| 词条 | Kate Frank |
| 释义 |
| name = Kate Frank | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1890|02|05}} | birth_place = Missouri | death_date = April 1982 | death_place = Muskogee, Oklahoma | nationality = American | other_names = | occupation = educator, activist | years_active = 1909–1956 | known_for = establishing the Oklahoma Education Association legal defense fund | notable_works = }} Kate Frank (February 5, 1890 – April 1982) was a Missouri-born, Oklahoma teacher who taught for nearly 50 years. She was instrumental in the founding of the Oklahoma Education Association, served as its first president, and later, donated the initial monies for the trust that became a legal defense fund for educators. She served as vice president of the National Education Association in the 1940s and was the first national Retired Teacher of the Year recipient. Honored by many awards, she was inducted into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame in 1983. BiographyKate Frank was born on February 5, 1890,[1] on a farm in Missouri.[2] By the age of 18, she was teaching eight grades in a one-room school house for a Missouri mining town, but moved to Oklahoma around the end of World War I.[3] Frank was hired as one of the inaugural teachers for West Junior High School, which opened in 1920 in Muskogee,[4] and taught there through 1923.[5] She received a bachelor's degree from Southwest Teachers College in Springfield, Missouri in 1924,[6] and later earned a master's degree from the University of Missouri. After several years at West, Frank moved to Muskogee's Central High School, where she taught business education.[7] In the 1930s, Frank served as president of the Muskogee Classroom Teachers Department,[8] later the Muskogee Classroom Teacher's Association.[9] In 1934, she became one of the founders of the state classroom teacher's association[10] and by 1936, she was serving as the president of the Oklahoma Education Association (OEA),[11][12] as the first person[10] and woman elected to head the organization.[13] As president, Frank began a series of studies to evaluate classroom organization,[12] teacher pay, school revenues,[11] and tenure, though the proposals for change were not approved by the state legislature.[14] Frank was elected to serve as vice president of the National Education Association (NEA) in 1942,[15] and though re-elected to the post in 1943,[9] she was fired by the Muskogee School Board. Although Frank was never given a specific reason for the termination,[10] it was widely reported that it was for failure to back a specific candidate in a school board election and for her previous agitation for teacher pay guarantees. She took the case to court and was backed by the NEA, which raised funds to pay her salary while suspended.[16][17] She was reinstated in 1945 and returned the unused money collected in her behalf to the NEA. The monies were used to establish a fund now called the Kate Frank/DuShane Legal Services Program, as a defense fund for teachers needing help in legal matters concerning their employment.[10] Even after her reinstatement, Frank continued to fight for improved benefits for teachers, including health insurance and paid sick leave.[3] In 1950, she was selected by Yale and Michigan State Universities for a study tour in Europe to evaluate European educational systems.[18] Frank retired from teaching in 1956, having taught for 47 years,[19] but continued her advocacy, arguing for senior citizens' rights. In 1961, she was appointed by Governor J. Howard Edmondson to serve on the state Teacher’s Retirement System Board of Trustees,[20] on which she continued to serve for ten years. That same year, she attended the White House Conference on Aging and began promoting a teacher's retirement home while in Washington, D.C.[7] The following year, Frank obtained a loan from the Federal Housing Administration to build the first high-rise apartment building in Muskogee, Oklahoma,[3] as a residence for retired teachers.[7] The apartments are now open to any senior citizen above age 62, who is still ambulatory[7] and offers subsidies from the Oklahoma Department of Rehabilitation Services for rent.[32] Frank received multiple awards and recognition at the local, state, and national levels. In Muskogee, there is a street named after her, "Kate Frank Drive";[21] "Kate Frank Manor", the apartment high-rise for which she lobbied bears her name;[22][23] and the OEA annual award for service excellence is named in her honor.[24] In 1972 Frank was the first honoree[7] to receive the National Retired Teacher of the Year Award, which she accepted from first lady Pat Nixon.[25] In 1979 she was named as the Outstanding Older Oklahoman by Governor George Nigh, for her work in helping to found the American Association of Retired Persons[13] and in 1983, she was inducted into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame, posthumously. Frank died in April 1982, in Muskogee, Oklahoma.[1] References1. ^1 {{cite web|title=United States Social Security Death Index: Kate Frank|url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J1KS-JYC|website=FamilySearch|publisher=Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|accessdate=19 December 2015|date=1982}} {{Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Frank, Kate}}2. ^{{cite web|title=United States Census, 1930|url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XCW6-2YK|website=FamilySearch|publisher=Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|accessdate=19 December 2015|location=Muskogee, Oklahoma|page=ED 45, 5A|date=7 April 1930|quote=Kate Frank; Female; age 40; Single; White; Lodger; Birth 1890; Place of birth: Missouri; Teacher}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite news|last1=Mullins|first1=Jonita|title=Courageous teacher broke ground|url=http://www.muskogeephoenix.com/news/courageous-teacher-broke-ground/article_ea9f3543-4cfb-5464-8104-4b18bec079be.html|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=Muskogee Phoenix|date=April 26, 2015|location=Muskogee, Oklahoma}} 4. ^{{cite news|title=New Junior H.S. Will Be Opened on October 1st|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854181/muskogee_timesdemocrat/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=Muskogee Times-Democrat|date=25 September 1920|location=Muskogee, Oklahoma|page=12|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 5. ^{{cite news|title=Teachers Elected for Public Schools|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854075/teachers_elected_for_public_schools/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=Muskogee Times-Democrat|date=6 May 1922|location=Muskogee, Oklahoma|page=3|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=99 Diplomas and 136 Teacher Certificates Will Be Awarded August 5|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3853915/springfield_missouri_republican/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=The Springfield Missouri Republican|date=20 July 1924|location=Springfield, Missouri|page=7|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|title=Only in Oklahoma: Kate Frank retired but never quit|url=http://cloud-computing.tmcnet.com/news/2007/04/23/2540152.htm|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=Tulsa World|date=23 April 2007|location=Tulsa, Oklahoma}} 8. ^{{cite news|title=County Teachers Meet in Checotah Friday, Dec. 13th|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854141/the_indian_journal/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=The Indian Journal|date=12 December 1935|location=Eufaula, Oklahoma|page=1|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 9. ^1 {{cite news|title=Teacher is Honored|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854548/teacher_is_honored_miami_daily/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=The Miami Daily News-Record|date=30 June 1943|location=Miami, Oklahoma|page=1|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 10. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal|last1=Wilkinson|first1=Richard|title=Muskogee's Kate Frank started the Association's long legal history|journal=The Education Focus|date=January 2015|url=http://okea.org/assets/files/From-Your-Counsel-archive/OEAs-Legal-History.pdf|accessdate=19 December 2015|publisher=Oklahoma Education Association|location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma}} 11. ^1 {{cite news|title=Teachers Plan Tax Levy Legislation|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854731/teachers_plan_tax_levy_legislation/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=Miami Daily News Record|date=2 October 1936|location=Miami, Oklahoma|page=4|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 12. ^1 {{cite news|title=Committee to Study State School Setup|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854657/miami_daily_newsrecord/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=The Miami Daily News-Record|date=5 May 1937|location=Miami, Oklahoma|page=6|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 13. ^1 {{cite news|title=2 Seniors Honored at Meeting|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854414/2_seniors_honored_at_meeting_the_daily/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=The Daily Oklahoman|date=11 May 1979|location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma|page=119|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 14. ^{{cite news|title=Teacher Tenure Act Held in Committee|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854803/miami_daily_newsrecord/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=The Miami Daily News Record|date=1 April 1941|location=Miami, Oklahoma|page=5|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=Ratner Urges Pensions Plan to NEA|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854767/ratner_urges_pensions_plan_to_nea_the/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=The Salt Lake Tribune|date=3 July 1942|location=Salt Lake City, Utah|page=3|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 16. ^{{cite news|title=Education and the Public: The Kate Frank Case|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854368/the_gazette_and_daily/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=The Gazette and Daily|date=11 July 1944|location=York, Pennsylvania|page=13|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 17. ^{{cite news|title=Case of Muskogee Teacher Reviewed|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854571/case_of_muskogee_teacher_reviewed/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=The Miami Daily News-Record|date=6 July 1944|location=Miami, Oklahoma|page=4|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 18. ^{{cite news|title=Muskogee Teacher Chosen for Tour|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854478/muskogee_teacher_chosen_for_tour_the/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=The Miami Daily News-Record|date=24 March 1950|location=Miami, Oklahoma|page=1|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 19. ^{{cite news|title=Kate Frank|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854326/kate_frank_the_times_standard_eureka/|accessdate=19 December 2015|agency=UPI|work=The Times Standard|date=18 October 1972|location=Eureka, California|page=27|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=Appointments of 3 Receive Approval|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3854589/appointments_of_3_receive_approval/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=The Miami Daily News-Record|date=14 February 1961|location=Miami, Oklahoma|page=5|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} 21. ^{{cite web|title=Kate Frank Drive, Muskogee, Oklahoma|url=http://www.cartogiraffe.com/united+states+of+america/oklahoma/muskogee+county/muskogee/kate+frank+drive/|publisher=Cartogiraffe|accessdate=19 December 2015}} 22. ^1 {{cite web|title=Kate Frank Manor|url=http://www.okdrs.org/drupal/guide/kate-frank-manor|publisher=Oklahoma Department of Rehabilitation Services|accessdate=19 December 2015|location=Oklahoma City, Okahoma}} 23. ^{{cite web|title=Kate Frank Apartment Homes|url=http://www.katefrankapartments.com/|publisher=Kate Frank Apartment Homes|accessdate=19 December 2015|location=Muskogee, Oklahoma}} 24. ^{{cite web|title=Oklahoma Education Association Kate Frank Award|url=http://okea.org/assets/files/Kate-Frank-Award.pdf|publisher=Oklahoma Education Association|accessdate=19 December 2015|location=Oklahoma City, Oklahoma}} 25. ^{{cite news|last1=LaHay|first1=Wauhillau|title=Former Teacher Pat Nixon Honors Former Teacher Kate Frank of Okla.|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/profile/susun-wilkinson/clipnumber/23362/|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=Albuquerque Tribune|date=October 19, 1972|location=Albuquerque, New Mexico|page=43|via = Newspaperarchive.com}} {{open access}} 8 : 1890 births|1982 deaths|People from Muskogee, Oklahoma|American women educators|Elder rights activists|Missouri State University alumni|University of Missouri alumni|Education activists |
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