| 词条 | Loncastuximab tesirine |
| 释义 |
| type = mab | image = | alt = | mab_type = mab | source = zu | target = CD19 | pronounce = | tradename = | Drugs.com = | MedlinePlus = | pregnancy_AU = | pregnancy_US = | pregnancy_category= | legal_AU = | legal_AU_comment = | legal_BR = | legal_BR_comment = | legal_CA = | legal_UK = | legal_US = | legal_UN = | legal_NZ = | legal_status = Investigational | routes_of_administration = | bioavailability = | protein_bound = | metabolism = | metabolites = | onset = | elimination_half-life = | duration_of_action= | excretion = | CAS_number = 1879918-31-6 | ATC_prefix = none | ATC_suffix = | PubChem = | DrugBank = | ChemSpiderID = none | C = 6544 | H = 10048 | N = 1718 | O = 2064 | S = 52 | molecular_weight = 147.5 g/mol | UNII = 7K5O7P6QIU | KEGG = D11338 | synonyms = ADCT-402 }} Loncastuximab tesirine or ADCT-402 is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized antibody targeting the protein CD19, which is expressed in a wide range of B cell hematological tumors.[1] The experimental drug, developed by ADC Therapeutics is being tested in clinical trials for the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). TechnologyThe humanized monoclonal antibody is stochastically conjugated via a valine-alanine cleavable, maleimide linker to a cytotoxic (anticancer) pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer. The antibody binds to CD19, a protein which is highly expressed on the surface of B-cell hematological tumors[2], including certain forms of lymphomas and leukemias. After binding to the tumor cells the antibody is internalized, the cytotoxic drug PBD is released and the cancer cells are killed. PBD dimers are generated out of PBD monomers, a class of natural products produced by various actinomycetes. PBD dimers work by crosslinking specific sites of the DNA, blocking the cancer cells’ division that cause the cells to die. As a class of DNA-crosslinking agents they are significantly more potent than systemic chemotherapeutic drugs.[3] Clinical trialsTwo phase I trials are evaluating the drug in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.[4][5] At the 14th International Conference on Malignant Lymphoma interim results from a Phase I, open-label, dose-escalating study designed to evaluate the treatment of loncastuximab tesirine in relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma were presented.[6] Among the patients enrolled at the time of the data cutoff the overall response rate was 61% in the total patient population (42% complete response and 19% partial response) and in patients with relapsing or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) the overall response rate was 57% (43% complete response and 14% partial response).[7][8] Orphan drug designationLoncastuximab tesirine was granted Orphan Drug Designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma.[9] References1. ^ WHO Drug Information: International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances {{Monoclonals for tumors}}2. ^ National Center for Biotechnology Information: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3520838/ CD19: a biomarker for B cell development, lymphoma diagnosis and therapy] 3. ^ ADC Review: [https://adcreview.com/adc-university/adcs-101/cytotoxic-agents/pyrrolobenzodiazepine-pbd/ Pyrrolobenzodiazepine] 4. ^ U.S. National Institute of Health: [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02669017?term=adct-402&rank=1 Clinical Trials - ADCT-402 in B-NHL] 5. ^ U.S. National Institute of Health: [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show?term=adct-402&rank=2 Clinical Trials - ADCT-402 in B-ALL] 6. ^Wiley Online Library: First clinical results of ADCT-402 7. ^ADC Review: [https://adcreview.com/news/first-clinical-data-adct-402-demonstrates-encouraging-antitumor-activity-rr-non-hodgkin-lymphoma/ First clinical results of ADCT-402] 8. ^Mirror article: [https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/grandfather-fighting-deadly-cancer-reveals-10732751 Grandfather fighting deadly cancer reveals scans of tumors after testing new drug] 9. ^ADC Therapeutics press release: ADCT-402 Orphan Drug Designation 3 : Experimental cancer drugs|Monoclonal antibodies for tumors|Antibody-drug conjugates |
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