“List of African-American women in medicine”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

List of African-American women in medicine

释义

1800s
1900s
2000s
References

African-American women have been practicing medicine informally in the contexts of midwifery and herbalism centuries, but have only been practicing medicine formally as physicians since 1864, when Rebecca Crumpler became the first African-American woman to earn a medical degree.

1800s

Rebecca Davis Lee Crumpler was the first African-American woman to earn a medical degree in the United States.
Rebecca J. Cole was the second African-American woman to earn a medical degree in the United States.
Eliza Ann Grier was the first African-American woman to practice medicine in the state of Georgia.^[1]

1900s

Virginia Alexander was a public health official and physician in Philadelphia.^[2]
Alexa Canady is the first African-American woman to become a neurosurgeon and practiced as a pediatric neurosurgeon.^[3]
Joycelyn Elders was the first African American appointed as Surgeon General of the United States
Velma Scantleburry-White is the first African-American female transplant surgeon in the United States^[4]
Claudia L. Thomas is the first female orthopedic surgeon is the United States^[4]

2000s

Paula A. Johnson is the first African-American president of Wellesley College, chairwoman of the Boston Public Health Commission, former professor at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

References

1. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/945359277|title=Women medical doctors in the United States before the Civil War : a biographical dictionary|last=C.,|first=Atwater, Edward|isbn=9781580465717|location=Rochester, NY|oclc=945359277}}
2. ^{{cite web |url = https://www.nlm.nih.gov/changingthefaceofmedicine/physicians/biography_5.html |title = Virginia Alexander |work = Changing the Face of Medicine}}
3. ^{{cite web |url = https://www.nlm.nih.gov/changingthefaceofmedicine/physicians/biography_53.html |title = Dr. Alexa Irene Canady |work = Changing the Face of Medicine}}
4. ^¹{{Cite book|title=against all odds|last=emery|first=crystal|publisher=URU, The Right to Be, Inc|year=2015|isbn=|location=|pages=}}

5 : African-American women|Women in medicine|Lists of African-American people|Lists of American women|Lists of health professionals

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