This is a list of all cyclists who competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cyclists will compete in 18 cycling events in the disciplines: BMX, mountain biking, road cycling and track cycling.
| Cyclist | Nation | Discipline | Event | Olympic app. | Champion since 2012 Olympics |
|---|
| Esteban|Chaves}} | COL|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | Debut |
| Sergio|Henao}} | COL|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | 2nd |
| Miguel Ángel|López|Miguel Ángel López (cyclist)}} | COL|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | Debut |
| Nairo|Quintana}} | COL|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | Debut |
| Rigoberto|Urán}} | COL|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | 3rd |
| Byron|Guamá}} | ECU|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | 2nd |
| Tsgabu|Grmay}} | ETH|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | Debut |
| {{sortname|Grégory|Baugé}} | {{flagIOC|FRA|2016 Summer}} | Track cycling | Men's sprint | 2015 World Champion |
| Men's team sprint | 2015 World Champion |
| Laurie|Berthon}} | FRA|2016 Summer}} | Track cycling | Women's omnium |
| Thomas|Boudat}} | FRA|2016 Summer}} | Track cycling | Men's omnium | 2014 World Champion |
| {{sortname|Sandie|Clair}} | {{flagIOC|FRA|2016 Summer}} | Track cycling | Women's sprint |
| Women's team sprint |
| Women's keirin |
| {{sortname|Virginie|Cueff}} | {{flagIOC|FRA|2016 Summer}} | Track cycling | Women's sprint |
| Women's team sprint |
| Women's keirin |
| Michaël|D'Almeida}} | FRA|2016 Summer}} | Track cycling | Men's team sprint | 2015 World Champion |
| {{sortname|François|Pervis}} | {{flagIOC|FRA|2016 Summer}} | Track cycling | Men's sprint | 2014, 2015 World Champion |
| Men's team sprint |
| Men's keirin | 2014 World Champion |
| Ioannis|Tamouridis}} | GRE|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | 2nd |
| Leung|Chun Wing}} | HKG|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | Debut |
| {{sortname|Anna van der|Breggen}} | {{flagIOC|NED|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Women's road race | Debut |
| Women's road time trial |
| {{sortname|Ellen van|Dijk}} | {{flagIOC|NED|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Women's road race | 2nd |
| Women's road time trial | 2013 World Champion
2015 European Games Champion |
| {{sortname|Tom|Dumoulin}} | {{flagIOC|NED|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | Debut |
| Men's road time trial |
| Rudi van|Houts}} | NED|2016 Summer}} | Mountain biking | Men's cross-country | 3rd |
| Steven|Kruijswijk}} | NED|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | Debut |
| Bauke|Mollema}} | NED|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | Debut |
| {{sortname|Wout|Poels}} | {{flagIOC|NED|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | Debut |
| Men's road time trial |
| Annemiek van|Vleuten}} | NED|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Women's road race | 2nd |
| Marianne|Vos}} | NED|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Women's road race | 3rd | 2012 Olympic Champion
2012, 2013 World Champion |
| Yousif|Mirza}} | UAE|2016 Summer}} | Road cycling | Men's road race | Debut |