| 词条 | List of Marathi social reformers |
| 释义 |
This page is a list of Marathi social reformers. Vinoba BhaveVinoba Bhave is well known for the Bhoodan Movement. On 18 April 1951He was a winner at ji Pochampally of nalgonda,[1] the Bhoodan Movement. He took donated land from land owner Indians and gave it away to the poor and landless, for them to cultivate. Then after 1954, he started to ask for donations of whole villages in a programme he called Gramdan. He got more than 1000 villages by way of donation. Out of these, he obtained 175 donated villages in Tamil Nadu alone. Noted Gandhian and atheist Lavanam was the interpreter of Vinoba Bhave during his land reform movement in Andhra Pradesh and parts of Orissa.[2]In 1958 Vinoba was the first recipient of the international Ramon Magsaysay Award for Community Leadership.[3] He was awarded with the highest civilian award of India.the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1983.[4] Dhondo Keshav KarveSocial reformer and educator, Dhondo Keshav Karve is widely known for his work related to woman education and remarriage of Hindu widows. He established the Widow Marriage Association (1883), Hindu Widows Home (1896), and started Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Women's University in 1916. The Government of India awarded him its highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna, in 1958, the year of his 100th birthday.[5] The film "DhayasaParva" by Amol Palekar, based on the life of Karve's son Raghunath, also depicts the Karve family, and their social reformation projects.[6] Bhimrao AmbedkarBhimrao Ambedkar was a reformer, politician, economist, and scholar, Indian jurist, educationist, philosopher, Buddhist activist, thinker, anthropologist and historian. A Social reformer who inspired the Modern Buddhist Movement and campaigned against social discrimination against Untouchables (Dalits), while also supporting the rights of women and labour. He was Independent India's first law minister and the principal architect of the Constitution of India.[7][8][9]He became involved in campaigning and negotiations for India's independence, publishing journals advocating political rights and social freedom for Dalits, and contributing significantly to the establishment of the state of India. In 1990, the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, was posthumously conferred upon Ambedkar.[10] Ambedkar's legacy includes numerous memorials and depictions in popular culture. Vinayak Damodar SavarkarVinayak Damodar Savarkar was a pro-independence activist,[11] politician as well as a reformer, poet, writer and playwright. He advocated dismantling the system of caste in Hindu culture. He was first to start the concept of saha-bhojan.{{clarify|date=March 2017}} Savarkar coined the term Hindutva (Hinduness) to create a collective "Hindu" identity as an "imagined nation". Savarkar is considered to be the father of Hindu Nationalism in India. His tract, Essentials of Hindutva, better known under the later title Who Is a Hindu?, defined a Hindu as one who was born of Hindu parents and regarded India as his motherland as well as holy land. The three essentials of Hindutva were said to be the common nation (rashtra), common race (jati) and common culture/civilisation (sanskriti).[12] Mahatma Jyotirao PhuleJyotirao Phule , an Indian activist, thinker, social reformer, writer and theologist from Maharashtra. He and his wife, Savitribai Phule, were pioneers of women's education in India. His work extended to many fields including education, agriculture, caste system, women and widow upliftment and removal of untouchability. He is most known for his efforts to educate women and the lower castes as well as the masses. After educating his wife, he opened the first school for girls in India in August 1848.[13]In September 1873, Phule, along with his followers, formed the Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of Seekers of Truth) to attain equal rights for peasants and people from lower castes. Lokmanya TilakBal Gangadhar Tilak was an Indian nationalist, Social reformer{{Citation needed|reason=Your explanation here|date=July 2017}}, journalist, teacher, lawyer and an independence activist. He was the first leader of the Indian Independence Movement. The British colonial authorities called him "Father of the Indian unrest." He was also conferred with the honorary title of "Lokmanya", which literally means "accepted by the people (as their leader)".[14]Nanaji DeshmukhNanaji Deshmukh established Chitarkoot Gramodya Vishwavidyalaya in Chitrakoot- India's First Rural University and was its Chancellor.[15] Nanaji implemented the philosophy of integral humanism to improve the living standard of more than 150 villages of Bundelkhand. He was awarded Padma Vibhushan in 1999. India's former President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam praised Deshmukh for his "single-minded devotion to the uplift of the people".[16] Sindhutai Sapkal
She has adopted more than 1800orphans .She was conferred a Doctorate in Literature by the DY Patil Institute of Technology and Research in 2016.
Baba AmteBaba Amte known particularly for his work for the rehabilitation and empowerment of poor people suffering from Leprosy.[17] Recipient of various awards, amte awarded with Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1985 for public service.[18]Anna HazareAnna Hazare is an Indian social activist who led movements to promote rural development, increase government transparency, and investigate and punish corruption in public life. In addition to organising and encouraging grassroots movements, Hazare frequently conducted hunger strikes to further his causes.[19][20]Hazare also contributed to the development and structuring of Ralegan Siddhi, a village in Parner taluka of Ahmednagar district, Maharashtra. Hazare and the youth group decided to take up the issue of alcoholism to drive a process of reform. At a meeting conducted in the temple, the villagers resolved to close down liquor dens and ban alcohol in the village. Since these resolutions were made in the temple, they became, in a sense, religious commitments. Over thirty liquor brewing units voluntarily closed their establishments. Those who did not succumb to social pressure were forced to close their businesses when the youth group smashed their premises. The owners could not complain as their businesses were illegal.[21] Hazare appealed to the government of Maharashtra to pass a law whereby prohibition would come into force in a village if 25% of the women in the village demanded it. In 2009 the state government amended the Bombay Prohibition Act, 1949 to reflect this.[22] The social barriers and discrimination that existed due to the caste system in India have been largely eliminated by Ralegan Siddhi villagers. It was Hazare's moral leadership that motivated and inspired the villagers to shun untouchability and caste discrimination. Marriages of Dalits are held as part of community marriage program together with those of other castes. The Dalits have become integrated into the social and economic life of the village. The upper caste villagers built houses for the lower caste Dalits by shramdaan and helped to repay their loans.[23][24][25] Abhay and Rani BangDr. Abhay Bang and Dr. Rani Bang are social activists, researchers working in the field of community health in Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra. They have revolutionized healthcare for the poorest people in India and have overseen a programme that has substantially reduced Infant mortality rates in one of the most poverty-stricken areas in the world. The WHO (World Health Organization) and UNICEF have endorsed their approach to treating newborn babies and the programme is currently being rolled out to parts of Africa.[26] The Bangs founded SEARCH[27] (Society For Education, Action and Research in Community Health) – a non-profit organisation, which is involved in rural health service and research. The Bang couple is the winner of the prestigious Maharashtra Bhushan Award. They have many published articles in The Lancet, one of the world's most prestigious medical journals.[28]Prakash AmtePrakash Amte is a medical doctor and social worker from Maharashtra. Son of Magsaysay awardee Baba Amte, he and his wife, Dr. Mandakini Amte were awarded the Magsaysay Award for 'Community Leadership'[29] in 2008 for their philanthropic work in the form of the Lok Biradari Prakalp amongst the Madia Gonds in Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra and the neighbouring states of Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Other
See also
References1. ^The Un-Gandhian Gandhi : The Life and Afterlife of Mahatma - By Claude Markovits 2. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.markshep.com/nonviolence/GT_Vinoba.html|title = The King of Kindness (Vinoba Bhave, Bhoodan, Gramdan, Sarvodaya, Gandhi Movement)|publisher = Markshep.com|date = |accessdate = }} 3. ^Online biography of Vinoba Bhave 4. ^List of Bharat Ratna Awardees recipients 5. ^{{cite web|title=Padma Awards Directory (1954-2007) |url=http://www.mha.nic.in/pdfs/PadmaAwards1954-2007.pdf |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs |accessdate= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410024701/http://www.mha.nic.in/pdfs/PadmaAwards1954-2007.pdf |archivedate=2009-04-10 |df= }} 6. ^{{cite web |title = Dhyasparva - A film by Amol Palekar|url = https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0331232/}} 7. ^{{cite news|title = Do we really respect Dr Ambedkar or is it mere lip service?|url = http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/standpoint-do-we-really-respect-dr-ambedkar-or-is-it-mere-lip-service-2040352}} 8. ^{{cite news|title = Home for Ambedkar 'house'|url = http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150216/jsp/frontpage/story_3660.jsp#.VPiYR_mUfIo}} 9. ^{{cite news|title=The Constitution of India: Role of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar |url=http://www.freepressjournal.in/the-constitution-of-india-role-of-dr-b-r-ambedkar/ |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402153753/http://www.freepressjournal.in/the-constitution-of-india-role-of-dr-b-r-ambedkar/ |archivedate=2015-04-02 |df= }} 10. ^{{cite news|title = Bharat Ratna: A brief history of award winners|url = http://www.livemint.com/Politics/7mrZCPMpyVHCp94hhvDHQK/Bharat-Ratna-A-brief-history-of-award-winners.html}} 11. ^{{Cite book|last = Chandra|first = Bipan|title = India's Struggle for Independence|publisher = Penguin Books India|location = New Delhi|year = 1989|page = 145|isbn = 978-0-14-010781-4}} 12. ^{{cite journal |last = Sharma|first = Arvind|title = On Hindu, Hindustan, Hinduism and Hindutva|journal = Numen|volume = 49|number = 1|year = 2002|pp = 1–36|JSTOR = 3270470}} 13. ^{{cite web |url = http://pd.cpim.org/2014/0112_pd/01122014_mariam.html|title = AIDWA Observes Savitribai Phule Birth Anniversary|accessdate = |author = Mariam Dhawale}} 14. ^{{cite book|title = Lokamany Tilak: Father of Indian Unrest and Maker of Modern India|year = 1956|publisher = John Murray; 1st Edition (1956)|url = https://www.amazon.com/Lokamany-Tilak-Father-Indian-Unrest/dp/B0006D9MV4|author = D. V. Tahmankar|accessdate = }} 15. ^Social activist Nanaji Deshmukh dead The New Indian Express 16. ^Utilise human resources judiciously: Kalam 17. ^{{cite book|title = Students' Britannica India|url = https://books.google.com/?id=Kpd9lLY_0-IC|isbn = 0-85229-760-2|page = 62|authormask = Indu Ramchandani|publisher = Popular Prakashan|year = 2000}} 18. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.rmaf.org.ph/newrmaf/main/awardees/awardee/profile/266|title = Amte, Murlidhar Devidas {{!}} CITATION|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }} 19. ^{{cite news|url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-14540696|first = Alizeh|last = Kohari|title = Hunger strikes: What can they achieve?|agency = BBC News|date = 16 August 2011}} 20. ^{{cite news|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/19/world/asia/19hazare.html|title = Unlikely Echo of Gandhi Inspires Indians to Act|work = The New York Times|date = 18 August 2011|first = Jim|last = Yardley|accessdate = 19 August 2011}} 21. ^{{cite book|last = Seabrook|first = Jeremy|title = Victims of Development: Resistance and Alternatives|publisher = Verso|year = 1993|page = 250|isbn = 0-86091-385-6|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=gb804ulCzSMC&pg=PA260|accessdate = 14 June 2011}} 22. ^{{cite news|url = http://www.moneylife.in/article/anna-hazare-our-one-big-hope-and-why-he-can-do-it/15399.html|title = Anna Hazare, our one, big hope, and why he can do it|last = Deshmukh|first = Vinita|date = 7 April 2011|publisher = Moneylife|accessdate = 8 April 2011}} 23. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.umiacs.umd.edu/~venu/ANNA/withequity.html|title = Development with Equity|author = Ramesh Awasthi and Dashrath K. Panmand|publisher = University of Maryland|accessdate = 20 August 2011}} 24. ^{{cite news|url = http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/newmanager/article2040275.ece|title = Moving the masses Anna's way|work = The Hindu Business Line|accessdate = 19 July 2011}} 25. ^{{cite book|last = Poddar|first = Ganeshdatta|title = Globalization, liberalization, and environmentalism|publisher = Rawat Publications|year = 2009|pages = 262 pages|isbn = 978-81-316-0109-9|url = http://www.google.co.in/search?hl=en&tbm=bks&q=Dalits+in+Ralegan+Siddhi&oq=Dalits+in+Ralegan+Siddhi&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&gs_sm=e&gs_upl=91589l94266l0l95035l5l5l0l0l0l0l0l0ll0|accessdate = 19 July 2011}} 26. ^http://www {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010426175339/http://www/ |date=2001-04-26 }}. Guardian.co.uk Global development, Infant and child mortality, Elizabeth Day – The Observer, Sunday 20 March 2011 [https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2011/mar/20/dr-abhay-bang-revolutionary-paediatrician Dr Abhay Bang: the revolutionary pediatrician] (Accessed on 28 November 2012) 27. ^Official website of SEARCH (Archived on 7 November 2012) 28. ^{{cite journal|author1 = Dr Abhay T Bang MD|author2 = Rani A Bang MD|author3 = Sanjay B Baitule DHMS|author4 = M Hanimi Reddy PhD|author5 = Mahesh D Deshmukh MSc|title = Effect of home-based neonatal care and management of sepsis on neonatal mortality: field trial in rural India|journal = The Lancet|date = 4 December 1999|volume = 354|issue = 9194|pages = 1955–1961|url = http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(99)03046-9/fulltext|accessdate = 17 June 2014|doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(99)03046-9|pmid = 10622298}} 29. ^Citation from the website of Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation 30. ^{{cite web |url = http://pd.cpim.org/2014/0112_pd/01122014_mariam.html|title = AIDWA Observes Savitribai Phule Birth Anniversary|accessdate = 3 March 2014|author = Mariam Dhawale}} 1 : Lists of Marathi people |
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