| 词条 | K. Pathmanabha |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = K. Pathmanabha | honorific_suffix = | native_name = க. பத்மநாபா | native_name_lang = ta | image = K. Pathmanabha.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1951|11|19|df=yes}} | birth_place = | death_date = {{Death date and age|1990|06|19|1951|11|19|df=yes}} | death_place = Kodambakam, Madras, India | residence = | nationality = Sri Lankan | other_names = Ranjan | citizenship = | education = | alma_mater = | occupation = | years_active = –1990 | organization = Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front | known_for = | title = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents = | relatives = | signature = | signature_alt = | signature_size = | website = | footnotes = | box_width = }} Kandasamy Pathmanabha ({{lang-ta|கந்தசாமி பத்மநாபா}}; 19 November 1951 – 19 June 1990) was a Sri Lankan Tamil rebel and founder/leader of the Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front (EPRLF), a separatist Tamil militant organisation in Sri Lanka. Early lifePathmanabha was born on 19 November 1951.[1][2] He was from Kankesanthurai in northern Ceylon.[2] Pathmanabha became interested in radical politics in the late 1960s. He was one of the members of the Tamil Student Federation/Tamil Students' League which was formed in 1972 as a reaction to the discriminatory Policy of standardisation.[3] The 1974 Tamil conference incident further radicalised Pathmanabha.[1] ELOIn 1974/75 Pathmanabha and others founded the Eelam Liberation Organisation (Eela Viduthalai Iyakkam) (ELO).[4] On 10 May 1976 the ELO robbed the Puloly Multi-purpose Cooperative Society's bank in Puloly.[5] Pathmanabha was personally involved in the robbery.[4] Others involved in the robbery included Varatharaja Perumal (later Chief Minister of North Eastern Province), V. Balakumaran (later leader of the Eelam Revolutionary Organisation of Students) and S. Thavaraja (later an Eelam People's Democratic Party MP and leader of the opposition on the Northern Provincial Council).[6][7] After the robbery Pathmanabha went on the run whilst the ELO disintegrated due to the security crackdown.[4] GUES/EROSPathmanabha moved to London in 1976 to study accountancy.[1] Here he met with other Tamils who shared his views. Together they formed the General Union of Eelam Students (GUES) and the Eelam Revolutionary Organisation of Students (EROS).[4] Said Hammami, the Palestine Liberation Organization's representative in London, helped a small group Tamils including Pathmanabha take military training in the Lebanon.[1][4] In 1978 he went to India to establish a base for GUES/EROS.[4] He then returned to Sri Lanka but the security forces were still looking for him so he had to travel in disguise.[1][4] EPRLFPathmanabha and other members, including Douglas Devananda, Varatharaja Perumal and Suresh Premachandran, left the EROS in 1981 and formed their own militant group which would come to be known as the Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front (EPRLF).[4] Pathmanabha moved to Kodambakam, Madras, India in 1981 to establish the new group.[1] In December 1986 the rival Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) attacked the EPRLF in Sri Lanka, inflicting a heavy losses and killing Gaffoor, the EPRLF's military commander.[8][9] Many EPRLF cadres were killed or taken prisoner and EPRLF camps and weapons were seized by the LTTE.[8][9] Devananda was blamed for the debacle.[8] The LTTE's animosity against the EPRLF, which it considered to be pro-India, increased following the outbreak of fighting between the LTTE and the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) in October 1987.[10] The LTTE called for a boycott of the 1998 North Eastern Provincial Council election, stating that anyone who contested would be labelled a traitor and punished.[10] The EPRLF nevertheless contested and, with the connivance of the IPKF, secured 41 of the 71 seats on the North Eastern Provincial Council.[11] Varatharaja Perumal became the first (and only) Chief Minister of North Eastern Province.[10] On 1 March 1990, just as the IPKF were preparing to withdraw from Sri Lanka, Perumal moved a motion in the North Eastern Provincial Council declaring an independent Eelam.[12] Fearful of the consequences once the IPKF had pulled out, the EPRLF leadership fled to India.[10][13] On 11 March 1990 Pathmanabha was flown from Trincomalee to Bhubaneswar in an Indian military aircraft.[13] President Ranasinghe Premadasa imposed direct rule on the North Eastern province on 25 March 1990.[14] On the evening of 19 June 1990 the EPRLF central committee were meeting at a flat at the Zachria Colony in Kodambakam.[15][16] At around 7pm gunmen broke into the flat and started firing.[15] Eight people including Pathmanabha, Member of Parliament G. Yogasangari and provincial minister P. Kirubakaran were killed.[15][16][17] Five EPRLF cadres waiting outside the block of flats were also killed.[15] The assassination was blamed on the rival rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.[15][16][18] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|last1=Swamy|first1=M.R. Narayan|title=A Sri Lankan Tamil who could have made a difference|url=https://in.news.yahoo.com/sri-lankan-tamil-could-made-difference-043347536.html|work=Yahoo! News|agency=Indo-Asian News Service|date=19 November 2011}} {{Sri Lankan Civil War}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Pathmanabha, K.}}2. ^1 {{cite web|title=Comrade Pathmanabha Our Leader and Mentor|url=http://dbsjeyaraj.com/dbsj/archives/35069|publisher=dbsjeyaraj.com/EPRLF Central Committee|date=18 November 2014}} 3. ^{{cite news|title=A history unlikely to be repeated|url=http://www.ceylontoday.lk/45-32472-news-detail-a-history-unlikely-to-be-repeated.html|newspaper=Ceylon Today|date=16 May 2013}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite journal|last1=Jayatilleka|first1=Dayan|authorlink1=Dayan Jayatilleka|title=K. Pathmanaba: Political Philosophy and Praxis|journal=Lanka Guardian|date=15 August 1990|volume=13|issue=8|pages=16–19|url=http://noolaham.net/project/79/7853/7853.pdf}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Rajasingham|first=K. T.|title=Sri Lanka: The Untold Story|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DA26Df04.html|chapter=Chapter 24: Tamil militancy - a manifestation}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=LTTE Seniors Balakumaran, 8 other hardcore in police custody|url=http://www.asiantribune.com/node/21366|work=Asian Tribune|date=12 June 2009}} 7. ^{{cite news|last1=Jayadevan|first1=Rajasingham|title=Hypocrisy of Paramilitary Leader Douglas Devananda|url=http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2013/08/hypocrisy-of-paramilitary-leader.html|work=Sri Lanka Guardian|date=4 August 2013}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite news|last1=Jeyaraj|first1=D. B. S.|authorlink1=D. B. S. Jeyaraj|title=The Dougles Devananda phenomenon|url=http://www.thesundayleader.lk/archive/20011118/issues.htm|work=The Sunday Leader|date=18 November 2001}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|title=Report No. 1 - Appendix 1: The Snares of Violence|url=http://www.uthr.org/Reports/Report1/Appendix1.htm|publisher=University Teachers for Human Rights|date=January 1989}} 10. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|title=End of a trial: Padmanabha murder case|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/971123/news3.html|work=The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)|date=23 November 1997}} 11. ^{{cite journal|title=Election Results|journal=Tamil Times|date=December 1988|volume=VIII|issue=1|page=4|url=http://noolaham.net/project/34/3317/3317.pdf|issn=0266-4488}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.priu.gov.lk/news_update/features/20000912no_traitor.htm|title=I'm no traitor, says Perumal|last=Ferdinando|first=Shamindra|date=10 September 2000|publisher=Sunday Island (Sri Lanka)}} 13. ^1 {{cite journal|title=Chief Minister Flees as IPKF Pulls Out|journal=Tamil Times|date=15 March 1990|volume=IX|issue=4|page=5|url=http://noolaham.net/project/34/3332/3332.pdf|issn=0266-4488}} 14. ^{{cite journal|title=President Orders Direct Rule Over N-E Council|journal=Tamil Times|date=15 April 1990|volume=IX|issue=5|page=7|url=http://noolaham.net/project/34/3333/3333.pdf|issn=0266-4488}} 15. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal|last=Parthasarathy|first=R.|title=A Massacre in Madras|journal=Tamil Times|date=15 July 1990|volume=IX|issue=8|page=9|url=http://noolaham.net/project/34/3336/3336.pdf|issn=0266-4488}} 16. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last=Subramanian |first=T. S. |title=Chronicle of murders |journal=Frontline |date=14 August 1999 |volume=16 |issue=17 |url=http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl1617/16171020.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110123525/http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl1617/16171020.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=10 November 2012 |issn=0970-1710 }} 17. ^{{cite book|last=Rajasingham|first=K. T.|title=Sri Lanka: The Untold Story|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DF15Df01.html|chapter=Chapter 44: Eelam war - again}} 18. ^{{cite news|last=Jeyaraj|first=D. B. S.|title=Assassinating Tamil Parliamentarians: The unceasing waves|url=http://www.nation.lk/2008/03/16/newsfe1.htm|newspaper=The Nation (Sri Lanka)|date=16 March 2008|authorlink=D. B. S. Jeyaraj}} 7 : 1951 births|1990 deaths|Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front militants|Eelam Revolutionary Organisation of Students militants|People from Northern Province, Sri Lanka|People killed during the Sri Lankan Civil War|Sri Lankan Tamil rebels |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。