“Lucy Maria (1801 ship)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Lucy Maria or Lucy and Maria was launched at Calcutta in 1801. She made one voyage to England carrying rice from Bengal on behalf of the British East India Company (EIC). She was seized at Amboyna in 1804 and then sailed as the Dutch ship Victoria. The British recaptured her in 1806 and new owners renamed her Troubridge and later renamed her Lucy Maria. As Troubridge she served as a transport for two invasions, that of Mauritius in 1810 and Java in 1811. She was broken up in 1821.

Career

Lucy Maria cost sicca rupees 191,000 (c.£38,200) to build.{{sfnp|Phipps|1840|p=130}} She was built of teak and her actual carrying capacity (as distinct from her registered burthen), may have been on the order of 1300 tons.{{sfnp|Hooker|1833|pp=42-43, Vol. 3}}

Captain Walter James,^[9] or more correctly Walter Dawes,{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=237}}{{sfnp|Hardy|1800|p=225}} sailed Lucy Maria from Calcutta on 7 February 1801, bound for England. She was at Saugor on 21 March and Simon's Bay on 31 July. She reached Saint Helena on 19 August and arrived at The Downs on 31 October.^[3] She was one of several vessels that delivered rice that the EIC offered for sale in December.^[4] The EIC offered the last 20 bags of rice from her in March 1802.^[5]

On 26 February 1802 Lucy and Maria was admitted to the Registry of Great Britain.^[1] She enters the Register of Shipping in 1802 with Dawes, master, Capt. & Co. owner, and trade London–Bengal.^[7]

Dutch ownership

However, that report was in error. Lucy Maria, Dawes, master, had put into Ambonya, having lost most of her crew to sickness. There the Dutch took possession of her and sent her to Batavia.^[10] Captain Dawes survived for a few more days after her departure, but then died. Only three members of her crew survived. They arrived at Madras in the grab Nancy, from Tranquebar.^[11]

The frigate {{HMS|Greyhound|1783|6}} and brig-sloop {{HMS|Harrier|1804|6}} recaptured her in 1806.

The two Royal Navy vessels encountered a Dutch squadron consisting of the Dutch national frigate Pallas, Dutch East India Company corvette William, Dutch East Indiaman Victoria (or in some sources Vittoria), of about 800 tons (bm), and Dutch East Indiaman Batavier, of some 500 tons (bm). The British captured all but William, which escaped.^[12]

The Asiatic Annual Register... reported under the rubric "Bengal — Occurrences for October, 1806" that one of the Dutch vessels that Greyhound and Harrier had captured was Lucy Maria. The article does not specify whether she was Victoria or Batavier, but Lucy Maria better fits the size descriptions of Victoria. The article also reports that Dawes had put into Ambonya because of sickness amongst his crew, and that he too had died of the disease.^[13] Another source confirms that Victoria was Lucy Maria.^[14]

British ownership

New owners renamed Victoria. Apparently she became Troubridge, or Trowbridge.{{sfnp|Hooker|1833|pp=42-43, Vol. 3}} In 1810 her master appears to have been Captain Samuel Gourley, who however died in Bengal.^[15]

As Troubridge she participated in the campaign to capture Île de France (Mauritius).^[2]

In 1810 the British Government detached Bombay Anna and Minerva, and two Calcutta ships, Oxford and Troubridge, from the rest of the transports and sent the four to the Cape of Good Hope to gather reinforcements. The governor there, Lord Caledon, delayed their departure. They were armed and received a naval officer to command them. (They may thereafter have been styled briefly as HM hired armed ships.) They arrived at Mauritius too late to participate in the attack.{{sfnp|Bulley|2000|p=69}} Troubridge{{'}}s naval commander may have been Lieutenant Thomas Mansel; obituaries describe him as her commander and state that he participated in the invasion.^[16]{{refn|In 1816 the Admiralty paid prize money for the campaign, and the Invasion. A first-class share, that of a captain or commander, was worth £153 5s 5½d. A second-class share, that of a lieutenant, was worth £29 2s 5¼d. It is not clear whether Mansel qualified for a first-class share as commander of Troubridge, despite being a lieutenant. A sixth-class share, that of an ordinary seaman, was worth £1 18s 0¾d.^[17] In 1828 there was a fourth and final payment. A first-class share was worth £29 19s 5¼d, and a second-class share was worth £6 7s 7d. A sixth-class share was worth 8s 2½d.^[18]|group=Note}}

On 2 October 1813 there occurred a trial on Java under a British judge and before an Anglo-Dutch jury. Troubridge{{'}}s third mate, a gunner, and another crewman were charged with having kidnapped a young girl at Sambas, in Borneo, and attempted to sell her as a slave at Semarang on 23 August. The jury found them "Not guilty". Troubridge{{'}}s master was Captain Humphreys.^[21] On 10 October Troubridge sailed from Java for Bengal with Major General Gillespie.{{sfnp|Bastin|2014}}

By 1815 or so Troubridge had reverted to the name Lucy Maria. The East-India Register and Directory for 1819 gives the name of Lucy Maria{{'}}s owner as Fairlie & Co., and her port of registry as Calcutta.^[22]

In 1816 Lucy and Maria, Captain A. Barclay, transported the 72nd Regiment of Foot from Calcutta to Mauritius and the Cape of Good Hope. Then in August 1817 Lucy and Maria delivered the 80rd Regiment of Foot to Portsmouth. Lt. Col. John Ashley Sturt, the commander of the regiment, presented Barclay with a piece of plate on behalf of the officers of the regiment as a token of appreciation for Barclay's kindness and professionalism.^[23]

Fate

The Register of Shipping for 1821 gives the name of Lucy Maria{{'}}s master as Barclay, her owner as Fairlie & Co., and her trade as London–India.^[25] Lucy Maria was broken up in 1821 at Calcutta.{{sfnp|Phipps|1840|p=98}}

Notes, citations, and references

1. ^¹Select... (1814), p.87.
2. ^¹Select... (1814), p.656.
3. ^¹British Library: Lucy Maria.
4. ^{{London Gazette|date=15 December 1801|issue=15436|page=1489}}
5. ^{{London Gazette|date=23 March 1802|issue=15464|page=308}}
6. ^Reports... (1809), p.197.
7. ^¹[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015021233575?urlappend=%3Bseq=330 Register of Shipping (1802), "L" supple.]
8. ^[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c2735021?urlappend=%3Bseq=343 Lloyd's List №4481.]
9. ^[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c2735021?urlappend=%3Bseq=355 Lloyd's List №4487.]
10. ^[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c2735022?urlappend=%3Bseq=52 Lloyd's List №4199.]
11. ^[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/626740?searchTerm=%22Lucy%20Maria%22%20Nancy%20grab&searchLimits= Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1803 - 1842). "SELECTIONS from Calcutta Gazettes", Sunday 28 April 1805, p.2.]
12. ^{{London Gazette|issue=16016|page=422|date=4 April 1807}}
13. ^Asiatic Annual Register, Or, a View of the History of ..., Vol. 10 (1806), pp.34-35.
14. ^¹²³Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol. 32, p.203.
15. ^Naval Chronicle, Vol. 24, p.87.
16. ^Register, and magazine of biography (1869), p.440.
17. ^{{London Gazette|date=2 March 1816|issue=17115|page=410}}
18. ^{{London Gazette|date=15 July 1828|issue=18487|page=1377}}
19. ^Select... (1814), p.656.
20. ^Naval Chronicle, Vol. 27, (Jan-Jun 1812), p.109.
21. ^African Institution (1815), Appendix H.
22. ^¹²East-India Register and Directory (1819), p.135.
23. ^European Magazine, and London Review, Vol. 72, pp.118-9.
24. ^Asiatic Journal, Vol. 6, pp.217-8.
25. ^[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015024214291?urlappend=%3Bseq=387 Register of Shipping (1821), Seq.№633.]