| 词条 | Lake Skokomish |
| 释义 |
| name = Lake Skokomish, Lake Hood | image = 03 Lake Skokomish & Russell (1913) fig 11.jpg | caption = Glacial Lakes Skokomish & Russell in the Puget Sound basin. | location = Hood Canal Kitsap County, Washington | coords = {{coord|47.363322 |-123.127485|region:US-WA_type:waterbody| display=inline,title}} | lake_type = Glacial lake (former) | inflow = Cordilleran Ice Cap | outflow = Shelton Delta, Shelton, Washington; Clifton Channel, North Bay of Case Inlet; Poulsbo Channel, Poulsbo, Washington | catchment = Hood Canal | basin_countries = United States | length = | width = | area = | depth = {{convert|160|ft|m|abbr=on}} | max-depth = {{convert|350|ft|m|abbr=on}} | volume = | residence_time = | shore = | elevation = {{convert|350|m|ft|abbr=on}} | reference = Washington Geological Survey, Bulletin No. 8; Glaciation of the Puget Sound Region; J. Harlen Bretz; Olympia, Wash, Frank M. Lamborn Public Printer; 1913 }} During the Vashon Glaciation a series of lakes formed along the southern margin of the Cordilleran Ice Cap. In the Hood Canal depression, two significant lake stages existed, Lake Skokomish and Lake Hood. Early Lake Skokomish’s surface was at {{convert|350|ft|m|abbr=on}} above sea level, draining across the divide at Shelton, Washington into early Glacial Lake Russell. As the glacier receded northward, this freshwater lake grew in size, until the ice was north of the Clifton channel. With the opening of the Clifton channel, the water dropped to {{convert|160|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level. This longer and lower level lake is referred to as Lake Hood. The glacier continued to recede northward until it reached the Poulsbo channel. Here, the water level equalized to Glacial Lake Russell nolonger having a separate identify.[1] Lake SkokomishLake Skokomish formed in the depression of the Hood Canal and the Skokomish River. It drained across a southern divide at Shelton, Washington. When this outflow joined Lake Russell, it formed the Shelton Delta. This outlet was approximately {{convert|350|ft|m}} above sea level. As the glacier receded northward, a lower outlet at Clifton, opened into Lake Russell at Cases Inlet (North Bay)[1] Lake Hood The second and lower stage of this water body formed when the ice was far enough north to open the Clifton outlet. It continued until the glacier reached the Poulsbo Channel. Here, Lake Russell and Lake Hood equalized and became one lake.[1] The Clifton Channel: The Clifton outlet channel is a definite feature across the divide on which it lies. It is {{convert|60|ft|m}} deep at Lake Deborah in the col, {{convert|220|ft|m}} above tide. This lake now drains both to Cases Inlet and Hoods Canal. Gravel terraces exist along the channel, and one terrace on the east side continues as a small channel directly eastward to Cases Inlet. The Clifton channel ends in the forest west of Allyn, {{convert|160|ft|m}} above tide, corresponding with the dominant water plane of Lake Russell.[1] The Brinnon Delta: The only delta of Vashon age known in the valley of Hoods Canal is at the mouth of the Dusewallips River, on the north side of the valley. At the seaward upper margin, it is {{convert|120|ft|m}} above the Sound. Its altitude makes it obviously a feature produced subsequent to Lake Hood, whose waters were {{convert|100|ft|m}} higher.[1] The Poulsbo Channel: The Kitsap County peninsula between Hoods Canal and Admiralty Inlet is sufficiently high to have confined Lake Hood as far north as Breidablik, northwest of Dogfish (Liberty) Bay. A meridional trough of the pre-Vashon topography, styled the Poulsbo Valley in this paper, crosses the peninsula here. A swampy pass occurs midway of its length at an altitude of {{convert|120|ft|m}}, and a stream terrace lies on the eastern side of the valley near the pass, at an altitude of {{convert|150|ft|m}}.[1] In the Poulsbo Valley, Lake Hood appears to have found an outlet lower than the Clifton channel, and to have entered Lake Russell at the head of Dogfish Bay. The Brinnon Delta is to be correlated with the {{convert|120|ft|m}} level of Lake Russell. The two lakes may be considered as one at this stage, Lake Hood sinking by erosion of the Poulsbo channel to the level of Lake Russell, and becoming an arm of it. If the ice dam causing Lake Russell remained effective during the next few miles of retreat, as there is good reason for believing, Lake Russell levels obtained in Hoods Canal with broad connection across the low northern tip of Kitsap County peninsula, a few miles north of the Poulsbo channel.[1] Lack of Vashon Deltas of Olympic Rivers The Olympic Mountains have several streams leading into Hoods Canal, which have no valley deltas at the levels of the glacial lakes. The valley of Quilcene River has a long gravel slope gradually descending from levels above Lake Russell to tidewater.[1] The Duckabush Valley, the Hama Hama and Skokomish rivers show no evidence of glacially derived deltas. Is appears the later erosion regraded the Pleistocene gravels of these valleys.[1] Lake HoodThe second and lower stage of this water body formed when the ice was far enough north to open the Clifton outlet. It continued until the glacier reached the Poulsbo Channel. Here, Lake Russell and Lake Hood equalized and became one lake. [1] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Washington Geological Survey, Bulletin No. 8; Glaciation of the Puget Sound Region; J. Harlen Bretz; Olympia, Wash, Frank M. Lamborn Public Printer; 1913 {{Puget Sound}} 6 : Former lakes|Glacial lakes of the United States|Pierce County, Washington|King County, Washington|Thurston County, Washington|Geography of Washington (state) |
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