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词条 List of centenarians (Major League Baseball players)
释义

  1. Actuarial considerations

  2. Actuarial data

  3. The ballplayers

  4. In the on-deck circle

  5. References

The following contains a list of Major League Baseball players who lived to the age of 100. For other baseball players and others associated with baseball who were centenarians, see List of centenarians (sportspeople). For other lists of centenarians, see lists of centenarians.

Actuarial considerations

No major league player reached the age of 100 until {{mlby|1973}}. Although that might seem anomalous because more than 10,000 players had appeared in the major leagues by then, it also has to be considered that Harry Wright was the oldest player during the first season of the National League in {{mlby|1876}}, at age 41,[1] so he could not have reached age 100 until {{mlby|1935}}. The majority of ballplayers in 1876 could not have lived to age 100 until after {{mlby|1950}}, and there had not been enough players for a reasonable statistical expectation of one becoming a centenarian until the 1970s.

Actuarial data

A study by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company that assessed the vital statistics of more than 10,000 baseball players and general mortality rates in the United States concluded that players whose careers began between 1876 and {{mlby|1900}} experienced only 97% expected mortality, those who debuted between {{mlby|1901}} and {{mlby|1930}} had only 64% expected mortality, and those who debuted between {{mlby|1931}} and 1973 experienced only 55% of expected deaths. As early as the 1930s, big league players were exhibiting either a healthy worker effect or the health benefits of the rigorous fitness regimens of professional athletes, or both. However, in this study, vital data on baseball players were limited to those available in the {{mlby|1974}} Baseball Encyclopedia.[2] Other smaller studies have shown similar results for players who debuted between {{mlby|1911}} and {{mlby|1915}}[3] and between 1900 and {{mlby|1939}}.[4]

One large study examining major league ballplayers with debuts from 1902 and 2004 found that their expected lifespan was almost five years longer than average 20-year-old American males, and that career length was inversely associated with the risk of death, probably because those who play ball longer gained additional income, physical fitness, and training.[5]

The ballplayers

NameBorn Died AgeTeam(s)
Ralph Miller[6][7] March 15, 1873
Cincinnati, Ohio 		May 7, 1973
Cincinnati, Ohio 		1873|03|15|1973|05|07}} Brooklyn Bridegrooms (1898)
Baltimore Orioles (1899)
Charlie Emig[8] April 5, 1875
Cincinnati, Ohio 		October 2, 1975
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 		1875|04|05|1975|10|02}} Louisville Colonels (1896)
John Daley[9] May 25, 1887
Du Bois, Pennsylvania 		August 31, 1988
Mansfield, Ohio 		1887|05|25|1988|08|31}} St. Louis Browns (1912)
Bill Otis[10][11] December 24, 1889
Scituate, Massachusetts 		December 15, 1990
Duluth, Minnesota 		1889|12|24|1990|12|15}} New York Highlanders (1912)
Bob Wright[12] December 13, 1891
Decatur County, Indiana 		July 30, 1993
Carmichael, California 		1891|12|13|1993|07|30}} Chicago Cubs (1915)
Ed Gill[13] August 7, 1895
Somerville, Massachusetts 		October 10, 1995
Brockton, Massachusetts 		1895|08|07|1995|10|10}} Washington Senators (1919)
Milt Gaston[14][15][16] January 27, 1896
Ridgefield Park, New Jersey 		April 26, 1996
Barnstable, Massachusetts 		1896|01|27|1996|04|26}} New York Yankees (1924)
St. Louis Browns (1925–1927)
Washington Senators (1928)
Boston Red Sox (1929–1931)
Chicago White Sox (1932–1934)
Red Hoff[17][18][19] May 8, 1891
Ossining, New York 		September 17, 1998
Daytona Beach, Florida 		1891|05|08|1998|9|17}} New York Highlanders (1911–1913)
St. Louis Browns (1915)
Karl Swanson[20] December 17, 1900
North Henderson, Illinois 		April 3, 2002
Rock Island, Illinois 		1900|12|17|2002|04|03}} Chicago White Sox (1928–1929)
Ralph Erickson[21] June 25, 1902
Dubois, Idaho 		June 27, 2002
Chandler, Arizona 		1902|06|25|2002|06|27}} Pittsburgh Pirates (1929–1930)
Ray Cunningham[22] January 17, 1905
Mesquite, Texas 		July 30, 2005
Pearland, Texas 		1905|01|17|2005|07|30}}St. Louis Cardinals (1931–1932)
Howdy Groskloss[23][24] April 10, 1906
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 		July 15, 2006
Vero Beach, Florida 		1906|04|10|2006|07|15}} Pittsburgh Pirates (1930–1932)
Rollie Stiles[25] November 17, 1906
Ratcliff, Arkansas 		July 22, 2007
St. Louis, Missouri 		1906|11|17|2007|07|22}} St. Louis Browns (1930–1931, 1933)
Billy Werber[26][27][28] June 20, 1908
Berwyn Heights, Maryland 		January 22, 2009
Charlotte, North Carolina 		1908|06|20|2009|01|22}} New York Yankees (1930–1933)
Boston Red Sox (1933–1936)
Philadelphia Athletics (1937–1938)
Cincinnati Reds (1939–1941)
New York Giants (1942)
Tony Malinosky[29] October 7, 1909
Collinsville, Illinois 		February 8, 2011
Oxnard, California 		1909|10|07|2011|02|08}} Brooklyn Dodgers (1937)
Ace Parker[30][31] May 17, 1912
Portsmouth, Virginia 		November 6, 2013
Portsmouth, Virginia 		1912|05|17|2013|11|06}} Philadelphia Athletics (1937–1938)
Connie Marrero[32][33] April 25, 1911
Sagua La Grande, Cuba 		April 23, 2014
Havana, Cuba 		1911|04|25|2014|04|23}} Washington Senators (1950–1954)
Mike Sandlock[34][35] October 17, 1915
Old Greenwich, Connecticut 		April 4, 2016
Cos Cob, Connecticut 		1915|10|17|2016|04|04}} Boston Braves (1942–1944)
Brooklyn Dodgers (1945–1946)
Pittsburgh Pirates (1953)
Eddie Carnett[36][37] October 21, 1916
Springfield, Missouri 		November 4, 2016
Ringling, Oklahoma 		1916|10|21|2016|11|04}} Boston Braves (1941)
Chicago White Sox (1944)
Cleveland Indians (1945)
Fred Caligiuri[38][39] October 22, 1918
West Hickory, Pennsylvania 		November 30, 2018
Charlotte, North Carolina 		1918|10|22|2018|11|30}} Philadelphia Athletics (1941–1942)

In the on-deck circle

The oldest living former major leaguer is Tom Jordan, who was born September 5, 1919.[40]

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=Yearly League Leaders & Records for Oldest|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/leaders/Oldest_leagues.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
2. ^{{cite journal|title=Longevity of Major League Baseball Players|journal=Statistical Bulletin, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company|date=1975|volume=56|pages=2–4|pmid=1129825}}
3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Waterbor|first1=John|last2=Cole|first2=Philip|last3=Delzell|first3=Elizabeth|last4=Andjelkovitz|first4=Dragana|title=The Mortality Experience of Major League Baseball Players|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|date=1988|volume=318|issue=19|pages=1278–1280|doi=10.1056/nejm198805123181917|subscription=yes|pmid=3362185|url=http://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJM198805123181917|accessdate=8 May 2016}}
4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Abel|first1=E.L.|last2=Kruger|first2=M.L.|title=The Healthy Worker Effect in Major League Baseball Revisited|journal=Research in Sports Medicine|date=2006|volume=14|issue=1|pages=83–87|pmid=16700406|url=|subscription=yes|doi=10.1080/15438620500528406}}
5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Saint Onge|first1=Jarron M.|last2=Rogers|first2=Richard G.|last3=Krueger|first3=Patrick M.|title=Major League Baseball Players' Life Expectancies|journal=Social Science Quarterly|date=July 17, 2008|volume=89|number=3|pages=817–830|doi=10.1111/j.1540-6237.2008.00562.x|PMID=19756205|pmc=2743321}}
6. ^{{cite web|title=Ralph Miller|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/m/millera01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
7. ^{{cite news|title=Ralph Miller, 100, Is Dead|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1973/05/09/90948147.html?pageNumber=50|accessdate=1 May 2016|newspaper=New York Times|agency=Associated Press|date=May 9, 1973|page=50}}
8. ^{{cite web|title=Charlie Emig|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/e/emigch01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=John Daley|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/d/daleyjo01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=Bill Otis|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/o/otisbi01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
11. ^{{cite web|last1=Costello|first1=Rory|title=Bill Otis biography at the Society for American Baseball Research|url=http://sabr.org/bioproj/person/42c6099e|website=sabr.org|publisher=Society for American Baseball Research|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=Bob Wright|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/w/wrighbo01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
13. ^{{cite web|title=Ed Gill|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/g/gilled01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
14. ^{{cite web|title=Milt Gaston|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/g/gastomi01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
15. ^{{cite web|last1=Nowlin|first1=Bill|title=Milt Gaston biography at the Society for American Baseball Research|url=http://sabr.org/bioproj/person/239d1bf7|website=sabr.org|publisher=Society for American Baseball Research|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
16. ^{{cite news|title=Sports People: Baseball - Hitting 100-Year Mark|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/01/27/sports/sports-people-baseball-hitting-100-year-mark.html|accessdate=1 May 2016|newspaper=New York Times|agency=Associated Press|date=January 27, 1996}}
17. ^{{cite web|title=Red Hoff|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/h/hoffre01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
18. ^{{cite news|title=Sidelines: Et Cetera - From Contest to Final Test|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/27/sports/sidelines-et-cetera-from-contest-to-final-test.html|accessdate=1 May 2016|newspaper=New York Times|date=May 27, 1991}}
19. ^{{cite news|last1=Goldstein|first1=Richard|title=Chet Hoff, 107, Oldest Former Major Leaguer|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/24/sports/chet-hoff-107-oldest-former-major-leaguer.html|accessdate=1 May 2016|newspaper=New York Times|date=September 24, 1998}}
20. ^{{cite web|title=Karl Swanson|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/s/swanska01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
21. ^{{cite web|title=Ralph Erickson|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/e/erickra01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
22. ^{{cite web|title=Ray Cunningham|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/c/cunnira01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
23. ^{{cite web|title=Howdy Groskloss|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/g/groskho01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
24. ^{{cite news|last1=Chass|first1=Murray|title=Oldest Ex-Player Nears 100|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/09/sports/baseball/09chass.html|accessdate=1 May 2016|newspaper=New York Times|date=April 9, 2006}}
25. ^{{cite web|title=Rollie Stiles|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/s/stilero01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
26. ^{{cite web|title=Bill Werber|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/w/werbebi01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
27. ^{{cite web|last1=Rogers III|first1=C. Paul|title=Billy Werber biography at the Society for American Baseball Research|url=http://sabr.org/bioproj/person/8de4e157|website=sabr.org|publisher=Society for American Baseball Research|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
28. ^{{cite news|last1=Goldstein|first1=Richard|title=Bill Werber, Infielder Who Played With Ruth, Is Dead at 100|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/24/sports/baseball/24werber.html|newspaper=New York Times|date=January 24, 2009|page=A14|access-date=September 5, 2018}}
29. ^{{cite web|title=Tony Malinosky|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/m/malinto01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
30. ^{{cite web|title=Ace Parker|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/p/parkeac01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
31. ^{{cite news|last1=Goldstein|first1=Richard|title=Ace Parker, Pro Football Hall of Famer From Leather-Helmet Days, Dies at 101|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/07/sports/football/ace-parker-pro-football-hall-of-famer-from-leather-helmet-days-dies-at-101.html|accessdate=1 May 2016|newspaper=New York Times|date=November 7, 2013|page=B18}}
32. ^{{cite web|title=Connie Marrero|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/m/marreco01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
33. ^{{cite news|last1=Goldstein|first1=Richard|title=Connie Marrero, 102, Dies; Pitcher Starred in Cuba and the Majors|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/24/sports/baseball/connie-marrero-popular-pitcher-in-cuban-baseball-dies-at-102.html|accessdate=1 May 2016|newspaper=New York Times|date=April 24, 2014|page=A29}}
34. ^{{cite web|title=Mike Sandlock|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/g/groskho01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=8 April 2016}}
35. ^{{cite news|last1=Weber|first1=Bruce|title=Mike Sandlock Dies at 100; Was Oldest Living Big Leaguer|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/06/sports/baseball/mike-sandlock-dies-at-100-was-oldest-living-big-leaguer.html|accessdate=1 May 2016|newspaper=New York Times|date=April 6, 2016|page=B17}}
36. ^{{cite web|title=Eddie Carnett|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/c/carneed01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=7 November 2016}}
37. ^{{cite news|last1=Adler|first1=David|title=Oldest Ex-MLB Player Carnett Dies at 100|url=http://m.braves.mlb.com/news/article/208122898/eddie-carnett-dies-at-100/|accessdate=November 7, 2016|publisher=MLB.com|date=November 4, 2016}}
38. ^{{cite web|title=Fred Caligiuri|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/c/caligfr01.shtml|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=22 October 2018}}
39. ^{{cite news |title=Fred J. Calgiiuri |url=http://www.thederrick.com/obituaries/fred-j-caligiuri/article_52112d81-7f91-5ef0-bfa9-04fba2695b7b.html |accessdate=4 December 2018 |work=The Derrick and The News Herald (Oil City, Pa.) |date=December 3, 2018}}
40. ^{{cite web|title=Oldest Living MLB Player|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/bullpen/Oldest_Living_MLB_Player|website=baseball-reference.com|publisher=Baseball-reference.com|accessdate=5 March 2017}}

2 : Lists of centenarians|Lists of Major League Baseball players
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