| 词条 | Kanai Pal |
| 释义 |
Kanai Pal was an Indian Trotskyist politician. A labour leader active in Santipur, West Bengal, he represented the area in the state legislature 1962–1969. Independence struggleAs a politician, Pal was known to be self-sacrificing and sincere.[1] He was jailed a number of times.[1] Pal took part in the struggle for Indian independence and was convicted during the 1942 Quit India movement.[2] He played a leading role in sabotage action group in Nadia District.[3] In one confrontation during the August Revolution his spinal cord was badly injured.[1] He later lost a finger in police lathi charge in protest for right for refugees from the Partition of India.[1] 1952 elections and break with the RCPIAt the time of the 1951–1952 elections, Pal was a member of the Tagore faction of the Revolutionary Communist Party of India.[1] He donated all his personal belongings, estimated at 15,000 Indian rupees, to the party.[1] Pal contested the Santipur constituency in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, 1952 on a RCPI ticket and finished in second place with 4,564 votes (21.43% of the votes in the constituency).[4] He finished in fourth place with 2,920 votes (6.9%).[10] However, Pal and his followers split away from the Tagore faction of RCPI in 1953.[1] Pal was disappointed with the lack of support from the party during his election campaign.[5] Pal's Santipur-based faction merged into the United Marxist League in 1954, which soon renamed itself as the Communist League.[5] Pal again contested the Santipur seat in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, 1957, this time on an independent ticket.[14] He finished in second place with 13,470 votes (36.78%).[6] In 1958 the Communist League merged into the Revolutionary Workers Party.[7] The RWP merged into the Dasgupta-led RCPI in 1960.[7] Legislator and prisonerPal won the Santipur seat in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly in the 1962 and 1967 elections.[8] In 1962 he ran as an independent.[19] With 26,553 votes (53.80%) he defeated the incumbent Indian National Congress legislator Haridas De.[9] Soon after being elected, on November 6, 1962 he was jailed under the West Bengal Security Act.[2][10] He was again arrested in 1965, under the Defense of India Rules.[11] In December 1965 the Fourth International Congress elected Pal, along with other jailed Trotskyist leaders as member of its 'honorary presidium'.[12] In 1967 he contested on a Communist Party of India (Marxist) ticket.[8] He retained the seat, obtaining 20,695 votes (47.63%).[13] Later yearsIn the West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, 1969 Pal ran as an independent in Santipur, against the official RCPI candidate M. Mokshed Ali.[14] He finished in third place with 3289 votes (7.15%).[14] In the West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, 1971 Pal ran as an independent in Santipur, against the official RCPI candidate Bimalananda Mukherjee.[15] He finished in fourth place with 2,920 votes (6.9%).[15] In 1972 he played a role building the Association for Protection of Democratic Rights in Nadia District.[16][17] Pal died,{{when|date=November 2016}} having suffered from kidney failure, anemia, high blood pressure and paralysis.[1] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|title=Cahiers Léon Trotsky|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kmRdAAAAMAAJ|edition=24|year=1985|publisher=Institut Léon Trotsky|page=8}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|title=Lok Sabha Debates|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Sk1PAQAAMAAJ|edition=6–10|volume=13|date=February 1964|publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat|page=1071}} 3. ^{{cite book|author=Kalyan Kumar Sarkar|title=The "Quit India" Movement in the District of Nadia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uVFuAAAAMAAJ|year=1988|publisher=Barnali|pages=56, 69}} 4. ^Election Commission of India. STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1951 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|author=S. N. Sadasivan|title=Party and democracy in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lJ2KAAAAMAAJ|year=1977|publisher=Tata McGraw-Hill|pages=44–45, 89}} 6. ^1 Election Commission of India. STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1957 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL 7. ^1 Alexander, Robert J.. [https://www.marxists.org/history/etol/writers/alex/works/in_trot/india.htm Trotskyism in India] 8. ^1 {{cite book|author=Communist Party of India (Marxist). West Bengal State Committee|title=Election results of West Bengal: statistics & analysis, 1952–1991|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CNeNAAAAMAAJ|publisher=The Committee|pages=416, 496}} 9. ^1 Election Commission of India. STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1962 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL 10. ^{{cite book|title=Intercontinental Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hv5aAAAAMAAJ|volume=1|year=1963|publisher=Intercontinental Press}} 11. ^The Militant. Arrest Indian Trotskyists 12. ^The Militant. 4th International Holds Congress 13. ^Election Commission of India. STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1967 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL 14. ^1 Election Commission of India. STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1969 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL 15. ^1 2 Election Commission of India. STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1971 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL 16. ^{{cite book|author=Akshayakumar Ramanlal Desai|title=Violation of Democratic Rights in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0vekq6s2RyYC&pg=PA246|year=1991|publisher=Popular Prakashan|isbn=978-81-7154-529-2|page=246}} 17. ^Association for the Protection of Democratic Rights. About Us 2 : Revolutionary Communist Party of India politicians|Members of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly |
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