| 词条 | List of shipwrecks in December 1861 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The list of shipwrecks in December 1861 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during December 1861. {{expand list|date=February 2019}}
3 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=3 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Vigilant |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War: During a voyage in ballast from New York City to Sombrero in the West Indies, where her crew intended to collect guano, the 1,100-ton armed full-rigged ship was captured and burned in the North Atlantic Ocean several hundred miles southeast of Bermuda at {{coord|29|10|N|57|22|W|name=Vigilant}} by the merchant raider CSS Sumter ({{navy|Confederate States of America}}).[1][2][3] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 5 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=5 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= {{USS|Phoenix|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The former whaler was scuttled as part of the "Stone Fleet" to form a breakwater off Tybee Island, Georgia. }}{{shipwreck list end}} 7 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=7 December 1862 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Messenger |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=The 254-ton steamer was stranded on the Ohio River at Rochester, Pennsylvania.[4] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 8 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=8 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= {{USS|Cossack|1861|6}} |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 254- or 256-ton bark, a former whaler, was beached at Tybee Island, Georgia, to form a wharf.[5] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Ebenezer Dodge |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War: Sailing from New Bedford, Massachusetts, to the Pacific Ocean with a crew of 22, the whaler, a bark, was captured and burned in the North Atlantic Ocean at {{coord|30|57|N|051|49|W|name=Ebenezer Dodge}} by the merchant raider CSS Sumter ({{navy|Confederate States of America}}).[1][2][6] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|Peter Demill|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The bark was beached at Tybee Island, Georgia, to form a wharf. }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|South America|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The former whaler was beached at Tybee Island, Georgia, to form a wharf. }}{{shipwreck list end}} 9 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=9 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= Columbus |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=The screw steamer was stranded at Punta Remedos, El Salvador.[7] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 10 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=10 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= Annie Taylor |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=The screw steamer was wrecked at Sabine Pass on the Gulf of Mexico coast of the Confederate States of America on the border between Louisiana and Texas.[8] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 11 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=11 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=James Montgomery |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=The 536-ton sidewheel paddle steamer struck a snag and sank in the Mississippi River at Devil's Island near Cape Girardeau, Missouri.[9] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 15 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=15 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Charity |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: Carrying general cargo including coffee, salt, shoes, and sugar, the 128-ton schooner was wrecked at Hatteras Inlet on the coast of North Carolina while being pursued by the screw gunboat {{USS|Stars and Stripes|1861|6}} ({{navy|United States|1861}}).[10] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Unidentified schooner |flag=Unknown |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: Carrying a cargo of coffee, cigars, blankets, shoes, and other goods, the schooner was driven ashore and burned off St. Andrews, Georgia, by the armed sidewheel paddle steamer {{USS|Bienville}} ({{navy|United States|1861}}).[11] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Unidentified schooner |flag=Unknown |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The schooner was destroyed in St. Simons Bay on the coast of Georgia by the armed sidewheel paddle steamer {{USS|Alabama|1850|6}} ({{navy|United States|1861}}).[12] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 17 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=17 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Oscar |flag={{flagicon|UKGBI}} Victoria (Australia) |desc=The steamer was wrecked on a sandbar at the mouth of the New River, New Zealand, while approaching Invercargill. She was on a Port Chalmers to Melbourne run.[13]}}{{shipwreck list end}} 19-20 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=19 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= {{USS|Amazon|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 318- or 319-ton bark, a former whaler filled with 325 short tons (295 metric tons/tonnes) of stone, was scuttled as a blockship on 19 or 20 December 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) southeast of Morris Island in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet."[14] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= America |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 418-ton full-rigged ship, a former whaler, was scuttled as a blockship 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) southeast of Morris Island in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[14] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|American|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 275 or 329-ton bark, a former whaler loaded with 300 short tons (272 metric tons/tonnes) of stone, was scuttled as a blockship 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) southeast of Morris Island in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[14] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|Archer|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 321-ton full-rigged ship, a former whaler loaded with 300 short tons (272 metric tons/tonnes) of stone, was scuttled as a blockship in the main channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[15] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= Courier |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 381-ton full-rigged ship, a former whaler loaded with 360 short tons (327 metric tons/tonnes) of stone, was scuttled as a blockship 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) southeast of Morris Island in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[14] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= Fortune |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 291–, 292-, or 310-ton bark, a former whaler, was scuttled as a blockship off Morris Island in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[16] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|Garland|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The vessel was scuttled as a blockship on 19 or 20 December as part of the "Stone Fleet." }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|Herald|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 274-ton full-rigged ship, a former whaler loaded with 240 short tons (218 metric tons/tonnes) of stone, was scuttled as a blockship off Morris Island in Charleston Harbor in Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[17] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|Kensington|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 357- or 400-ton full-rigged ship, loaded with 350 short tons (318 metric tons/tonnes) of stone, was scuttled as a blockship 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) southeast of Morris Island in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[18] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|L. C. Richmond|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 341-, 350-, or 383-ton full-rigged ship, a former whaler loaded with 200 short tons (181 metric tons/tonnes) of stone, was scuttled as a blockship about 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) southeast of Morris Island in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[19] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|Leonidas|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 231- or 320-ton bark, a former whaler loaded with 200 short tons (181 metric tons/tonnes) of stone, was scuttled as a blockship about 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) southeast of Morris Island in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[19] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= Maria Theresa |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 330-ton full-rigged ship, a former whaler loaded with 320 short tons (290 metric tons/tonnes) of stone, was scuttled as a blockship southeast of Morris Island in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[19] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= Potomac |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 350- or 356-ton full-rigged ship, a former whaler loaded with 350 short tons (318 metric tons/tonnes) of stone, was scuttled as a blockship in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[20] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|Rebecca Sims|1801|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 400-ton full-rigged ship, a former whaler also referred to as USS Rebecca Simms and USS Rebecca Ann loaded with 425 short tons (386 metric tons/tonnes) of stone, was scuttled as a blockship in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[28] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= Robin Hood |flag={{flag|United States|1860}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 395- or 400-ton full-rigged ship was scuttled as a blockship in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[28] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= William Lee |flag={{flag|United States|1860}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 311-ton full-rigged ship, a former whaler, was scuttled as a blockship in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet" on 19 or 20 December.[21] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 20 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=20 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= {{USS|Tenedos|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The 245- or 300-ton bark, a former merchant ship, was scuttled as a blockship in the Main Ship Channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet."[22] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 21 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=21 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Two unidentified flatboats |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The flatboats were captured and destroyed on the Rappahannock River in Virginia by the armed sidewheel paddle steamer {{USS|Coeur de Lion|1861|6}} ({{navy|United States|1861}}).[23] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 22 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=22 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Mary Willis |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: Holed below the waterline by Union artillery fire during a voyage with a cargo of wood, the schooner was run aground on the mudflats at Boyd's Hole on the Virginia shore of the Potomac River.[24] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 24 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=24 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Prince of Wales |flag={{flag|United Kingdom|civil}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The schooner, a blockade runner with a cargo of salt, fruit, and sundries, was set afire by her crew at the north end of North Island off Georgetown, South Carolina. Boats from the bark {{USS|Gem of the Sea|1861|6}} and the armed sidewheel paddle steamer {{USS|James Adger}} (both {{navy|United States|1861}}) captured her, but the boat crews burned her when Confederate rifle fire drove them off.[2][25] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 27 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=27 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=USRC Howell Cobb |flag= United States Revenue Marine |desc=The revenue cutter was wrecked on the coast of Massachusetts at Cape Ann during a gale. Her crew was rescued by the revenue cutter USRC Morris ( United States Revenue Marine).[26][27] }}{{shipwreck list end}} 29 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=29 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= {{HMS|Conqueror|1855|6}} |flag={{navy|United Kingdom}} |desc=The first-rate screw ship-of-the-line was wrecked on Rum Cay in the Bahamas due to a navigational error. All 1,400 people on board survived. }}{{shipwreck list end}} 31 December{{shipwreck list begin |date=31 December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship=Unidentified gunboat |flag={{navy|Confederate States of America}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The gunboat, a former lightvessel, was destroyed in the Atlantic Ocean off Wilmington, North Carolina, by boat crews from the armed screw steamer {{USS|Mount Vernon|1859|6}} ({{navy|United States|1861}}).[2] }}{{shipwreck list end}} Unknown date{{shipwreck list begin |date=Unknown date December 1861 |sort=}}{{shipwreck list item|ship= Bianca |flag={{flag|United States|1861}} |desc=Carrying a cargo of wood, the schooner ran aground on the coast of California at Salt Point.[28] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Huon |flag={{flagicon|UKGBI}} New Zealand |desc=The schooner was wrecked on a sandbar at the mouth of the Taieri River, New Zealand, sometime prior to 14 December.[29]}}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|Lewis|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The full-rigged ship, a former whaler slated for use as a blockship in the "Stone Fleet," ran aground and broke open her bilge near Tybee Island, Georgia.[30] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|Maria Theresa|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The ship was scuttled as a blockship in Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, about four miles south-southeast of Fort Sumter and three miles east-southeast of the lighthouse on Morris Island as part of the "Stone Fleet." }}{{shipwreck list item |ship=Pizarro |flag={{flag|Confederate States of America|1861}} |desc=The 419-bulk-ton steamer vanished after departing New Orleans, Louisiana, on 11 December. She probably foundered in a storm in the Gulf of Mexico.[12] }}{{shipwreck list item |ship= {{USS|Robin Hood|1861|6}} |flag={{navy|United States|1861}} |desc=American Civil War, Union blockade: The former East Indiaman was scuttled as a blockship in the main channel of Charleston Harbor off Charleston, South Carolina, as part of the "Stone Fleet." }}{{shipwreck list end}} ReferencesNotes1. ^1 Ahoy - Mac's Web Log "Marauders of the Sea, Confederate Merchant Raiders During the American Civil War: CSS Sumter. 1861-1862. Captain Raphael Semmes" 2. ^1 2 3 usnlp.org Navy Chronology of the Civil War, July-December 1861 3. ^Gaines, p. 16. 4. ^Gaines, p. 140. 5. ^Gaines, p. 47. 6. ^Gaines, p. 14. 7. ^Gaines, p. 35. 8. ^Gaines, p. 167. 9. ^Gaines, p. 97. 10. ^Gaines, p. 115. 11. ^Gaines, p. 51. 12. ^1 Gaines, p. 52. 13. ^Ingram & Wheatley, pp. 74-75. 14. ^1 2 3 Gaines, p. 141. 15. ^Gaines, p. 143. 16. ^Gaines, p. 146. 17. ^Gaines, p. 148. 18. ^Gaines, pp. 149-150. 19. ^1 2 Gaines, p. 150. 20. ^Gaines, p. 153. 21. ^Gaines, p. 157. 22. ^Gaines, p. 156. 23. ^Gaines, p. 191. 24. ^Gaines, p. 185. 25. ^1 2 Gaines, p. 154. 26. ^Gaines, p. 80. 27. ^[https://www.uscg.mil/history/webcutters/Cobb_1857.pdf uscg.mil HOWELL COBB (1857 USRC)] 28. ^Gaines, p. 25. 29. ^Ingram & Wheatley, p. 74. 30. ^Gaines, p. 48. Bibliography
3 : Lists of shipwrecks by year|Maritime incidents in 1861|December 1861 events |
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