| 词条 | Kendara |
| 释义 |
|name=Kendara |names=Kendera |image=Kendara, traditional instrument from Odisha.jpg |image_capt=Sn old Kendara in display at Odisha State Museum, Bhubaneswar. |background=string |hornbostel_sachs=321.322-71 |hornbostel_sachs_desc=Composite chordophone sounded by a bow |developed= |range= |related=
|musicians= |builders= }} The Kendara is a wooden string instrument. The kendara has one string and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its string.[1] They are mostly played traditionally by jogis, people who would go from door to door with a dried gourd container to keep rice, and a kendara to play while singing, and accept food as alms.[2] They are rarely used in genres of folk including country music. The folk genre of music played in a kendara is known as kendara gita.[3][4][5][6] The instrument rose to popularity during 12th century when Sanskrit was made the official language of the then Utkala Kingdom but the common people did not understand, but the jogis were performing folk songs.[7] Kendara is often tied to Natha, a particular sect of the jogis that play the most popular variation of kendara. The other variation is known as "majhi kendara" and is played by the Santhal people in Odisha.[8][9] References1. ^{{cite book|author1=Bruno Nettl|author2=James Porter|author3=Timothy Rice|title=The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: South Asia : the Indian subcontinent|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZOlNv8MAXIEC&pg=PA983|year=1998|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-8240-4946-1|pages=983–}} 2. ^{{cite book|author1=Mohan Behera|author2=Tribal and Harijan Research-cum-Training Institute (Bhubaneswar, India)|title=The Jayantira Pano: a scheduled caste community of Orissa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ITWAAAAIAAJ|year=1991|publisher=Tribal and Harijan Research-cum-Training Institute}} 3. ^{{cite book|author1=Priyambada Mohanty Hejmadi|author2=Ahalya Hejmadi Patnaik|title=Odissi, an Indian classical dance form|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PSD0AAAAMAAJ|date=1 January 2007|publisher=Aryan Books International|isbn=978-81-7305-324-5}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Jyoshnarani Behera|title=Political Socialization of Women: A Study of Teenager Girls|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UJr97JZXJPcC&pg=PA82|year=1997|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist|isbn=978-81-85495-21-7|pages=82–}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=Orissa (India)|title=Orissa District Gazetteers: Sambalpur|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XTduAAAAMAAJ|publisher=Superintendent, Orissa Government Press}} 6. ^{{Cite book|url=http://dsalsrv02.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.10:8421.praharaj|title=Purnachandra Ordiya Bhashakosha|last=Praharaj|first=Gopal Chandra|publisher=Utkal Sahitya Press|year=1931|isbn=|location=Vuttack|pages=|quote=ଭିକମଗା ଉତ୍କଳୀଯ ୟୋଗୀଙ୍କ ବୀଣା—1. A one-stringed fiddle (horse-hair-stringed instrument) used by J̄ogī-beggars of Orissa.|via=}} 7. ^{{cite book|author=B. B. Jena|title=Orissa, people, culture, and polity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4zNuAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Kalyani Publishers}} 8. ^{{cite book|title=Folk Culture: Folk music & dance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_2lDAAAAYAAJ|date=1983|publisher=Institute of Oriental and Orissan Studies}} 9. ^{{cite book|author1=Indu Bhusan Kar|author2=Durga Charan Panda|title=Art Heritage of Orissa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a_WAAAAMAAJ|year=1997|publisher=Advanced Centre for Indological Studies}} 5 : Indian musical instruments|Stringed percussion instruments|Plucked membranophones|String instrument stubs|Indian music stubs |
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