| 词条 | Kom–Emine |
| 释义 |
|name=Kom–Emine |photo=Map of the European Long Distance Path E3.png |caption=Kom–Emine forms the Bulgarian section of the E3 European long distance path |location= Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria |length={{convert|650|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}[1] |highest=Botev Peak, {{convert|2376|m|ft|abbr=on}} |lowest=Cape Emine, {{convert|61|m|ft|abbr=on}} }}Kom–Emine ({{lang-bg|„Ком – Емине“}}), known during the socialist era as the Friendship Route ({{lang-bg|„Маршрут на дружбата“}}, „Marshrut na druzhbata“), is a high-mountain long-distance trail in Bulgaria. The route follows the main ridge of the Balkan Mountains, which bisect the country and give the Balkan Peninsula its name. Beginning at Kom Peak ({{convert|2016|m|ft|abbr=on}}) in the west near the border with Serbia, Kom–Emine continues east for some {{convert|650|km|mi|abbr=on}} until it reaches the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast at Cape Emine.[1][2] Due to its length and altitude, Kom–Emine counts among Europe's longest uninterrupted high-mountain trails; it is Bulgaria's longest, oldest and most famous hiking trail.[3] Kom–Emine forms part of the wider E3 European long distance path.[1][4] The trail's average elevation is {{convert|735|m|ft|abbr=on}}. The middle section, Kom–Emine's highest, coincides with the Central Balkan National Park and regularly rises above {{convert|2000|m|ft|abbr=on}}.[2] The highest point of the trail is Botev Peak ({{convert|2376|m|ft|abbr=on}}), which is also the highest summit of the Balkan Mountains.[1] In total, around 100 individual peaks are either summited or circumvented.[5] Typically, the Kom–Emine hike takes 20 to 25 days to complete. The route is marked by white-red-white paint markings and around 30 mountain huts provide accommodation to hikers. Summer is the preferred season to walk Kom–Emine, though the lowest, eastern parts of the trail can get uncomfortably hot.[1] The trail was first successfully traversed in 1933 by the hiking pioneer Pavel Deliradev, though a route along the entire Balkan Mountains had already been conceived by writer Aleko Konstantinov, who was unable to embark on the hike before his assassination. The first mass through-hike was done in 1953 and the first winter crossing on ski followed in 1961.[5] Bulgarian extreme runner Kiril Nikolov holds the record for the fastest crossing of Kom–Emine. In August 2015, he completed the route in 4 days, 13 hours, 5 minutes and 30 seconds.[4] Gallery{{Gallery|width=160 | height=170 |align=center |File:Kom stara planina IMG 8147.jpg |alt1=Kom Peak at Kom–Emine's western terminus |Kom Peak at Kom–Emine's western terminus |File:Централен Балкан.jpg |alt2=Kom–Emine follows the main ridge of the Balkan Mountains within the Central Balkan National Park |Kom–Emine follows the main ridge of the Balkan Mountains within the Central Balkan National Park |File:Botev Peak.jpg |alt3=Botev Peak, Kom–Emine's highest point |Botev Peak, Kom–Emine's highest point |File:Cape-emine-dinev.jpg |alt4=Cape Emine and the Black Sea at Kom–Emine's eastern terminus |Cape Emine and the Black Sea at Kom–Emine's eastern terminus }} References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://bulguides.com/long-distance-paths/|title=European Long Distance Walking Paths in Bulgaria|last=Grancharov|first=Lyuben|date=2011|publisher=Hiking Guide Bulgaria|accessdate=15 February 2016}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://visitcentralbalkan.net/en/pages/read/t:tourism/c:itinerary/s:hiking/p:information-1/o:international-hiking-trail-e3-kom-emine|title=International Hiking Trail E3 – Kom – Emine|publisher=Central Balkan National Park|accessdate=15 February 2016}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Цветанов|first=Момчил|title=Българските планини|publisher=Домино|date=2014|page=293|isbn=9789546512499|language=Bulgarian}} 4. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.novinite.com/articles/170593/Bulgarian+Mountain+Runner+Sets+New+Record+on+Completing+Kom-Emine+Hike|title=Bulgarian Mountain Runner Sets New Record on Completing Kom-Emine Hike|work=Novinite.com|accessdate=15 February 2016}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.planinite.info/Mejdunarodni_marshruti/Kom_Emine/Kom_Emine.htm|title=От връх Ком до нос Емине (Е-3)|last=Новаков|first=Красимир|date=2008|publisher=Planinite.info|language=Bulgarian|accessdate=15 February 2016}} External links
4 : Balkan mountains|European long-distance paths|Hiking trails in Bulgaria|1930s establishments in Bulgaria |
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