| 词条 | 8×56mmR |
| 释义 |
| name = 8×56mmR Steyr / Hungarian | image = 8x56R - SP - 2.jpg | image_size = 300px | caption = Commercial cartridge with a soft-point bullet. | origin = Austria | type = Rifle | service = 1930-1945 | used_by = Austria, Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria | wars = World War II | designer = | design_date = 1930 | manufacturer = | production_date = 1930-Present (commercial) | number = | variants = | is_SI_specs = yes | parent = 8×50mmR Mannlicher | case_type = Rimmed, bottleneck | bullet = 8.35 | neck = 9.20 | shoulder = 12.00 | base = 12.47 | rim_dia = 14.05 | rim_thick = 1.37 | case_length = 55.63 | length = 75.91 | case_capacity = | rifling = 255 mm (1 in 10 in) | max_pressure = 355 | primer = Berdan or Boxer Large Rifle | is_SI_ballistics = yes | bwunit = grain | bw1 = 206 | btype1 = M30 | vel1 = 701 | en1 = 3280 | bw2 = 200 | btype2 = 200 Grain Jacketed | vel2 = 622 | en2 = 2507 | bw3 = | btype3 = | vel3 = | en3 = | bw4 = | btype4 = | vel4 = | en4 = | bw5 = | btype5 = | vel5 = | en5 = | test_barrel_length = | balsrc = Lee Precision [1] Surplus Rifle [2] }} The 8×56mmR or 8×56mmR M30S (C.I.P. civil designation) cartridge was adopted in the year 1930 by Austria, in 1931 by the Kingdom of Hungary and in 1934 by the Kingdom of Bulgaria as a replacement for the 8×50mmR Mannlicher cartridge. HistoryIt was originally created for the Steyr-Solothurn light machine gun as the M30. Later the cartridge was adopted for use in rifles in 1931 as the M31 to replace the 8×50mmR Mannlicher cartridge. The updated cartridge coincided with an update to the Steyr-Mannlicher M1895 rifle in which the barrel length was reduced and the chamber re-cut to accept the new cartridge, and was the cartridge chosen by Hungary for the 35M rifle as a replacement for the Mannlicher M1895. The 8×56mmR was also used in updated versions of Austrian and Hungarian machine guns such as the Solothurn 31M and Schwarzlose 07/31M. From 1934 on it was the standard military cartridge of Kingdom of Bulgaria. This ammunition was made at a variety of plants as well as countries, including Austria, Germany, Bulgaria and Czechoslovakia. Current productionThe 8×56mmR is currently produced by Hornady and Prvi Partizan for commercial sales. It is no longer in use by any organized military forces. While many Stutzen Model 1895/30 were brought into the United States and sold at retailers such as Big-5, the price of the round still remains much higher than most other surplus rifle rounds such as 7.62×54mmR and .30-06 (7.62×63mm), making 8×56mmR very uneconomical to shoot for the average shooter. HandloadingReloading the 8×56mmR Mannlicher can be problematic, due to the .329" groove diameter of the barrel. Commonly available .323" 8mm "S"-bullets will produce very poor accuracy. Open-base jacketed bullets, such as the .323" 244 grain round-nose FMJ bullets used in the 8×50mmR Mannlicher, will often produce better results but are difficult to obtain. However, the reloading situation for this cartridge, at least in Europe, has improved significantly in the last few years. Some manufacturers like Haendler & Naterman (Germany; 190 grains) or Degol (Belgium) still produce various bullets for sporting or hunting purposes. Prvi Partizan produces a FMJ Boat tail bullet under the number B-384 and a Soft Point bullet nr. B-561, both 208 Grains. Lee Precision, Inc. can make a bullet-sizing die in .330", allowing .338" bullets to be swaged down to this caliber. Bullets in the 200 to 225 grain weight class would work best. Lyman offers cast molds in this caliber. Corbins offers swaging dies for their bullet swaging-presses to make various bullets from raw materials. Reloadable cartridge cases can be produced by resizing 7.62×54mmR Mosin–Nagant Russian brass. This results in a case neck 2mm short, but no problems arise from this, as the cartridge will still headspace correctly on its rim. The remaining case neck is also still sufficient to hold the bullet firmly. RCBS produces a reforming die. 8×56mmR Mannlicher brass for handloading is produced by Prvi Partizan although availability is irregular. Chargers or clips for the M.95 (and earlier 8×50mmR and 8×56mmR Mannlicher rifles) are available from surplus arms and ammunition dealers such as Sarco. Reloading dies are made by Hornady, RCBS, and Lee. References1. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.leeprecision.com/cgi/catalog/parts.cgi?1226916549.4487=90925 |title= Lee Precession Charge table for 8X56 R HUNG |accessdate= 2008-11-17 }}{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 2. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.surplusrifle.com/steyrm95/ammunition.asp |title=Collecting and Shooting the Surplus Steyr-Manlicher Carbine |accessdate=2008-11-17 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081205100038/http://www.surplusrifle.com/steyrm95/ammunition.asp| archivedate= 5 December 2008 | deadurl= no}}
2 : Pistol and rifle cartridges|Rimmed cartridges |
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