1. Military career

2. Political career in Romania

3. Involvement in Nazism

4. Books

5. Awards

6. Neconcordanțe

7. Note

Karl von Möller (born October 11, 1876, Vienna, died February 21, 1943)^[3] was an officer, journalist, author and politician from Banat. He was an enthusiastic supporter of Hitler's National Socialism, and in 1932 he published the antisemitic newspaper "Der Stürmer" in Timişoara, an imitation of the German Nazi publication. He was married to Margaret Jung, with whom he had two children: Karl-Heinz (1928) and Erich (1932).

Military career

After graduating from cadet school and from the Military Academy in Vienna, he was appointed as a senior state officer{{clarify|date=September 2018}}, and served in several garrisons. In 1913 he was transferred to Timişoara where he served in the 34th Infantry Division during the 1914 campaigns in Serbia and Galicia. He was then transferred again to the headquarters in Vienna. In 1916, he was promoted from Lieutenant Colonel to Commander of the 65th Infantry Regiment of Hungary. Under his command, the 65th Infantry Regiment of Hungary fought on the eastern front, and Möller was subsequently promoted to Colonel. At the end of the war, the regiment suppressed the uprising of the Republicans in Upper Hungary (now Slovakia) after which it was put in reserve by the Károlyi government.^[4]

Political career in Romania

Post World War I, Möller decided to stay back in Timişoara, where he joined the German Popular Movement of Banat (Bewegung des Banater Deutschtums), bolstering its struggle for self-affirmation. He forayed into the cultural field as a journalist{{clarify|date=September 2018}}, and later became active in politics. He held the position of editor-in-chief at Schwäbische Volkspresse (established 1921; from 1925 the Banat Deutsche Zeitung) for several years, strengthening the voice of the Swabian-German community. In September 1923 Karl von Möller actively participated in a celebration of the 200th anniversary of the migration of the Swabians organized by the Banat German Movement.

In autumn 1919 he was briefly Deputy Mayor of Timişoara, after which he was elected four times to the Romanian Parliament, in which he served between 1919 and 1927 as a representative of the Swabians in Banat. In the parliamentary debate on the 1923 Constitution of Romania on March 12, 1923, he said he was speaking on behalf of the "Banat Swabian People", declaring the Germans' loyalty to their new homeland, but demanded that the new constitution should not jeopardize the existence of minorities from a national point of view; he said the new constitution did not include the promises made to the minorities by the Romanians in Alba Iulia.^[5]

In May 1920 the "moderate" Swabians, led by Kaspar Muth, formed the Swabian Party of Autonomy, joined by Karl von Möller, Dr Joseph Gabriel, and Peter Schiff of the National Swabian-German party.^[6]

In 1927, Möller withdrew from public life and settled in Jimbolia, where he married Margaret Jung, the daughter of a wealthy farmer from the Banat. Together they had two children. Karlheinz Moeller (d. 2014) and Erich von Möller are in Australia

Involvement in Nazism

At the beginning of 1931, he returned to public life, becoming the chief editor of the German-language Jimbolia newspaper, "Hatzfelder Zeitung", and president of the local ethnic community. Möller, who adhered to Nazi ideology, tried to use these positions to popularise Nazism and prepare the Banat population for its adoption. But this attempt was thwarted, and he lost both positions by the end of 1931.

After 1930, and especially after 1933, the Nazi movement had achieved a strong position in Romania, capturing the leadership of the Germans in Romania. The initiator of the Nazi movement among the German minority was the reserve captain Fritz Fabritius. From 1931, Fabritius tried to expand the movement in Banat, finding audiences in some circles of dissatisfied and young Swabians returned from studies in Germany. At the end of 1931, Karl von Möller constituted a movement group at Jimbolia and was proclaimed the "Gauleiter" for the Banat.^[7]

After Karl von Möller became the first Gauleiter of the Banat, from July 1, 1932 he published the antisemitic newspaper "Der Stürmer" in Timişoara. It was an imitation of the publication Der Stürmer published in Germany by the German Nazi Julius Streicher who, after World War II, was sentenced to death in the first of the Nuremberg trials, found guilty of crimes against humanity and executed by hanging in 1946.^[8][9]

Möller also led the Cultural Office of the Germans in Romania (Kulturamt der Deutschen in Rumänien),^[10] established by Rudolf Brandsch to protect the cultural assets of the Germans in Romania.^[11]

In 1934 he took the lead of the Provincial Cultural Office of the Renewal Movement (Landeskulturamt der Erneuerungsbewegung) in Sibiu, where he stayed for five years, and lived until his death on February 21, 1943.

Books

• Wie die schwäbischen Gemeinden entstanden sind, Timișoara, 1923
• Karl von Möller, Die Werschetzer Tat, Der Große Brockhaus, Leipzig, 1935.
• Die Werschertzer / Ein Roman von Bauern und Reitern, Verlag Franz Eher, Nachf. Berlin, 1938
• Reiter im Grenzland, Erzählung, 1939
• Der Aufklärer – Novelle, Wien/Leipzig, Wiener Verlag, 1939
• Grenzen wandern. Ein Banater Roman, Leipzig, Amalthea-Verlag, 1940.
• Im Schatten der Exzellenz, Novellen, 1940
• Deutsches Schicksal im Banat, 1940
• Das steinerne Schachbrett (Roman), Braunschweig, Berlin, Hamburg. Georg Westermann, 1941
• Frontbriefe deutscher Arbeitskameraden 1939 – 1940, Die Lothringerin NSDAP Verlag EA 1942
• Die Salpeterer, ein Freiheitskampf deutscher Bauern, 1942
• Der Savoyer (Ein Prinz Eugen Roman), München Verlag Franz Eber Nachf. Gmbh, 1943.
• Spätsommer; Eine Geschichte aus Wien, Franz Eber, 1943
• Das Korsett der Marquise, 1944
• Die Lothringerin, Roman eines Frauenlebens zwischen zwei Nationen und zwei Zeitaltern, 1944

Awards

• Premiul Kurt Faber ( Kurt Faber Prize ), 1938^[12]

Neconcordanțe

The birth date for Karl von Möller is different from various sources, however the family has confirmed his birth as 1876: 1867,^[13] 1876

Note

• Guchi
• Guchi, Hormozgan
• Guchi, Iran
• Guchkan
• Guchundeka'
• Gu Chunli
• Guci
• Guckeen, Minnesota
• Guckenheimer Warehouse
• Guckert
• Guckkasten
• Guclu
• Guclu, Demirozu
• Guclukoy, Akseki
• Gucunkaya, Aksaray
• Gucun Park (Shanghai Metro)
• GUCY1A2 (gene)
• GUCY1A3 (gene)
• GUCY1B3 (gene)
• GUCY2C (gene)
• GUCY2F
• GUCY2F (gene)
• Gudadur, Belgaum
• Gudaf Tsegay
• Guda Guda Community