| 词条 | Karl Wilhelm Jerusalem |
| 释义 |
Karl Wilhelm Jerusalem (21 March 1747 - 30 October 1772) was a German lawyer. His suicide in Wetzlar became the model for that of The Sorrows of Young Werther by Goethe. LifeHe was born in Wolfenbüttel to the Lutheran natural theologian Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Jerusalem. He attended Leipzig University, where he met but did not like Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.[1] He then became a legation secretary to the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. He studied litigation at the Reichskammergericht in Wetzlar, where he again met Goethe and Johann Christian Kestner. His middle-class background meant that he was not respected by the nobility and often clashed with his superiors. Like Goethe in Frankfurt, he found little or no job satisfaction in everyday legal work. Jerusalem also fell in love with the countess Elisabeth Herd, already engaged to a Palatinate legation secretary. With a broken heart, he shot himself in his apartment at 5 Schillerplatz in Wetzlar (now a house-museum named the 'Jerusalemhaus') on 29 October 1772 and died the following day. Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's tragedy Emilia Galotti was afterwards found on Jerusalem's table. {{blockquote|... tormented by unfulfilled passions, in no way externally stimulated to meaningful actions, in the sole prospect of having to stand our ground in a sluggish, mindless bourgeois life, we became friends with thought, with life, when it is no longer one of us, after it leaves us no more than an intention to leave it at one's own discretion[2]}}After Werther came out, Lessing wrote a sharp polemic protesting against Goethe's presentation of Jerusalem's "Philosophische Aufsätze" ("Philosophical Essays"), one of which was a defence of suicide[3] Lessing particularly objected to his presentation of his friend Jerusalem as a "sentimental fool" whereas Lessing saw him as a "true, reflective philosopher".[4] Works
Bibliography
External links (in German)
References1. ^{{de icon}} Beer (ed.): Philosophische Aufsätze von Karl Wilhelm Jerusalem. 1900, S. IV. {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Jerusalem, Karl Wilhelm}}2. ^{{de icon}} Goethe, Dichtung und Wahrheit In: Berliner Ausgabe. Bd. 13, Berlin 1960. 3. ^{{de icon}} Beer (ed.): Philosophische Aufsätze von Karl Wilhelm Jerusalem. 1900, S. IV. 4. ^{{de icon}} Beer (ed.): Philosophische Aufsätze von Karl Wilhelm Jerusalem. 1900, S. V. 9 : 1747 births|1772 deaths|Suicides by firearm in Germany|German lawyers|18th-century German philosophers|People from Wolfenbüttel|Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|The Sorrows of Young Werther|18th-century German writers |
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