| 词条 | Lake Richmond |
| 释义 |
|frame=yes |frame-width=250 |frame-height=405 |zoom=13 |text=Lake Richmond is a freshwater lake in Rockingham, Western Australia, less than {{convert|1|km|abbr=on}} from the coast. |type=shape |stroke-colour=#C60C30 |stroke-width=3 |marker=water |marker-colour=#1974D2 |title=Lake Richmond }} The lake is less than {{convert|1|km|abbr=on}} from the coast,[2] having separated from the ocean at Cockburn Sound within the last 4,000 years.[3][1] The shallow waters within about {{convert|15|m}}[1][2] of the edges of the lake are home to thrombolites, estimated to be about six million years old.[3][4] The internal structure of the thrombolites is believed to be unique in the world.[1][2] Before 1960, the lake's salinity was 2000{{ndash}}3500 mg/L.{{efn|less than 10% of seawater, which is typically around 35,000 mg/L}} In the 1960s it was used as part of an urban drainage scheme; the Water Board constructed inlet and outlet drains. Subsequently the salinity level dropped to 300{{ndash}}400 mg/L.[5][2] A boardwalk extends approximately {{convert|115|m|abbr=on}}[6] into the lake.[3][4] Water birds that inhabit the area include the Australian pelican, black swan, Australian shelduck, musk duck, white-faced heron and common greenshank.[4] The lake is home to the Swan River goby (Psuedogobius olorum), eastern mosquitofish, sea mullet, goldfish and yabbies.[5][7]The lake was used as a source of fresh water by the local indigenous Noongar people, as well as the settlers of the Swan River Colony.[3][2] The 10th Light Horse Regiment had a camp near the lake during the war years.[2] In 2017, the lake was given a permanent entry on the State Register of Heritage Places.[8] It also listed on the WA Register of Aboriginal Sites, as RAS #15974.[2] Notes{{noteslist}}References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/conservation-advices/thrombolite-microbial|title=Thrombolite (microbial) community of coastal freshwater lakes of the Swan Coastal Plain (Lake Richmond)|publisher=Commonwealth of Australia, Department of the Environment and Energy|access-date=2017-08-16}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Admin/api/file/8d39dd42-3a08-4bc3-beb8-765b573e3d7a|title=Register of Heritage Places Assessment Documentation: Lake Richmond, Rockingham|publisher=Heritage Council of Western Australia|date=2017-06-30|access-date=2017-08-16}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-08-15/lake-richmonds-multi-million-year-history-lies-beneath/8805798|title=Lake Richmond's multi-million-year history can be found just beneath the surface|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=2017-08-15|access-date=2017-08-16}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite|url=https://parks.dpaw.wa.gov.au/site/lake-richmond|title=Lake Richmond|publisher=Parks and Wildlife Service, Western Australia|access-date=2017-08-16}} 5. ^1 {{cite|url=http://rockingham.wa.gov.au/getmedia/31f20d3e-8ea8-4bd9-b48c-054678942a82/PD-Lake-Richmond-Management-Plan-pdf.pdf|title=Lack Richmond Management Plan 2008 : Final|publisher=Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd|year=2008|access-date=2017-08-20}} 6. ^Measured on Google Maps' satellite view, 2017-08-16 7. ^{{cite|url=http://www.murdoch.edu.au/Research-capabilities/Centre-for-Fish-and-Fisheries-Research/_document/Reports/LAKE_RICHMOND_FISH_SURVEY.pdf|title=Lake Richmond Fish Survey|date=2004-07-22|publisher=Murdoch University|access-date=2017-08-16}} 8. ^{{Heritage Council of Western Australia|name=Lake Richmond|id=18483|accessdate=2017-08-16}} 3 : Lakes of Perth, Western Australia|Heritage places of Western Australia|Swan Coastal Plain |
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