“List of historic properties in Bisbee, Arizona”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

This is a list of historic properties in Bisbee, Arizona, which includes a photographic gallery of some of the town's historic structures. The majority of these structures are located in the Bisbee Historic District which was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 3, 1980, reference #80004487. Others are located in the Bisbee Residential Historic District which was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 2010, reference #10000233. Also included are the photographs of individual properties identified as historic by the National Register of Historic Places. These include the Phelps Dodge Headquarters Building, the Muheim House, the Bisbee Women's Club House, St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church and the Walter Douglas House.

Arizona Preservation Foundation

In 2012, the Arizona Preservation Foundation listed the Courthouse Plaza Miners’ Monument in Bisbee as endangered. The fact that a property is listed in the National Register of Historic Places does not guarantee that the owner of the same will not have the property demolished. Unfortunately many of the historic sites are in grave danger of collapsing or destruction. According to Jim McPherson, Arizona Preservation Foundation Board President:"It is crucial that residents, private interests, and government officials act now to save these elements of our cultural heritage before it is too late.”^[1]{{clear}}

Bisbee

An Army Scout by the name of Jack Dunn was filling the canteens of his fellow soldiers’ on a summer day in 1877, on the twin granite monoliths of Castle Rock, when he discovered copper ore and recorded the first mining claim in what in the near future was to be known as the town of Bisbee. Numerous prospectors and speculators headed to the mountains in Bisbee to stake claims. With the discovery of numerous ore bodies, Bisbee became known as the "Queen of the Copper Camps." Bisbee had become the largest city between St. Louis and San Francisco by the 19th century.^[2]

Dunn and his commanding officer Lt. John Ruckermet met a prospector by the name of George Warren. They asked Warren to file a claim for them. He agreed but, did not keep his word. Warren established what became known as the Warren Mining District.^[3] He held a one-ninth interest in the new Copper Queen mine.^[4]

The Phelps Dodge company of Pennsylvania sent James Douglas, the inventor of new methods of smelting copper, to examine potential copper mines.^[5]

Phelps Dodge began their mining operations in Arizona in the 1880s. Arizona mining operations at the time stuck strictly to the "rule of the apex," according to which a claim owner could follow a vein of ore onto another claim, if the deposit had come closest to the surface on his land. This had occurred with Copper Queen, and Phelps Dodge, rather than risk losing this strike to the Copper Queen owners, purchased the Copper Queen mine, merging it with the Atlanta claim.^[6]

In 1896, the company established its headquarters in what is known as the Phelps Dodge Headquarters Building located at 5 Copper Queen Plaza.^[7] Under the guidance of Copper Queen President James Douglas, the parent corporation had initiated a number of programs for Bisbee miners. Among the historic structures which were built by the Phelps Dodge Mining Co. for its employees was the Copper Queen Hospital, the Copper Queen Library and Bisbee Post Office Building, the Phelps Dodge Clinic (now known as the Bisbee Review Building) and the Bisbee Gym Building.. The company also established the Copper Queen Hotel in 1902 and in that same year sold the deed to the land for 1 dollar where the Presbyterian Church was built.^[8] Frederick C. Hurst, an architect for the Copper Queen Mining Co., designed many of the buildings in Bisbee. These included the Bisbee Opera House, Central School and the Old Bisbee Fire Hall/City Hall which is pictured.^[9]^[10]

One of the buildings (The Letson Loft Hotel), located in the Bisbee Historic District, was where the Goldwater-Castaneda Mercantile Store was originally located. This is where a gunfight, known as the infamous "Bisbee Massacre, between a gang of thieves and the citizens of Bisbee occurred on December 8, 1883.^[11]

Historic Structures

The following is a brief description of some of the historic structures in Bisbee.^[12]^[13]^[14]

Historic structures pictured

The following are the images of the historic structures in Bisbee and its surrounding areas.

Warren Ballpark

The historic Warren Ballpark was built by the mining companies and is still in use today.^[16] The following is a brief description of the images posted.

See also

References

1. ^Arizona Preservation Foundation
2. ^Bisbee History
3. ^{{cite book|title=History of Bisbee 1877 to 1837 |first1=Annie M. |last1=Cox| publisher=University of Arizona |year=1938 |work=Master's Thesis |accessdate=February 18, 2016}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://tomrizzo.com/wager-of-lifetime/ |title=Wager of A Lifetime |accessdate=February 18, 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923004442/http://tomrizzo.com/wager-of-lifetime/ |archivedate=September 23, 2015 |df= }}
5. ^Robert Paul Browder and Thomas G. Smith, Independent: A Biography of Lewis W. Douglas (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1986), p. 7
6. ^Phelps Dodge Corp
7. ^[https://www.bisbeemuseum.org/bmmuseum.aspx Bisbee Museum]
8. ^[https://whattodoinbisbee.wordpress.com/ Things to do in Bisbee: Architectural Treasures (Grand Old Buildings)]
9. ^Bisbee Opera House
10. ^Central School
11. ^¹Legends of America {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628070429/http://www.legendsofamerica.com/we-johnheath.html |date=2012-06-28 }}
12. ^Historic Sites
13. ^Present
14. ^[https://www.canyonrose.com/historic-bisbee Historic Buisbee]
15. ^{{NRHP url|id=80004487|title=Bisbee Historic District}}
16. ^Back in Time