“Lord Howe Marine Park”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Lord Howe Marine Park

释义

Conservation values
Species and habitat Bioregions and ecology
History
Former reserves
Summary of protection zones
See also
References
External links

{{Infobox protected area
| name = Lord Howe Marine Park
| iucn_category = IV
| photo =
| photo_caption =
| map_image =

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  "type": "ExternalData",  "service": "geoshape",  "ids": "Q55353602",  "properties": {    "title": "Lord Howe Marine Park",    "fill": "#447F06",    "stroke-width": 0  }

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| map_caption = Map showing the Lord Howe Marine Park. The shaded areas are National Park Zones ('no take' zones).^[1]
| coords = {{coord|-32.059|159.056}}
| coords_ref= ^[2]
| location = Australia
| area_km2 = 110,126
| area_ref =
| established = 1 July 2018
| operator = Parks Australia
| website = https://parksaustralia.gov.au/marine/parks/temperate-east
}}

The Lord Howe Marine Park (formerly known as the Lord Howe Commonwealth Marine Reserve) is an Australian marine park located about {{convert|550|km|abbr=on}} offshore of New South Wales, near Lord Howe Island. The marine park covers an area of {{convert|110,126|km2|abbr=on}}, encompassing the smaller Lord Howe Island Marine Park, and is assigned IUCN category IV. It is one of 8 parks managed under the Temperate East Marine Parks Network.^[3]

Conservation values

Species and habitat

Biologically important areas for protected humpback whales and a number of migratory seabirds.
A major seabird breeding area, with 14 species found on the islands including masked boobys, grey ternlets, red-tailed tropicbirds, black-winged petrels and Kermadec petrels
Key location for black cod
Due to the convergence of warmer northern tropical and cooler southern temperate waters in the area, many species found in the reserve are at the northern or southern extent of their range.^[4]

Bioregions and ecology

Examples of the ecosystems of the Lord Howe Province and the Tasman Basin Province provincial bioregion.
Represents seafloor features including: basin, plateau, saddle, seamount/guyot and deep ocean valley
Lord Howe seamount chain, Elizabeth Reef, Middleton Reef and the Tasman Front and eddy field (areas of high productivity; aggregations of marine life; biodiversity and endemism).^[4]

History

The marine park was proclaimed under the EPBC Act on 14 December 2013 and renamed Lord Howe Marine Park on 9 October 2017.^[3] The management plan and protection measures of the marine park came into effect for the first time on 1 July 2018.

Former reserves

The Lord Howe Marine Park includes areas of the former Lord Howe Island Marine Park (Commonwealth waters) (proclaimed 2000) and Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs Marine National Nature Reserve (proclaimed 1987).^[3]

Summary of protection zones

The Lord Howe Marine Park has been assigned IUCN protected area category IV. However, within the marine park there are five protection zones, each zone has an IUCN category and related rules for managing activities to ensure the protection of marine habitats and species.^[3]

The following table is a summary of the zoning rules within the Lord Howe Marine Park:^[3]

Zone	IUCN	Activities permitted						Total area (km²)
Zone	IUCN	Vessel transiting	Recreational fishing	Commercial fishing	Commercial aquaculture	Commercial tourism	Mining	Total area (km²)
National Park	II	{{yes}}	{{no}}	{{no}}	{{no}}	excludes fishing, with approval}}	{{no}}	9,273
Recreational Use	II	{{yes}}	{{yes}}	{{no}}	{{no}}	excludes fishing, with approval}}	{{no}}	1,170
Habitat Protection (Lord Howe)	IV	{{yes}}	{{yes}}	dropline and minorline only, with approval}}	{{no}}	with approval}}	{{no}}	5,136
Habitat Protection	IV	{{yes}}	{{yes}}	most, with approval}}	with approval}}	with approval}}	{{no}}	54,884
Multiple Use	VI	{{yes}}	{{yes}}	most, with approval}}	with approval}}	with approval}}	with approval}}	39,662
External link: [https://parksaustralia.gov.au/marine/pub/factsheets/factsheet-temperate-east-management-plan.pdf Zoning and rules for the Temperate East Marine Parks Network]

References

1. ^Map data: Sanctuary IUCN Ia and National Park IUCN II zones ('no take' zones) from Australian Marine Parks, (2018) Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy. CC BY 4.0. http://www.environment.gov.au/fed/catalog/search/resource/details.page?uuid=%7BCD8877F3-8C39-4A20-A53F-070FBEE5AF3C%7D
2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/8425530 |title=Relation: Lord Howe Marine Park (8425530) |website=OpenStreetMap |accessdate=August 16, 2018}}
3. ^¹²³⁴{{cite web |url=https://parksaustralia.gov.au/marine/pub/plans/temperate-east-management-plan-2018.pdf |title=Temperate East Marine Parks Network Management Plan 2018 |access-date=August 16, 2018 |publisher=Parks Australia}}
4. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://environment.gov.au/topics/marine/marine-reserves/temperate-east/lord-howe |title=Lord Howe Commonwealth Marine Reserve |website=environment.gov.au |access-date=16 August 2018 |publisher=© Commonwealth of Australia (CC BY 3.0 AU) }}

External links

[https://parksaustralia.gov.au/marine/parks/temperate-east/ Temperate East Marine Parks Network - Parks Australia]
Temperate East Marine Parks Network - environment.gov.au (outdated)

{{Protected areas managed by the Australian Government |state=collapsed}}

1 : Australian marine parks

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