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词条 List of Latino and Hispanic Nobel laureates
释义

  1. Laureates

  2. See also

  3. References

The Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. An associated prize in Economics has been awarded since 1969.[1] Nobel Prizes have been awarded to over 800 individuals.[2]

Latin Americans, Spaniards, Latinos and Hispanics have been the recipients in five of six award categories: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. The first Spanish recipient, José Echegaray, was awarded the Literature Prize in 1905, and the first Latin American to receive the prize was Carlos Saavedra Lamas in 1936. The most recent recipient Juan Manuel Santos was awarded the Peace prize in October 2016.

Two Latin American laureates — Óscar Arias Sánchez and Juan Manuel Santos — were president of their country when they were awarded the prize. As of 2015, 25 Nobel Prize winners have been Latin American, Spanish, Latinos or Hispanics.

Laureates

Year Image Laureate Country Category Comment
1904 José EchegaraySpain}}Literature[3] First Hispanic to win a Nobel Prize
1906 Santiago Ramón y CajalSpain}}Physiology or Medicine[4] First Hispanic to win a Nobel Prize in science
1922 Jacinto BenaventeSpain}}Literature
1936 Carlos Saavedra LamasArgentina}}Peace First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize, first Hispanic to win a Nobel Peace Prize
1945 Gabriela MistralChile}}LiteratureFirst Latin American to win a Nobel Prize in literature
1949 Bernardo HoussayArgentina}}Physiology or Medicine[5] First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize in science
1956 Juan Ramón JiménezSpain}}Literature
1959Severo OchoaSpain}}Physiology or Medicine
1967 Miguel Ángel AsturiasGuatemala}}Literature
1968 Luis Walter Alvarez{{USA}}Physics First Hispanic to win a Nobel Prize in Physics[6]
1970Luis F. LeloirArgentina}}Chemistry[7] First Hispanic to win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry
1971 Pablo NerudaChile}}Literature
1977 Vicente AleixandreSpain}}Literature
1980 Adolfo Pérez EsquivelArgentina}}Peace[8]
1980 Baruj BenacerrafVenezuela}}/{{USA}}[9]Physiology or Medicine[9]
1982 Gabriel García MárquezColombia}}Literature
1982 Alfonso García RoblesMexico}}Peace
1984 César MilsteinArgentina}}Physiology or Medicine[10]
1987 Óscar Arias SánchezCosta Rica}}Peace
1989 Camilo José CelaSpain}} Literature
1990 Octavio PazMexico}}Literature
1992 Rigoberta MenchúGuatemala}}Peace
1995Mario J. MolinaMexico}}Chemistry
2010 Mario Vargas LlosaPeru}} Literature
2016 Juan Manuel SantosColombia}} Peace

See also

  • List of Argentine Nobel laureates
  • List of Spanish Nobel laureates
  • List of Asian Nobel laureates
  • List of Arab Nobel laureates
  • List of Jewish Nobel laureates
  • List of Christian Nobel laureates
  • List of Muslim Nobel laureates

References

1. ^"Nobel Prize" (2007), in Encyclopædia Britannica, accessed 14 November 2007, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online: {{quote|An additional award, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden and was first awarded in 1969}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/all/ |title=All Nobel Laureates |publisher=Nobel Foundation |accessdate=2010-03-01}}
3. ^{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Literature 1904:Frédéric Mistral, José Echegaray|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1904/eizaguirre-bio.html|publisher=Elsevier Publishing Company|accessdate=7 February 2013}}
4. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Sherrington | first1 = C. S. | title = Santiago Ramon y Cajal. 1852-1934 | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1935.0007 | journal = Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society | volume = 1 | issue = 4 | pages = 424 | year = 1935 | pmid = | pmc = }}
5. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Young | first1 = F. | last2 = Foglia | first2 = V. G. | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1974.0011 | title = Bernardo Alberto Houssay 1887–1971 | journal = Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society | volume = 20 | pages = 246 | year = 1974 | pmid = | pmc = }}
6. ^{{cite web | last=Fernandez | first=R. M. | year=September 2011 | title=A Finding Aid to the Mabel Alvarez Papers, 1898–1987, in the Archives of American Art | url=http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/mabel-alvarez-papers-5410/more | publisher=Archives of American Art | accessdate=June 15, 2011}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1970/leloir-bio.html|title=Biography of Luis Leloir|publisher=Nobelprize.org|accessdate=7 June 2010}}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1980/esquivel-bio.html |title=Adofo Pérez Esquivel |publisher=Nobel Prize Committee}}
9. ^1 http://www.eluniversal.com/2011/08/02/muere-el-premio-nobel-de-medicina-baruj-benacerraf.shtml
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ulp.edu.ar/comunicacion/libros_ulp/milstein/files/search/searchtext.xml |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-12-09 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227162739/http://www.ulp.edu.ar/comunicacion/libros_ulp/milstein/files/search/searchtext.xml |archivedate=2014-02-27 |df= }}
{{Nobel Prizes}}

4 : Lists of Nobel laureates|Latin American people|Nobel laureates by ethnicity|Lists of Spanish people
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