请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 List of Pickands Mather ships
释义

  1. Freighters

  2. Barges

  3. References

  4. Bibliography

{{Expand list|date=September 2017}}

The list of ships owned and operated by Pickands Mather consists of barges and freighters operating on the Great Lakes in the United States and Canada. Vessels include those owned by the Marine Department of Pickands Mather & Company from the company's founding in 1883 until its sale to Diamond Shamrock Corporation in 1968; those owned by Diamond Shamrock Corporation until the sale of the subsidiary to Moore-McCormack Resources in 1973; those owned by Moore-McCormack Resources until the sale of the Pickands Mather subsidiary to Cleveland-Cliffs Inc. in 1986; and those owned by Cleveland-Cliffs until the spinoff of the Interlake Steamship Company subsidiary in 1987.

The list includes vessels owned personally by the owners of Pickands Mather{{Efn|Until the early 1900s, it was common for a single individual or group of individuals to own a Great Lakes cargo ship. But after 1900, ownership passed almost exclusively to corporations.{{sfn|Lorimer|2005|pages=51–52}}{{sfn|Ashworth|1987|page=110}}{{sfn|McDowell|Gibbs|1999|pages=276–277}}{{sfn|Blume|2012|pages=440–441}}}} and directly by Pickands Mather, as well as those owned by its subsidiaries. These include some vessels owned by the Interlake Steamship Company. This company was a subsidiary of Pickands Mather from the subsidiary's founding in 1894 until its spinning off as an independent corporation in 1987. It does not include vessels operated by Interlake Steamship since 1987. It also does not includes vessels operated by other companies prior to their merger with Interlake, but does include those brought to the merger with Interlake and thereafter operated by Interlake.

Freighters

NameClass and typeOwnerIn serviceOut of serviceFate
Cetus Steel-hulled bulk freight steamshipJoachim|1994|page=104}}Joachim|1994|page=104}}{{Efn|The vessel was built in 1903. It was originally named the "Henry S. Sill",{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=104}}[1] and owned by J.C. Gilchrist.[1][3] She was purchased by Interlake Steamship Co. the same year and renamed Cetus.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=104}}}} 1927[2]{{Efn|Interlake Steamship instituted foreclosure proceedings against Forest City Steamship after the latter company failed to make payments on the vessel.[2]}}[3]{{Efn>Cetus was sold to the Forest City Steamship Co. in October 1923[3] and renamed the Samuel H. Squire.[4]}} 1943{{sfn|Joachim|1994|page=104}}Devendorf|1996|page=104}} traded to the United States Maritime Commission for a new vessel;{{sfn|Joachim|1994|page=104}} scrapped 1946.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=104}}
Charles M. BeeghlyShe was lengthened by {{convert|96|ft|m}} in 1972,{{sfn|Bawal|2011|page=22}} and converted to a self-unloader in 1981.[9]}}Bawal|2011|page=22}}[5][11]{{Efn>Built in 1959 as Shenango II.[11]{{sfn|Bawal|2011|pages=22, 91}}}}Maritime Administration|1988|page=170}}Maritime Administration|1988|page=170}} repowered in 2009;[5] renamed Hon. James L. Oberstar in 2011.[6]
Col. James M. Schoonmaker Conventional dry bulk Lake freighter Interlake Steamship CompanyThe vessel was built in 1911 and owned by the Shenango Furnace Company.[7] She was sold to the Interlake Steamship Company in 1969.[8]}}The vessel was sold to Cleveland-Cliffs in 1972.[17]}} Sold to Cleveland-Cliffs and renamed Willis B. Boyer;[9] retired from service in 1980; renamed Col. James M. Schoonmaker in 2011 and now a ship museum in Toledo.[10]
Corvus Steel-hulled bulk freight steamshipJoachim|1994|page=104}}[11]{{Efn>The vessel was built in 1903 as the J. L. Weeks for Gilchrist Transportation Co.{{sfn|Greenwood|1973|page=330}} She became part of the Interlake fleet when Interlake absorbed Gilchrist in 1913.[11]}}Joachim|1994|page=104}}Devendorf|1996|page=104}} traded to the United States Maritime Commission for a new vessel;{{sfn|Joachim|1994|page=104}} scrapped 1946.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=104}}
Cygnus Steel-hulled bulk freight steamshipJoachim|1994|page=104}}[11]{{Efn>The vessel was built in 1903 as the J. C. Gilchrist for Gilchrist Transportation Co.[12] She became part of the Interlake fleet when Interlake abosorbed Gilchrist in 1913.[11]}}Joachim|1994|page=104}}Devendorf|1996|page=103}} traded to the United States Maritime Commission for a new vessel;{{sfn|Joachim|1994|page=104}} scrapped 1946.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=103}}
Cyprus Conventional dry bulk Lake freighterThe Lackawanna Steamship Company was a subsidiary of Pickands Mather which incorporated in 1906. It changed its name to the Interlake Steamship Company in 1913.{{sfn|Moody's Investors Service|1930|page=675}}}}Stonehouse|1985|page=131}}Stonehouse|1985|page=131}}Stonehouse|1985|page=131}}
E. G. Grace Conventional dry bulk Lake freighter Interlake Steamship Company[13]Joachim|1994|page=104}}{{Efn|The vessel was built by the U.S. Maritime Commission, and intended to be traded to Bethlehem Steel in exchange for obsolete ships.[14] Interlake purchased the vessel instead.[13]}}Devendorf|1996|page=167}}Devendorf|1996|page=167}}
Elton Hoyt 2nd (1906){{Efn>Not to be confused with the Elton Hoyt 2nd built in 1952.}} Conventional dry bulk Lake freighterBawal|2011|page=22}}Bawal|2009|page=9}}{{Efn|Built in 1906 for the Shenango Furnace Co. as the William P. Snyder.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=110}}{{sfn|Thompson|1994|pages=128–129}} Sold to Stewart Furnace Co. in June 1926 and renamed Elton Hoyt 2nd,{{sfn|Bawal|2009|page=9}} then sold again in September 1929 to Youngstown Steamship Co.[15] In both cases, ship was managed by Pickands Mather.{{sfn|Bawal|2009|page=9}} Interlake Steamship purchased the vessel in 1930.{{sfn|Bawal|2009|page=9}}}}Bawal|2009|page=10}}Alex D. Chisholm in 1952; sold to Medusa Portland Cement in 1966 and renamed Medusa Challenger in 1967;{{sfn>Bawal|2009|page=10}} went through several ownership and name changes, and now named St. Mary's Challenger and owned by St. Mary's Cement Inc.{{sfn|Bawal|2009|pages=11–13}}
Elton Hoyt 2nd (1952){{Efn>Not to be confused with the SS St. Marys Challenger, a vessel built in 1906 and renamed Elton Hoyt 2nd by the Stewart Furnace Co. in June 1926 and the Alex D. Chisholm in 1952.}} Conventional dry bulk Lake freighterBawal|2011|page=22}}Devendorf|1996|page=172}}Maritime Administration|1988|page=170}}72|ft|m}} in 1957; converted to self-unloader in 1980;{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=172}} sold in 1987 as part of the spin off of the Interlake Steamship Company in a management buyout.{{sfn|Maritime Administration|1988|page=170}}
Frank Armstrong Conventional dry bulk Lake freighterJoachim|1994|page=106}}[16]{{Efn>The vessel was built by the U.S. Maritime Commission as the Pilot Knob. She was renamed Frank Armstrong after Interlake took possession of her in May 1943.[16]}}Joachim|1994|page=106}}{{Efn|Renamed Samuel Mather 1976); see below.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=164}}}}Devendorf|1996|page=164}} renamed Samuel Mather;{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=164}} sold in 1987 as part of the spin off of the Interlake Steamship Company in a management buyout.{{sfn|Maritime Administration|1988|page=170}}
Frank Purnell (1943; later Steelton) Flat-deck bulk carrierBawal|2011|page=32}}[17]{{Efn>This vessel was built by the United States Maritime Commission[17] and christened McIntyre. She was renamed Frank Purnell before her maiden voyage.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=172}}}} 1966[18]Steelton; renamed Steelton in 1966;[18] sold to Medusa Cement in 1978, and renamed C.T.C. No. 1.{{sfn>Bawal|2009|page=11}}{{Efn|Cleveland-Cliffs briefly chartered it in 1979 and renamed the vessel Pioneer, but the ship was returned to Medusa Cement that year and resumed the C.T.C. No. 1 name.{{sfn|Bawal|2009|page=11}}}}
Frank Purnell (1943; formerly Steelton) Flat-deck bulk carrier Interlake Steamship Company[18][18]{{Efn>This vessel was built by the United States Maritime Commission in 1943, and christened Pilot Knob. She was renamed Steelton before her maiden voyage.[19] She was traded in 1966 to Interlake Steamship for the Frank Purnell, and converted into a self-unloader.[18]}}Bawal|2011|page=32}}Bawal|2011|page=32}} and renamed Robert C. Norton; scrapped in 1994.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=166}}
Harry Coulby (1927)Brown|2008|page=278}}Joachim|1994|page=14}} 1927[20]Maritime Administration|1988|page=170}}Devendorf|1996|page=154}} sold in 1987 as part of the spin off of the Interlake Steamship Company in a management buyout;{{sfn|Maritime Administration|1988|page=170}} sold to Kinsman Lines, Inc. in 1989 and renamed Kinsman Enterprise; scrapped in 2002.{{sfn|Brown|2008|page=279}}
Herbert C. Jackson Conventional dry bulk Lake freighterBawal|2011|page=22}} 1959[21] 1987[41] Sold in 1987 as part of the spin off of the Interlake Steamship Company in a management buyout.[22]
Hydrus (1913) Conventional dry bulk Lake freighter Interlake Steamship CompanyThe vessel was constructed in 1903 as the R.E. Schuck, and initially owned by Gilchrist Transportation Co. of Cleveland.[43] Gilchrist and six other shipping firms merged with the Interlake Company (a subsidiary of Pickands Mather) in April 1913 to form the Interlake Steamship Company.[23]}} 1913[24] Foundered about November 8, 1913, on the Michigan side of Lake Huron during the Great Lakes Storm of 1913.[24]
Hydrus (1916) Conventional dry bulk Lake freighter Interlake Steamship CompanyThe ship was built in 1899 as the M.A. Hanna for the Cleveland Steamship Co.[25] During the winter of 1915–1916, Interlake Steamship Company purchased the vessel and renamed it the Hydrus.[26]}}Interlake sold the Hydrus to Paterson Steamships, Ltd. of Fort William, Ontario, Canada.[49]}}Windoc in 1927; retired and sold for scrap in 1967.[27]{{sfn>Greenwood|1973|page=490}}
J. L. Mauthe Conventional dry bulk Lake freighter Interlake Steamship CompanyBawal|2008|page=6}}Bawal|2011|page=25}}Bawal|2011|page=25}} converted in 1998 to self-unloading barge Pathfinder.{{sfn|Bawal|2008|page=8}}
James R. Barker Conventional dry bulk Lake freighter Interlake Steamship Company 1976[28]Moore-McCormack spun off the shipping division of Pickands Mather as the Interlake Steamship Company in 1987.{{sfn|Bawal|2011|page=25}}[29]}}Bawal|2011|page=25}}
John Sherwin Conventional dry bulk Lake freighterBawal|2011|page=22}}Bawal|2011|page=91}}Bawal|2011|page=25}}Bawal|2011|page=22}} sold in 1987 as part of the spin off of the Interlake Steamship Company in a management buyout.{{sfn|Bawal|2011|page=25}}
LagondaThe ship was reconstructed to carry metal scrap[30] and fitted with a crane in 1926.{{sfn|Greenwood|1973|page=39}}}} Interlake Steamship Company[54][54]{{Efn>The ship was built in 1896 for the Cleveland Steamship Co.,{{sfn|Beeson|1909|page=48}} also known as the "Mitchell Fleet" after the builder of most of its vessels, Captain John Mitchell.[31]}}Devendorf|1996|pages=86, 198-199}}Devendorf|1996|pages=86, 198-199}} scrapped in 1958.{{sfn|Greenwood|1973|page=39}}
Mesabi Miner Conventional dry bulk Lake freighterBawal|2011|page=28}} 1977[32]Bawal|2011|page=25}}Bawal|2011|page=25}}
Moses Taylor Conventional dry bulk Lake freighter Interlake Steamship Company[33][33]{{Efn>The ship was built in 1902 for the Cleveland Steamship Co.,[34] also known as the "Mitchell Fleet" after the builder of most of its vessels, Captain John Mitchell.[31]}} 1926[35] Sold in 1926 to Paterson Steamships Ltd.,[35] named changed to Soodoc,[36] scrapped in 1968.[37]
Pathfinder Whaleback steamshipPickands Mather incorporated the Huron Barge Company as its subsidiary in December 1891.{{sfn|Havighurst|1958|page=41}}[38]}}Wright|1969|page=69}}Devendorf|1996|pages=79, 212, 215–216}}Devendorf|1996|pages=79, 212, 215–216}}
PegasusU.S. Bureau of Navigation|1917|page=156}}Joachim|1994|page=104}}[39]{{Efn>The vessel was built in 1902 as the William H. Gratwick for John Mitchell, owner of the Mitchell Steamship Company.{{sfn|Lloyd's Register|1902|page=938}} Interlake Steamship purchased the Mitchell company and all its ships in January 1916.[39] Interlake renamed it the Pegasus.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=95}}}}Joachim|1994|page=104}}Joachim|1994|page=104}} scrapped in 1946.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=95}}
Robert R. Rhodes Wooden bulk steamship Pickands MatherThe ship was built by the Cleveland Dry Dock Co. for a group of investors in 1887.{{sfn|Mills|2002|page=126}} In 1889, Pickands Mather purchased a 1/8th share{{sfn|Bowlus|2010|pages=137–138}} from these investors.{{sfn|Havighurst|1958|page=41}}}}The vessel was sold to shipping investor John W. Moore of Mentor, Ohio.{{sfn|McCormick|1972|page=90}}}}McCormick|1972|page=90}}
Samuel Mather (1887) Wooden bulk steamship Pickands MatherPickands Mather did not own the ship outright, but had a 1/48th share.{{sfn|Bowlus|2010|pages=137–138}} Interlake also had a share.{{sfn|Mills|2002|page=131}}}}Mills|2002|page=131}}{{sfn|Wolff|1979|page=65}}Brazil.{{sfn>Mills|2002|page=131}}{{sfn|Wolff|1979|page=65}}
Samuel Mather (1892) Self-propelled whaleback barge built to carry iron ore. Pickands MatherDevendorf|1996|page=80}} 1924Greenwood|1997|page=6}} sank September 21–22, 1924, sank off Thunder Bay Island, Michigan, in Lake Huron.[40]
Samuel Mather (1976) Conventional dry bulk Lake freighterJoachim|1994|page=106}}Joachim|1994|page=106}}{{Efn|Formerly the Frank Armstrong; see above.}}Maritime Administration|1988|page=170}}Devendorf|1996|page=164}} sold in 1987 as part of the spin off of the Interlake Steamship Company in a management buyout;{{sfn|Maritime Administration|1988|page=170}} sold for scrap in 1988.{{sfn|Joachim|1994|page=106}}
SaturnU.S. Bureau of Navigation|1917|page=167}}Joachim|1994|page=104}} 1916{{Efn|The vessel was built in 1901 as the Walter Scranton for John Mitchell, owner of the Etna Steamship Company.{{sfn|Lloyd's Register|1902|page=938}}[41] Interlake Steamship purchased the Mitchell company and all its ships in January 1916.[39] Interlake renamed it the Pegasus.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=95}}}}Joachim|1994|page=104}}Devendorf|1996|page=95}} traded to the U.S. Maritime Commission in 1943;{{sfn|Joachim|1994|page=104}} scrapped in 1947.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=95}}
TaurusU.S. Bureau of Navigation|1917|page=173}}Joachim|1994|page=104}}[11]{{Efn>This vessel was originally built in 1903 for the Gilchrist Transportation Co.{{sfn|Van der Linden|Bascom|1984|page=388}} She became part of the Interlake fleet when Interlake abosorbed Gilchrist in 1913.[11] Interlake renamed her Taurus.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=104}}}}Joachim|1994|page=104}}Devendorf|1996|page=104}} traded to the U.S. Maritime Commission in 1943;{{sfn|Joachim|1994|page=104}} scrapped in 1946.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=104}}
V. H. Ketchum Wooden bulk steamship Pickands MatherThis vessel was built in 1874 for the Toledo & Saginaw Transportation Co. Her construction was funded by a number of investors.[74]{{sfn|Mills|2002|page=141}} Pickands Mather purchased a 13/20th share in the Ketchum in 1883.[42] This was the first ship in the Pickands fleet.{{sfn|Havighurst|1958|page=32}} Great Lakes ship historian Rodney H. Mills, however, says Pickands Mather did not purchase their shares until 1887. In 1889, Interlake purchased a 63/80th interest in the vessel.{{sfn|Mills|2002|page=141}}}}[43]{{Efn>Pickands Mather sold the ship in 1892{{sfn|Havighurst|1958|page=88}} to Captain William Mack.[43]}}Mack sold his interest in the ship to Lakewood Transportation Co. in 1896, and Lakewood sold to Seither Transit in 1900.{{sfn|Mills|2002|page=141}}}} last owned by Seither Transit Company; burned in 1905 off Ile Parisienne, Whitefish Bay, Lake Superior.[44]
VegaU.S. Bureau of Navigation|1917|page=178}}Joachim|1994|page=104}} 1916[39]{{Efn|The vessel was built in 1905 as the Pendennis White for John Mitchell, owner of the Mitchell Steamship Company.[45] Interlake Steamship purchased the Mitchell company and all its ships in January 1916.[39] Interlake renamed it the Pegasus.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=105}}}}Joachim|1994|page=104}}Joachim|1994|page=104}} scrapped in 1946.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|page=105}}
Venus Conventional dry bulk Lake freighter Interlake Steamship Company[46]{{Efn>The vessel was built in 1901 for the Globe Steamship Co.,[47] which merged with Gilchrist Transportation in 1903.{{sfn|Blume|2012|page=191}} Gilchrist Transportation merged into Interlake Steamship in 1913.[46]}} 1941[85]Devendorf|1996|pages=98, 198}} leased to Boland & Cornelius in 1941;[48] sold to Lake Shore Steel of Chicago in 1958;[49] scrapped in 1961.{{sfn|Devendorf|1996|pages=98, 198}}
William B. Davock Conventional dry bulk Lake freighterThis subsidiary of Pickands Mather was formed in 1894 as the Interlake Company, and changed its name to Interlake Steamship Company in 1913.{{sfn|Havighurst|1958|page=69}}}}Completed in 1907 for the Vulcan Steamship Co., she was purchased by the Interlake Steamship Company in 1915, and reconstructed in 1922–1923.{{sfn|American Bureau of Shipping|1933|page=554}}}}American Bureau of Shipping|1933|page=554}}[50]American Bureau of Shipping|1933|page=554}}[50]
William J. De Lancey Conventional dry bulk Lake freighter Interlake Steamship Company 1981[51]Moore-McCormack spun off the shipping division of Pickands Mather as the Interlake Steamship Company in 1987.{{sfn|Bawal|2011|page=25}}[29]}}Maritime Administration|1988|page=170}} renamed Paul R. Tregurtha in 1990.[52]

Barges

NameClass and typeOwnerIn serviceOut of serviceFate
Buffalo Unpowered sailless barge Pickands MatherAmerican Bureau of Shipping|1898|page=397}}{{Efn|Originally built in 1890.{{sfn|Beeson|1908|page=68}}}}{{Efn|The first record of Pickands Mather's ownership of the Buffalo is in 1898.{{sfn|American Bureau of Shipping|1898|page=397}}}}There is a continuous record of ownership by Pickands Mather through 1908. The vessel then no longer appears in registries.{{sfn|Beeson|1908|page=68}}{{sfn|Beeson|1900|page=82}}{{sfn|Beeson|1901|page=68}}{{sfn|Beeson|1902|page=320}}{{sfn|American Bureau of Shipping|1904|page=359}}{{sfn|American Bureau of Shipping|1905|page=358}}{{sfn|American Bureau of Shipping|1906|page=403}}}} Retired/scrapped.
Sagamore (1892) Whaleback steamship barge Huron Barge Co.Wright|1969|page=52}}Stonehouse|1985|page=91}}Northern Queen.{{sfn>Stonehouse|1985|page=91}}
Sagamore (1904) Unpowered sailless steel barge Huron Barge Co.[53]{{Efn>The vessel was built as the David Z. Norton in 1898 for the Wilson Transit Company.{{sfn|Van der Linden|Bascom|1984|page=346}} It was sold to the Huron Barge Co. in 1903,[53] and renamed Sagamore.{{sfn|Van der Linden|Bascom|1984|page=346}}}}Van der Linden|Bascom|1984|page=346}}{{Efn|Huron Barge Co. merged with Interlake Steamship Co. in 1913, and Sagamore became part of Interlake's fleet. Interlake sold the vessel to the Pringle Barge Line in 1922.{{sfn|Van der Linden|Bascom|1984|page=346}}}}Kenordoc; scrapped in 1957.{{sfn>Van der Linden|Bascom|1984|page=346}}
Tycoon Unpowered sailless barge Pickands MatherBeeson|1901|page=77}}{{Efn|The vessel was first built in 1895.{{sfn|U.S. Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation|1895|page=363}}}}Great Lakes Register|1916|page=82}} Not known.

References

Notes
{{notelist}}
Citations
1. ^1 {{cite news|title=Two More Large Vessels Afloat|work=The Plain Dealer|date=October 18, 1903|page=10}}
2. ^1 {{cite news|last=Callahan|first=George V.|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=October 4, 1927|page=25}}
3. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Callahan|first=George V.|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=October 25, 1923|page=12}}
4. ^{{cite news|last=Callahan|first=George V.|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=March 18, 1924|page=21}}
5. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Wallbank|first=Derek|title=Introducing the new, super-sized 'Hon. James L. Oberstar'|work=Minnesota Post|date=March 7, 2011|accessdate=October 12, 2017|url=https://www.minnpost.com/dc-dispatches/2011/03/introducing-new-super-sized-hon-james-l-oberstar}}
6. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=What's In A Name?|work=Ships Monthly|date=June 2011|page=19|accessdate=October 12, 2017|url=https://issuu.com/kelseypublishing/docs/ships_monthly_june_2011}}
7. ^{{cite news|title=Giant Steamer Is King of the Lakes|work=The Plain Dealer|date=July 2, 1911|page=4}}
8. ^{{cite news|last=Blossom|first=Stephen A.|title=Ore Boat Chartered By Republic Steel|work=The Plain Dealer|date=March 14, 1969|page=C8}}
9. ^1 {{cite news|title=Cliffs Buys Ship|work=The Plain Dealer|date=December 23, 1971|page=C4}}
10. ^{{cite news|last=Patch|first=David|title=S.S. Boyer's name change to Schoonmaker a part of weekend festivities|work=Toledo Blade|date=July 1, 2011|accessdate=September 22, 2017|url=http://www.toledoblade.com/local/2011/07/01/S-S-Boyer-s-name-change-a-part-of-weekend-festivities.html|postscript=none}}; {{cite news|last=Patch|first=David|title=Museum ship is tugged to new spot on Maumee|work=Toledo Blade|date=October 28, 2012|accessdate=September 22, 2017|url=http://www.toledoblade.com/local/2012/10/28/Dozens-gather-on-river-banks-to-watch-its-journey-on-the-river.html}}
11. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|title=Interlake Steamship Co.|work=Marine Review|date=May 1913|page=184|accessdate=January 12, 2016|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jpLlAAAAMAAJ}}
12. ^{{cite news|title=Around the Great Lakes|work=Marine Review|date=October 15, 1903|page=27|accessdate=October 13, 2017|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LnM-AQAAMAAJ}}
13. ^1 {{cite news|last=Dean|first=Jewell R.|title=Lake Ore Movement Sets September High|work=The Plain Dealer|date=October 2, 1943|page=16}}
14. ^{{cite news|last=Dean|first=Jewell R.|title=Second Lake Freighter Sunk in Day After Crash With Cleveland Vessel|work=The Plain Dealer|date=June 16, 1943|page=5}}
15. ^{{cite news|last=Callahan|first=George V.|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=September 29, 1929|page=A14}}
16. ^1 {{cite news|last=Dean|first=Jewell R.|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=May 27, 1943|page=18}}
17. ^1 {{cite news|last=Dean|first=Jewell R.|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=August 26, 1943|page=9|postscript=none}}; {{cite news|last=Dean|first=Jewell R.|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=August 28, 1943|page=10}}
18. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|last=Blossom|first=Stephen A.|title=New York Firm Buys 2 More 'Old Lakers'|work=The Plain Dealer|date=January 11, 1966|page=25}}
19. ^{{cite news|last=Dean|first=Jewell R.|title=Bethlehem Purchases 2 U.S.-Built Ore Ships|work=The Plain Dealer|date=October 23, 1943|page=3}}
20. ^{{cite news|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=May 1, 1927|page=23}}
21. ^{{cite news|last=Hendrickson|first=Homer|title=689-Foot Ore Carrier Launched At Detroit|work=The Plain Dealer|date=February 20, 1959|page=38}}
22. ^1 {{cite news|last=Lindberg|first=Brad|title=A century of shipping|work=Grosse Pointe News|date=April 11, 2013|accessdate=October 12, 2017|url=http://www.grossepointenews.com/Articles-News-i-2013-04-11-249455.114135-A-century-of-shipping.html}}
23. ^{{cite news|title=Inter-Lake Steamship Company Formed, Controlling 56 Freighters|work=The New York Times|date=April 26, 1913|page=13}}
24. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Ellison|first=Garrett|title=Wreck of the Hydrus, lost in 1913 storm, discovered in Lake Huron|work=Grand Rapids Press|date=November 9, 2015|accessdate=September 22, 2017|url=http://www.mlive.com/news/index.ssf/2015/11/wreck_of_the_hydrus_lost_in_19.html}}
25. ^{{cite news|title=Named For The Senetor|work=The Plain Dealer|date=January 19, 1899|page=6}}
26. ^{{cite news|title=Great Lakes Red Book|work=The Marine Review|date=May 1916|page=174|accessdate=September 22, 2017|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MWQ-AQAAMAAJ}}
27. ^1 {{cite news|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=November 20, 1926|page=11}}
28. ^{{cite news|last=Blossom|first=Stephen A.|title=1st 1,000-Footer Built On Lakes Almost Ready|work=The Plain Dealer|date=May 16, 1976|page=B1}}
29. ^1 {{cite news|last=Whelan|first=Ned|title=Ruling the Waves|work=Inside Business|date=November–December 2012|url=http://ibmag.com/Main/Archive/Ruling_the_Waves_12253.aspx|accessdate=January 17, 2016}}
30. ^{{cite news|last=Callahan|first=George V.|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=January 15, 1927|page=19}}
31. ^1 {{cite news|title=Line Boat Merger To Be Known Soon|work=The Plain Dealer|date=January 7, 1916|page=17}}
32. ^{{cite news|title=Miner|work=The Plain Dealer|date=June 12, 1977|page=Section 7—4}}
33. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|title=Inter-Lake Buys $3,000,000 Fleet|work=The Plain Dealer|date=December 31, 1915|page=13}}
34. ^{{cite news|title=Another Big Ship Ordered|work=The Plain Dealer|date=September 17, 1902|page=8}}
35. ^1 {{cite news|last=Callahan|first=George V.|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=November 20, 1926|page=11}}
36. ^{{cite news|title=Marine News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=March 16, 1927|page=26}}
37. ^{{cite news|last=Blossom|first=Stephen A.|title=Many Obsolete Bulk Carriers Being Sold, Towed Overseas|work=The Plain Dealer|date=August 28, 1968|page=33}}
38. ^{{cite news|title=Shipping News|work=The Plain Dealer|date=December 29, 1891|page=6}}
39. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|title=Interlake Offers New Stock At 120|work=The Plain Dealer|date=January 7, 1916|page=16}}
40. ^{{cite news|title=Lake Hides Secret of Lost Boat|work=The Plain Dealer|date=September 26, 1924|page=1|postscript=}}; {{cite news|title=Institute Search for Missing Freight Vessel|work=Dixon Evening Telegraph|date=September 25, 1924|page=1|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14567447/|accessdate=November 6, 2017}}
41. ^{{cite news|title=Third Launch of the Season|work=The Plain Dealer|date=January 6, 1901|page=12}}
42. ^{{cite news|title=In 1883 Pickands Mather opened for business with 13/20th interest in a wooden steamer|work=Seaway Review|date=Summer 1981|page=55}}
43. ^1 {{cite news|title=Marine Matters|work=The Plain Dealer|date=December 20, 1892|page=2}}
44. ^1 {{cite news|title=Destruction of a Famous Vessel|work=The Marine Review|date=September 21, 1905|page=34|accessdate=September 22, 2017|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MR05AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA7-PA34}}
45. ^{{cite news|title=Launch of the Pendennis White|work=Marine Review|date=November 16, 1905|page=24|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MR05AQAAMAAJ}}
46. ^1 {{cite news|title=Big Great Lakes Merger|work=The New York Times|date=April 26, 1913|accessdate=March 15, 2016|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1913/04/26/100262607.html}}
47. ^{{cite news|title=First Boat of the Century|work=The Plain Dealer|date=January 3, 1901|page=8}}
48. ^1 {{cite news|last=Dean|first=Jewel R.|title=Father of Ohio River Flood Plan Sent Here|work=The Plain Dealer|date=April 19, 1941|page=11}}
49. ^{{cite news|title=Five Ships Worked|work=The Plain Dealer|date=May 8, 1958|page=38}}
50. ^1 {{cite news|last=Champion|first=Brandon|title=Shipwreck explorers solve 75-year-old mystery surrounding William B. Davock freighter sunk in Lake Michigan|work=Muskegon Chronicle|date=March 11, 2015|accessdate=September 22, 2017|url=http://www.mlive.com/news/muskegon/index.ssf/2015/03/what_sunk_the_william_b_davock.html}}
51. ^{{cite news|last=Widman|first=Richard C.|title=On View: Biggest Vessel to Sail Great Lakes|work=The Plain Dealer|date=April 24, 1981|page=Plain Dealer Magazine 18}}
52. ^{{cite news|title=M/V Paul R. Tregurtha—The Largest Vessel to Sail Great Lakes|work=Marine Insight|date=December 28, 2015|accessdate=September 22, 2017|url=http://www.marineinsight.com/types-of-ships/mv-paul-r-tregurtha-the-largest-vessel-to-sail-great-lakes/}}
53. ^1 {{cite news|title=Plenty Of New Work In Sight|work=The Plain Dealer|date=May 9, 1903|page=9}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book|ref=harv|author=American Bureau of Shipping|title=Record of the American Bureau of Shipping|location=New York|publisher=American Bureau of Shipping|date=1898|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433019094519}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|author=American Bureau of Shipping|title=Record of the American Bureau of Shipping|location=New York|publisher=American Bureau of Shipping|date=1904|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433019094204}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|author=American Bureau of Shipping|title=Record of the American Bureau of Shipping|location=New York|publisher=American Bureau of Shipping|date=1905|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433019094212}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|author=American Bureau of Shipping|title=Record of the American Bureau of Shipping|location=New York|publisher=American Bureau of Shipping|date=1906|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433019094220}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|author=American Bureau of Shipping|title=Record of the American Bureau of Shipping|location=New York|publisher=American Bureau of Shipping|date=1933}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Ashworth|first=William|title=The Late, Great Lakes: An Environmental History|location=Detroit|publisher=Wayne State University Press|date=1987|isbn=9780814318874|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qWKjS_yB-GoC}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Bawal|first=Raymond A.|title=Ships of the St. Clair River|location=St. Clair, Mich.|publisher=Inland Expressions|date=2008|isbn=9780981815718|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HFlayPWSg2AC}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Bawal|first=Raymond A.|title=Twilight of the Great Lakes Steamer|location=Clinton Township, Mich.|publisher=Inland Expressions|date=2009|isbn=9780981815725|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jTvTlPjm40IC}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Bawal|first=Raymond A.|title=Superships of the Great Lakes: Thousand-Foot Ships on the Great Lakes|location=Clinton Township, Mich.|publisher=Inland Expressions|date=2011|isbn=9780981815749|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_LTqoJtyM5MC}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Beeson|first=Harvey C.|title=Beeson's Marine Directory of the Northwestern Lakes|location=Chicago|publisher=The Beeson-Payne Co.|date=1900|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015021114015}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Beeson|first=Harvey C.|title=Beeson's Marine Directory of the Northwestern Lakes|location=Chicago|publisher=The Beeson-Payne Co.|date=1901|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015071185105}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Beeson|first=Harvey C.|title=Beeson's Marine Directory of the Northwestern Lakes|location=Chicago|publisher=The Beeson-Payne Co.|date=1902|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015006414091}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Beeson|first=Harvey C.|title=Beeson's Marine Directory of the Northwestern Lakes|location=Chicago|publisher=The Beeson-Payne Co.|date=1908|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wX3VAAAAMAAJ}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Beeson|first=Harvey C.|title=Beeson's Marine Directory of the Northwestern Lakes|location=Chicago|publisher=The Beeson-Payne Co.|date=1909|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5X3VAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Blume|first=Kenneth J.|title=Historical Dictionary of the U.S. Maritime Industrylocation=Lanham, Md.|publisher=Scarecrow Press|date=2012|isbn=9780810856349|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r_jTIbdFUnYC}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Bowlus|first=W. Bruce|title=Iron Ore Transport on the Great Lakes: The Development of a Delivery System to Feed American Industry|location=Jefferson, N.C.|publisher=McFarland|date=2010|isbn=9780786433261|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nyGjHG1PaUEC}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Brown|first=Curt|title=So Terrible A Storm: A Tale of Fury on Lake Superior|location=Minneapolis|publisher=Voyageur Press|date=2008|isbn=9780760340127|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mv8XFWqKVOEC}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Devendorf|first=John F.|title=Great Lakes Bulk Carriers, 1869-1985|location=Niles, Mich.|publisher=J.F. Devendorf|date=1996|isbn=9781889043036}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|author=Great Lakes Register|title=Great Lakes Register for the Construction and Classification of Steel and Wooden Vessels. Volume 18|location=Cleveland|publisher=Great Lakes Register|date=1916|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015057176235}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Greenwood|first=John Orville|title=Namesakes II: A Factual Photostory of Former Vessels on the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River During the Period 1940–1972|location=Cleveland|publisher=Freshwater Press|date=1973}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Greenwood|first=John Orville|title=The Five Fleets of James A. Paisley and Fourteen fleets of James Playfair|location=Cleveland|publisher=Freshwater Press|date=1997|isbn=9780912514345}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Havighurst|first=Walter|title=Vein of Iron: The Pickands, Mather Story|location=Cleveland, Ohio|publisher=World Publishing Co.|date=1958|url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015030606977}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Joachim|first=George J.|title=Iron Fleet: The Great Lakes in World War II|location=Detroit|publisher=Wayne State University Press|date=1994|isbn=9780814324790|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=131s2qIsHTYC}}
  • {{cite book|ref={{sfnRef|Lloyd's Register|1902}}|author=|title=Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping|location=London|publisher=Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping|date=1902|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R0EgAQAAMAAJ}}
  • {{cite report|ref=harv|author=Maritime Administration|title=Bulk Carriers in the World Fleet|location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=U.S. Department of Transportation|date=September 1988|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c101834841}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=McCormick|first=Daniel C.|title=The Wishbone Fleet|location=Massena, N.Y.|publisher=D. McCormick|date=1972}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last1=McDowell|first1=Carl E.|last2=Gibbs|first2=Helen M.|title=Ocean Transportation|location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=BeardBooks|date=1999|isbn=9781893122451|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ZdsWLJmk10C}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Reynolds|first1=Terry S.|last2=Dawson|first2=Virginia P.|title=Iron Will: Cleveland-Cliffs and the Mining of Iron Ore, 1847–2006|location=Detroit, Michigan|publisher=Wayne State University Press |year=2011|isbn=9780814336434|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GoXNi5gkTOgC|page=109|ref=harv}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Mills|first=Rodney|title=Wooden Steamers on the Great Lakes|location=Vermilion, Ohio|publisher=Great Lakes Historical Society|date=2002|isbn=9780940741003}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|author=Moody's Investors Service|title=Moody's Manual of Investments|location=New York|publisher=Moody's Investors Service|date=1930}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Smith|first=Maurice D.|title=Steamboats on the Lakes: Two Centuries of Steamboat Travel Through Ontario's Waterways|location=Toronto|publisher=J. Lorimer|date=2005|isbn=9781550288858|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qYmpCPVwzcQC}}
  • {{cite book|last=Stonehouse|first=Frederick|title=Lake Superior's "Shipwreck Coast": A Survey of Maritime Accidents From Whitefish Bay's Point Iroquois to Grand Marais, Michigan|location=Au Train, Mich.|publisher=Avery Color Studios|date=1985|isbn=9780932212436}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Thompson|first=Mark L.|title=Queen of the Lakes|location=Detroit|publisher=Wayne State University Press|date=1994|isbn=9780814323939|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=irtD2o_uQ88C}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|author=U.S. Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation|title=Merchant Vessels of the United States|location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=Government Printing Office|date=1895|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ycpAQAAIAAJ}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|author=U.S. Bureau of Navigation|title=Forty-Eighth Annual List of Merchant Vessels of the United States|location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=Government Printing Office|date=1917|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3S8pAQAAIAAJ}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last1=Van der Linden|first1=Peter J.|last2=Bascom|first2=John H.|title=Great Lakes Ships We Remember. Volume 1|location=Cleveland|publisher=Freshwater Press|date=1984|isbn=9780912514246}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Wolff|first=Julius F.|title=The Shipwrecks of Lake Superior|location=Duluth, Minn.|publisher=Lake Superior Marine Museum Association|date=1979}}
  • {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Wright|first=Richard J.|title=Freshwater Whales: A History of the American Ship Building Company and Its Predecessors|location=Kent, Ohio|publisher=Kent State University Press|date=1969|isbn=9780873380539}}

2 : Pickands Mather|Lists of ships
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/9/21 17:47:16