| 词条 | Lauca (volcano) |
| 释义 |
| name = Lauca | other_name = | photo = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | photo_size = | photo_alt = | photo_caption = | map = Chile | map_alt = | map_caption = Location of Lauca in Chile | map_relief = 1 | map_size = | location = Putre, Arica y Parinacota Region {{CHL}} | label = | label_position = | elevation = | elevation_m = 5140 | elevation_ft = | elevation_ref = [1] | prominence = | prominence_m = | prominence_ft = | prominence_ref = | isolation = | isolation_km = | isolation_mi = | isolation_ref = | parent_peak = | listing = | translation = Aquatic grass | language = Aymara | pronunciation = | range = Altiplano, Andes | coordinates = {{coord|18|20|S|69|23|W|display=inline,title|type:mountain}} | coordinates_ref = [2] | topo = | type = Stratovolcano | age = Miocene-Pliocene | volcanic_arc = | volcanic_belt = Central Volcanic Zone | volcanic_field = | volcanic_arc/belt = | last_eruption = Pliocene | first_ascent = | easiest_route = | normal_route = | access = | child = | embedded = }} Lauca is a {{convert|5140|m}}[1] high andesitic stratovolcano in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes on the Altiplano in northern Chile. Administratively it is located in Putre, Arica y Parinacota Region. The volcano was active during the Late Miocene from 10.5 million years ago onwards. A major ignimbrite collapsed the volcano in the Late Pliocene. GeologyAndesites from the Lauca volcano, active in the Late Miocene as of 10.5 million years ago,[2] exist in two groups, plagioclase rich ones which underwent alteration and fine grained silicic ones that are fresher.[1] The territory is underpinned with a crust formed from rocks of Precambrian to Cretaceous age, with thicknesses up to {{convert|70|km}}.[3] Amphibole rich lava flows formed a uniform volcanic cone. A later major ignimbrite eruption caused the collapse of the centre and formed the Lauca ignimbrite.[1] A caldera is present, with a lava dome at the northeastern rim.[1]The Lauca ignimbrite has a thickness up to {{convert|150|m|ft}}, covering the El Diablo Formation in parts and filling the Lluta Canyon. Ar-Ar ages for this rhyolitic ignimbrite have been determined at 2.73 ± 0.02 Ma based on sanidine analysis and 2.87 ± 0.05 Ma from biotite.[4] The Lauca ignimbrite has been correlated to the Pérez ignimbrite in Bolivia and the Pachía ignimbrite in southern Peru.[5] Along the Copaquilla-Tignámar Fault, uplifting the eastern side over the western side,[6] the Lauca ignimbrite has been displaced over {{convert|100|to|150|m|ft}}, indicative of tectonic activity after deposition in the Late Pliocene.[7] In parts, the Lauca ignimbrite is covered by conglomeratic terrace deposits.[8] {{clearboth}}See also{{portal|Chile|Geology|Prehistory of South America}}
References1. ^1 2 3 4 Wigger et al., 2012, p.81 2. ^Kött et al., 1995 3. ^1 Wörner et al., 1992 4. ^García et al., 2011, p.1053 5. ^Charrier et al., 2013, p.245 6. ^Charrier et al., 2013, p.255 7. ^Charrier et al., 2013, p.247 8. ^Schlunegger et al., 2010, p.S132 Bibliography
3 : Volcanoes of Arica y Parinacota Region|Miocene volcanoes|Pliocene volcanoes |
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