} 29. ^{{cite web |title=Bella Abzug |url=https://www.tolerance.org/classroom-resources/texts/bella-abzug |website=Teaching Tolerance |publisher=Southern Poverty Law Center |accessdate=13 February 2019}} 30. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.tolerance.org/classroom-resources/texts/bella-abzug|title=Bella Abzug|date=2017-08-07|website=Teaching Tolerance|language=EN|access-date=2019-03-01}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://jwa.org/media/remarks-by-bella-abzug-at-42nd-session-of-un-commission-on-status-of-women|title=Bella Abzug at the 42nd Session of the UN Commission on the Status of Women|date=March 16, 1998|accessdate=August 2, 2016}} 32. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/04/01/nyregion/bella-abzug-77-congresswoman-and-a-founding-feminist-is-dead.html?pagewanted=all|publisher=New York Times|title=Bella Abzug, 77, Congresswoman And a Founding Feminist, Is Dead|first=Laura|last=Mansnerus|date=April 1, 1998}} 33. ^ {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225031628/http://www.abzuginstitute.org/bella.htm|date=February 25, 2012}} 34. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/archive/index.jsp?pgmid=5803|title=A Laugh, A Tear, A Mitzvah {{!}} KQED|website=KQED Public Media|access-date=2019-03-01}} 35. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/20/fashion/girls-television-cameos-new-york-city.html|title=Riding the Wave of ‘Girls’|last=Williams|first=Alex|date=2014-03-19|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-03-01|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} 36. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2014/09/75271/best-snl-sketches-40th-season-premiere|title=39 Moments, 40 Crazy Seasons|last=Golembewski|first=Chris Kaye,Vanessa|website=www.refinery29.com|language=en|access-date=2019-03-01}} 37. ^{{Citation|title=New York: A Documentary Film|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0220924/|access-date=2019-03-01}} 38. ^{{cite web |title=Women in Congress 1917-2006 |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CDOC-108hdoc223/pdf/GPO-CDOC-108hdoc223.pdf |website=GovInfo |publisher=US Government Publishing Office |accessdate=13 February 2019 |pages=447}} 39. ^{{cite web|last=Wulf |first=Steve|url=http://espn.go.com/espnw/news-commentary/article/12535055/original-roster|title=Supersisters: Original Roster|publisher=Espn.go.com|date=2015-03-23|accessdate=2015-06-04}} 40. ^{{cite web|last1=Terry|first1=Cliffor|title=Maclaine Leaves Little On `Limb`|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1987-01-16/features/8701040913_1_gerry-stamford-shirley-maclaine-bella-abzug|publisher=Chicago Tribune|accessdate=25 December 2016|date=January 16, 1987}} 41. ^BALI News and Events {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071021041505/http://abzuginstitute.org/news.htm |date=2007-10-21 }} published online, Fall 2007. 42. ^{{cite web|last1=Lowry|first1=Brian|title=RReview: 'NY77: The Coolest Year in Hell'|url=https://variety.com/2007/scene/markets-festivals/ny77-the-coolest-year-in-hell-1200557316/|publisher=Variety|accessdate=25 December 2016|date=August 8, 2007}} 43. ^{{cite web|url=http://feminist.org/calendar/cal_details.asp?idSchedule=8508|title=Feminist Event Calendar - 4/7/2010: Meet Gloria Steinem at the 2nd Annual Bella & Bella Fella Awards in NYC}} 44. ^{{cite av media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JlxYzt9maF4|title=Ben Affleck Roasts Ken Sunshine's Bella Fella 2013 Award|date=15 April 2013|via=YouTube}} 45. ^{{cite web|last=Zorthian |first=Julia |url=http://time.com/4551817/50-women-political-history/ |title=International Women's Day: 50 Who Made US Political History |publisher=Time |date=2017-03-08 |accessdate=2018-05-24}} 46. ^{{Cite news|url=https://dc.curbed.com/2018/4/13/17230346/wing-dc-coworking-women|title='Hopelessly Manhattan,' possibly illegal, and other reactions to D.C.'s first women-only coworking space|work=Curbed DC|access-date=2018-04-14}} 47. ^{{YouTube|BA3lq_u39q8}} 48. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ProgressiveSource.com|title=Progressive Source Communications|work=Progressive Source Communications}} 49. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.AbzugInstitute.org|title=Squarespace - Claim This Domain|publisher=Abzug Institute|accessdate=February 3, 2016}} 50. ^https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/hudson-park/pressrelease/21644 51. ^{{IMDb title|tt8000606|Bella!}} Further reading
External links{{wikiquote}}
from New York's 19th congressional district|years=1971–1973}}{{s-aft|after=Charles Rangel}} |-{{s-bef|before=William Ryan}}{{s-ttl|title=Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 20th congressional district|years=1973–1977}}{{s-aft|after=Theodore Weiss}}{{s-end}}{{Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York}}{{National Women's Hall of Fame}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Abzug, Bella}} 28 : 1920 births|1998 deaths|20th-century American lawyers|20th-century American politicians|20th-century American women|20th-century American women politicians|American feminists|American pacifists|American people of Russian-Jewish descent|American pro-choice activists|American women lawyers|American women's rights activists|American Zionists|Burials in New York (state)|Columbia Law School alumni|Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives|Female members of the United States House of Representatives|Hunter College alumni|Jewish feminists|Jewish members of the United States House of Representatives|Jewish Theological Seminary of America people|LGBT rights activists from the United States|Members of the United States House of Representatives from New York (state)|New York (state) Democrats|People from the Upper East Side|Politicians from the Bronx|Politicians from New York City|Women in New York (state) politics |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。