| 词条 | List of shipwrecks in April 1865 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The list of shipwrecks in April 1865 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during April 1865. {{expand list|date=February 2019}}
1 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=1 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= Bertrand |flag={{flagcountry|United States|45 stars}} |desc=Carrying a cargo of agricultural goods, clothes, food, machinery, mercury, mining supplies, whiskey, and Union Army howitzer ammunition to mining districts in Montana Territory, the 251-ton sidewheel paddle steamer sank in 8 feet (2.4 meters) of water five to ten minutes after striking a snag in the Desoto Bend of the Missouri River at {{coord|41|31|24|N|96|1|44|W|name=Bertrand (steamboat)}}, near what is now Blair, Nebraska.[1] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship={{USS|Rodolph|1863|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1865}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: While operating as a minesweeper, the tinclad sternwheel paddle steamer struck a Confederate mine in the Blakeley River in Alabama and sank with the loss of four crewmen killed and 11 injured.[2] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 3 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=3 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= CSS Beaufort |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The armed tug was scuttled in the James River near Drewry's Bluff, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[3] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Edward Cary |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The whaler, a full-rigged ship, was burned at Lea Harbor, Ponape, in the Pacific Ocean by the merchant raider CSS Shenandoah ({{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}}). Shenandoah had captured her at Lea Harbor on 1 April.[4][5][4][5][6] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Fredericksburg |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The ironclad warship was burned and scuttled in the James River near Drewry's Bluff, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][7] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Hampton |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The screw gunboat was burned in the James River at Richmond, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][8] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Harvest |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The whaler, a bark, was captured, run aground, and burned at Lea Harbor, Ponape, in the Pacific Ocean by the merchant raider CSS Shenandoah ({{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}}).[4][5][6] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Hector |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The whaler, a full-rigged ship, was captured, run onto a reef, and burned at Lea Harbor, Ponape, in the Pacific Ocean by the merchant raider CSS Shenandoah ({{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}}).[4][5][6] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Nansemond |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The gunboat was burned and scuttled in the James River at Drewry's Bluff, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][9] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Patrick Henry |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The sidewheel paddle steamer, schoolship of the Confederate States Naval Academy ({{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}}) was burned at Rocketts Navy Yard in Richmond, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][10] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Pearl |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The whaler, a bark, was captured, run aground, stripped, and burned at Lea Harbor, Ponape, in the Pacific Ocean by the merchant raider CSS Shenandoah ({{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}}).[4][5][6] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Richmond |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The ironclad ram was burned and scuttled in the James River near Drewry's Bluff, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][11] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Roanoke |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The gunboat was burned in the James River at Richmond, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][11] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Shrapnel |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The torpedo boat was burned in the James River at Richmond, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces.[2][31] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Torpedo |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The torpedo boat tender, a screw steamer, was partially burned and sunk in the James River at Richmond, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces. She was refloated by Union forces in May.[2][12][13] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Virginia II |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The ironclad warship was burned and scuttled on the James River near Drewry's Bluff, Virginia, to prevent her capture by Union forces. The fire caused her ammunition magazine to explode.[2][14] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 4 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=4 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Seaboard |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: Captured by Union Army troops and the armed tug {{USS|Lilac|1863|6}} ({{navy|United States|1864}}) at Upper Tree Hill Bridge on the James River below Richmond, Virginia, the tug struck a snag on the James at Drewry's Bluff and was run aground. She later was refloated.[15] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 5 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=5 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Mystic |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The 154-ton sidewheel paddle steamer was captured and burned on the Neuse River in North Carolina by troops of the 67th North Carolina Regiment ({{army|Confederate States of America|1865}}).[16] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Unidentified transport |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The transport, carrying a cargo of commissary stores, was captured and burned on the Neuse River in North Carolina near Cowpen Landing by troops of the 67th North Carolina Regiment ({{army|Confederate States of America|1865}}).[17] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 7 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=7 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Minquas (or Minquass) |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The 160-ton sidehweel paddle steamer and two barges carrying quartermaster and commissary supplies she was towing were captured and burned on the Neuse River in North Carolina by troops of the 67th North Carolina Regiment ({{army|Confederate States of America|1865}}).[18] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Unidentified ironclad |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The incomplete ironclad warship was destroyed by Confederate forces while still on the building ways at Edwards Ferry in North Carolina.[19]}}{{shipwreck list end}} 8 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=8 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Unidentified floating battery |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The floating battery was sunk in shallow water by a drifting Confederate mine while anchored in the Roanoke River 8 miles (13 km) above Plymouth, North Carolina, then was burned by a launch from the gunboat {{USS|Iosco}} ({{navy|United States|1864}}) and a cutter from the gunboat {{USS|Mattabesett|1863|6}} ({{navy|United States|1864}}).[19] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 11 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=11 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Annie |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The sloop, carrying a cargo of cotton, was captured in the Gulf of Mexico off the Crystal River in Florida by the schooner {{USS|Sea Bird|1863|6}} ({{navy|United States|1864}}) and subsequently destroyed.[2] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Florida |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The sloop, carrying a cargo of cotton, was captured and scuttled in the Gulf of Mexico off the Crystal River in Florida by the schooner {{USS|Sea Bird|1863|6}} ({{navy|United States|1864}}) and subsequently destroyed.[2][20]}}{{shipwreck list end}} 12 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=12 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= CSS Huntsville |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War:The ironclad warship was scuttled at {{coord|30.76924|-88.02053|name=CSS Huntsville}} in the Spanish River in Alabama to avoid capture by Union forces. }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Tuscaloosa |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The ironclad ram was scuttled at {{coord|30.76924|-88.02053|name=CSS Tuscaloosa (ironclad)}} in the Spanish River 12 miles (19 km) north of Mobile, Alabama, to avoid capture by Union forces.[21]}}{{shipwreck list end}} 13 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=13 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship={{USS|Ida}} |flag={{navy|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The screw steamer sank in Mobile Bay off the coast of Alabama after striking a Confederate mine.[2] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 14 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=14 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Augusta |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War, Wilson's Raid: Carrying a cargo of coffee and bacon, the steamer was captured on the Coosa River by the 4th Kentucky Cavalry Regiment ({{flag|United States|1864|name=Union Army}}). She was taken to Montgomery, Alabama, and burned.[22] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Henry J. King |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War, Wilson's Raid: The steamer was captured on the Coosa River by the 4th Kentucky Cavalry Regiment ({{flag|United States|1864|name=Union Army}}) . She was taken to Montgomery, Alabama, and burned.[23] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Milliner |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War, Wilson's Raid: The steamer was captured on the Coosa River by the 4th Kentucky Cavalry Regiment ({{flag|United States|1864|name=Union Army}}). She was taken to Montgomery, Alabama, and burned.[24] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship={{USS|Sciota|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The gunboat sank in Mobile Bay off Mobile, Alabama, after striking a Confederate mine.[2] Her wreck was raised and sold later in 1865. }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Two unidentified steamboats |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War, Wilson's Raid: The steamboats, carrying cargoes of cotton, corn, and commissary stores, were captured on the Coosa River by the 4th Kentucky Cavalry Regiment ({{flag|United States|1864|name=Union Army}}). They were taken to Montgomery, Alabama, and burned.[25] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 16 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=16 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Ellwood |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=The 171-ton sidewheel paddle steamer burned on the Hatchie River in Tennessee.[26]}}{{shipwreck list end}} 17 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=17 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= CSS Chattahoochee |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War, Battle of Columbus: The screw gunboat was scuttled in the Chattahoochee River at Columbus, Georgia, to prevent her capture by Union forces. }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Jackson |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War, Battle of Columbus: The ironclad ram, captured by Union Army ({{flag|United States|1865}}) cavalry forces the previous day, was burned and sunk in the Chattahoochee River between Columbus, Georgia, and Girard, Alabama, to prevent Confederate forces from recapturing her. }}{{shipwreck list end}} 19 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=19 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Denbigh |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The blockade runner ran aground on the bar at Galveston, Texas, while trying to put to sea. She was refloated and continued her voyage after her crew threw 200 bales of cotton overboard.[2] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Lady Jane |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=The 40-ton steamer struck a bridge on the Mississippi River at Rock Island, Illinois, and sank with the loss of one life.[27] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 22 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=22 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= {{USS|Black Hawk|1848|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The armed sidewheel paddle steamer was destroyed by an accidental fire and ammunition magazine explosion and sank on the Ohio River three miles (4.8 km) above Cairo, Illinois, with the loss of four lives. The gunboat {{USS|Tempest|1862|6}} ({{navy|United States|1864}}) rescued most or all of her survivors. Black Hawk was refloated in 1867 and sold for scrap.[28] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 24 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=24 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= Black Diamond |flag={{flagicon|UKGBI}} New Zealand |desc=The 100-ton brigantine was wrecked at New Plymouth, where she had travelled with a load of timber from Havelock. She drifted ashore and holed, sinking with most of her cargo. All hands were saved.[29]}}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|O. M. Pettit|1857|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1865}} |desc=American Civil War: The sidewheel tug sank in the Savannah River near Hammond, Georgia. She was refloated, repaired, and returned to service.[30] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= CSS Webb |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America|1865}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The ram was run aground and burned by her crew on the Mississippi River 25 miles (40 km) below New Orleans, Louisiana, to prevent her capture by Union forces. }}{{shipwreck list end}} 27 April{{shipwreck list begin |date=27 April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= Sultana |flag={{flag|United States|1865}} |desc= The sidewheel paddle steamer was destroyed on the Mississippi River {{convert|4|mi|km}} south of Memphis, Tennessee, by a boiler explosion and fire. Estimates of the number of dead range from 1,100 to 1,547, with the most recent evidence indicating that 1,196 passengers and crew lost their lives. One estimate places the number of survivors as low as 931, although the most recent estimate is that 959 survived. }} {{shipwreck list end}}Unknown date{{shipwreck list begin |date=Unknown date April 1865 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= Alpha |flag={{flagicon|UKGBI}} New Zealand |desc=The cutter went ashore at Patea and became wrecked.[29]}}{{shipwreck list item |ship= Clara Poe |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The 208-ton sternwheel paddle steamer was burned by Confederate forces on the Cumberland River at Eddyville, Kentucky, on 15 or 17 April.[31] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= General Whiting |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The 816-gross ton steamer′s hull was recovered near Wilmington, North Carolina, and was discovered to have had its midships section burned and its machinery stripped.[32] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Harriet DeFord |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: Captured by Confederate guerrillas in the Chesapeake Bay off Fairhaven, Maryland, on 4 April during a voyage from Patuxent to Baltimore, Maryland, the 149-ton screw steamer was burned to the waterline in Virginia on the Rappahannock River at Dimer's Creek on 5 or 7 April.[2][8] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|Rose|1863|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1864}} |desc=The 96-ton armed tug, a screw steamer, was sunk by a Confederate mine in Mobile Bay, Alabama, with the loss of two killed and three wounded. She was refloated, repaired, and returned to service.[33]}}{{shipwreck list item |ship= St. Paul |flag={{flag|United States|1864}} |desc=American Civil War: The steamer was burned on the Hatchie River in Tennessee by Confederate guerrillas who had captured her on 16 April, killing one of her deckhands in the process.[34] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= Scillonian |flag={{flagicon|UKGBI}} New Zealand |desc=The schooner went ashore and was wrecked at Waitotara while en route from Wellington to Patea.[35]}}{{shipwreck list end}} ReferencesNotes1. ^Gaines, pp. 105-106. 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 usnlp.org Navy Chronology of the Civil War, January-April 1865 3. ^Gaines, pp. 175-176. 4. ^1 2 3 4 Ahoy - Mac's Web Log "Marauders of the Sea, Confederate Merchant Raiders During the American Civil War: CSS Shenandoah. 1864-1865. Captain James I. Waddell" 5. ^1 2 3 4 [https://muse.jhu.edu/chapter/1436922 Project Muse: Appendix. List of Prizes Taken by the CSS Shenandoah. Kept by Lt. William C. Whittle, Jr.] 6. ^1 2 3 Gaines, p. 139. 7. ^Gaines, pp. 180-181. 8. ^1 Gaines, p. 182. 9. ^Gaines, p. 185. 10. ^Gaines, p. 186. 11. ^1 Gaines, p. 187. 12. ^[https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/confederate_ships/torpedo-screw-steamer.html Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Torpedo] 13. ^Gaines, p. 189. 14. ^Gaines, p. 190. 15. ^1 Gaines, p. 188. 16. ^Gaines, p. 124. 17. ^Gaines, p. 133. 18. ^Gaines, p. 123. 19. ^1 Gaines, p. 132. 20. ^Gaines, p. 40. 21. ^[https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/confederate_ships/tuscaloosa.html Naval History and Heritage Command: Confederate Ships: Tuscaloosa] 22. ^Gaines, p. 1. 23. ^Gaines, p. 3. 24. ^Gaines, p. 4. 25. ^Gaines, p. 8. 26. ^Gaines, p. 160. 27. ^Gaines, p. 98. 28. ^Gaines, p. 134. 29. ^1 Ingram & Wheatley, p. 110. 30. ^Gaines, p. 49. 31. ^Gaines, p. 54. 32. ^Gaines, p. 120. 33. ^Gaines, p. 6. 34. ^Gaines, p. 162. 35. ^Ingram & Wheatley, p. 109. Bibliography
3 : Lists of shipwrecks by year|Maritime incidents in 1865|April 1865 events |
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