| 词条 | Kedrinos Lofos |
| 释义 |
Flora and faunaThe forest hosts 277 plant species, among which pine trees (Pinus brutia, Pinus pinea, and Pinus halepensis) are dominant. There are also scattered cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), plane trees (Platanus orientalis), and many species of Populus.[2] Kedrinos Lofos is also home to a rich variety of fauna. Mammals include hares, foxes, martens, squirrels, weasels, and hedgehogs. Around 80 types of birds frequent the forest, chief among them the short-toed snake eagle, the common cuckoo, nightingales, the rock partridge, owls, and the song thrush. Salamanders, frogs, turtles, grass snakes, and lizards are the most common amphibians and reptiles.[3]{{wide image|Thessaloniki view.jpg|1500px|align-cap=center|Panoramic view of the city from Kedrinos Lofos with Mount Olympus in the background.}} EtymologyThe southwestern portion of the forest was originally called Chilia Dentra ({{lang-el|Χίλια Δέντρα}}), or Thousand Trees, as it was one of the parts that was spared deforestation during the Ottoman period.{{citation needed|date=September 2018}} It was during the Ottoman period that the area received the name {{nastaliq|شهیح سو}}, or Şeyh Su in the modern Turkish alphabet, meaning {{em|the Sheikh's Water}}. The name is derived from a spring located near a mausoleum within the forest. The name has since entered the Greek language as {{em|Seich Sou}} (Σέιχ Σου). It received its current name of Kedrinos Lofos ({{lang-el|Κεδρηνός Λόφος}}), or Cedar Hill, in 1987 when a local poet, George Vafopoulos, suggested it in Thessaloniki's city council.[4] The name Kedrinos is a play on a Byzantine-era historian, George Kedrenos, who wrote extensively on the forest and on the word 'cedar'. HistoryOriginally, the area was an oak (primarily Quercus pubescens) forest that was the source of all the rivers that ran through the city of Thessaloniki and ultimately emptied into the Thermaic Gulf.[4] During the Ottoman era, logging, grazing, and farming contributed to the deforestation of the area.[3] In 1921, a decision was made to reforest the area by the Hellenic Ministry of Agriculture. This project was undertaken by the Forestry School of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, which planted nearly 5 million trees between 1929 and 1989.[3] In 1982 a small fire broke out in the forest.[4] On July 7, 1997, a large fire broke out and burned 55% of the forest down over a period of 60 hours.[2] Two large reforestation projects took place in 1998 and 2000, but most of the reforestation has been natural. As of 2010, 36.4% still remains clear of trees. SitesThe forest is home to Thessaloniki's main zoo, its natural history museum, two amphitheatrical open-air theaters overlooking the city (Theatro Dasous or Forest Theater and Theatro Gaias or Earth Theater), hiking and biking trails, and two lookout points that overlook the city. IssuesThe pine trees have suffered from an infestation of the pine processionary, which has led to defoliation and to calls for greater variety in the forest's flora.[4] Thessaloniki's heavily congested ring road abuts the southern side of the forest. References1. ^{{cite web |author1=Stefanos Ioakeimidis |author2=Dimitris Kaimaris |title=Observation of the Changes and the Degradation of the Forests after the Fire with the Use of Remote Sensing and GIS: Study of the Suburban Forest of Seich Sou, Thessaloniki, Greece |url=https://www.gnest.org/proceedings/cest2013/public_html/papers/0116.pdf |website=The Global Network on Environmental Science and Technology |accessdate=2 September 2018}} {{coord|40.6387664|22.9920734|display=title}}2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.eproceedings.org/static/vol11_1/11_1_vrania1.pdf|title=Mapping the Peri-Urban Forest of Thessaloniki after the Big Fire of 1997 Using Ikonos Imagery|website=European Association of Remote Sensing Laboratories|publisher=Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Forestry, Laboratory of Forest Management and Remote Sensing Thessaloniki}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite journal|date=Winter 2008|title=Το Σειχ Σου|journal=Όλυμπος|volume=148|page=35}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |title=Προστατευτικός ρόλος του δάσους του Σέιχ Σου. Ανασύνταξη και ανασχεδιασμός υποδομών. Σύνδεση με την πόλη. |url=https://ikee.lib.auth.gr/record/282743/files/GRI-2016-16420.pdf |publisher=Aristotle University of Thessaloniki |accessdate=2 September 2018}} 2 : Forests of Greece|Geography of Thessaloniki (regional unit) |
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