| 词条 | Ladder of the Tyrians |
| 释义 |
| name = Ladder of Tyre | image = | caption = | foundation = | founded_by = | district = north | council = | affiliation = | popyear = | population = | population_footnotes= | pushpin_map = Israel northwest | pushpin_mapsize = 250 | coordinates = {{coord|33|5|34.21|N|35|6|15.869|E|display=inline,title}} | palgrid= | website = }} Ladder of Tyre (Aramaic: Sûlama de Ṣôr), ({{lang-gr| ̔Η κλίμαξ Τύρου}}), also known as the Ladder of the Tyrians and the Promontory of Tyre, is a geographical feature mentioned in Greek and Hebrew sources, distinguished by a littoral mountainous range, the highest point of which is distant {{convert|18.5|km}} north of Acre in northern Israel. The range stretches beyond Tyre in southern Lebanon. Along its Mediterranean coastline, the Ladder of Tyre skirts an area of about five miles wide at its greatest width, and is distinguished by capes that jut westward into the sea from the ridge which runs parallel to the general line of the coast. These capes project more than a mile into the sea, and rise precipitously at a mean elevation of {{convert|250|ft|m|}} above sea level. The Ladder of Tyre is mentioned in the Babylonian Talmud,[1] in the Jerusalem Talmud,[2] and in the First Book of Maccabees (11:59). According to the Babylonian Talmud, the waters of the region were formerly known for the marine mollusk (Murex), harvested for its blue-dye.[3][4] The 1st-century historian Josephus puts 100 stadia (c. 11½ mi.; 18½ km.) from the north of Acre to the highest point (massif) in the promontory known as the Ladder of Tyre.[5] This high place is now associated with Râs en-Nakûrah (Scala Tyriorum), and which marked the southern pass into Phoenicia proper, and formed the boundary between that country and Palestine.[6][7][8] According to Josephus, a place nearby was also known for its fine, crystalline sand used in glass making. A. Neubauer thought that the Ladder of Tyre was to be identified with Cape Blanco (Ras el-Abyad), about {{convert|9.6|km}} north of Râs en-Nakûrah and belonging to the same mountain range.[9]References1. ^Shabbat 26a; Betza 25b 2. ^Baba Kama, ch. IV; Abod. Zar. 1:9 3. ^Babylonian Talmud (Shabbat 26a), which reads: "Said R. Jose: [What is meant by], 'And Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard left certain of the poor of the land for kormim and for yogvim?' (Jeremiah 52:16). Kormim, these are they who harvest the balsam from Ein Gedi to Ramatha; Yogvim, these are they that harvest the marine mollusk from the Ladder of Tyre to Haifa." 4. ^Jensen (1963), p. 106; Cf. Safrai, et al. (1976), p. [https://books.google.co.il/books?id=5eZ5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA676&dq=Pliny+ladder+of+Tyre&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjMn6CgvrTgAhUnuqQKHdbNAlcQ6AEIOjAD#v=onepage&q&f=false 676] 5. ^Josephus, De Bello Judaico (The Jewish War) [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148%3Abook%3D2%3Awhiston+chapter%3D10%3Awhiston+section%3D2 2.10.2] 6. ^Kitto (1865), p. [https://books.google.co.il/books?id=RL1PpJ7130EC&pg=PA769&dq=Pliny+ladder+of+Tyre&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjMn6CgvrTgAhUnuqQKHdbNAlcQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q&f=false 769] 7. ^Conder (1881), pp. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp01conduoft#page/191/mode/1up 191–192] 8. ^Guérin (1880), pp. [https://archive.org/details/descriptiongogr00gugoog/page/n206/mode/2up 167–168] 9. ^Neubauer (1868), p. 39 Bibliography
External links
7 : Landforms of the Middle East|Landforms of Israel|Landforms of Lebanon|Geology of Lebanon|Geology of Israel|Physiographic provinces|Classical sites in Israel |
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