| 词条 | Magda Staudinger |
| 释义 |
| name = Magda Staudinger | image = Hermann Staudinger with wife 1953.jpg | alt = | caption = Hermann and Magda Staudinger in Stockholm in 1953 | birth_name = Magda Voita | birth_date = {{Birth date|1902|08|17|df=yes}} | birth_place = Elva, Estonia | death_date = {{Death date and age|1997|04|21|1902|08|17|df=yes}} | death_place = Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany | nationality = Latvian | other_names = Magda Woit Staudinger, Magda Štaudingere, Magda Štaudingere-Voita | spouse = Hermann Staudinger | alma mater = University of Berlin University of Latvia | occupation = biologist/botanist | years_active = 1927–1976 | known_for = | notable_works = }} Magda Staudinger ({{lang-lv|Magda Štaudingere}}; 17 August 1902 – 21 April 1997) was a Latvian biologist and botanist who studied macromolecules with her husband Hermann Staudinger and their application to biology. She was acknowledged as his collaborator when he won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry and she published seven volumes of his works after his death. She was awarded the Grand Order of the Latvian Academy of Sciences Medal for her contributions to the furtherance of science. BiographyMagda Voita (also shown as ({{lang-de|Magda Woit}}){{sfn|Ogilvie|Harvey|2000|p=1223}}) was born on 17 August 1902[1] in Elva, Estonia{{sfn|Ogilvie|Harvey|2000|p=1223}} to the Latvian physician Oskars Voits.[1] As a child, she lived in Saint Petersburg, later traveled extensively throughout Germany, Hungary and Switzerland{{sfn|Ogilvie|Harvey|2000|p=1223}} and gained fluency in English, French, German and Russian. She was also an accomplished pianist and violinist.{{sfn|Percec|2014|p=42}} She settled in Germany for her university studies at the University of Berlin. She studied plants under Gottlieb Haberlandt and obtained a degree in natural sciences{{sfn|Ogilvie|Harvey|2000|p=1223}} in 1925. She then continued her studies at the University of Latvia in Riga under[1] Nikolajs Malta [2] until 1927,[1] when she earned her PhD.{{sfn|Percec|2014|p=42}} That year, Voita married Hermann Staudinger, who would later win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry,{{sfn|Ogilvie|Harvey|2000|p=1223}} and moved with him to take up a position at Freiburg University in Germany.{{sfn|Percec|2014|p=89}} She met Hermann after she had passed her Latvian state examination and was studying at the Biological Institute on Helgoland in the summer of 1927. Hermann had recently published results on cellulose models and Voita was working on algae cell membranes. From that point on, they began collaborating on macromolecules.{{sfn|Percec|2014|p=130}} Staudinger studied macromolecules and their chemical structure and collaborated with Hermann for many years.{{sfn|Ogilvie|Harvey|2000|p=1223}} In the 1940s she returned to applying macromolecule studies to biology,{{sfn|Ogilvie|Harvey|2000|p=1223}} conducting trials from 1945 forward on living cells.{{sfn|Percec|2014|p=130}} In 1946, Hermann founded a journal to focus on developments in macromolecular chemistry, Makromolekulare Chemie, and Staudinger served on the editorial board of the journal.{{sfn|Percec|2014|p=42}} When Hermann received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry he acknowledged Staudinger's collaboration in his research. Between 1937 and 1956, she published 30 scientific papers on molecular mass and the microscopic evaluations of fiber morphology and colloids. Between 1969 and 1976, Staudinger edited and published seven volumes of the collected works of her husband.[1] After Hermann's death in 1965, she became president of the International Federation of University Women, serving until 1968.[1] She strove for more recognition of women in science and joined UNESCO to further those aims in the 1970s{{sfn|Percec|2014|p=42}} acting as president of the UNESCO German Science Commission from 1970 to 1975. She also was the first coordinator of the UNESCO Biosphere program.[1] In 1990, she was made an honorary member of the Latvian Academy of Sciences{{sfn|Ogilvie|Harvey|2000|p=1223}} and in 1991 she established a fund to assist those studying biology, chemistry and medicine in Latvia. In 1995, Staudinger set up a trust, the Magda and Hermann Staudinger Fund, for the benefit of retired members of the Latvian Academy of Sciences, to be used at the discretion of the academy for scholarships or other compensation.[1] In 1996, she was awarded the Grand Order of the Latvian Academy of Sciences Medal.{{sfn|Ogilvie|Harvey|2000|p=1223}}[1] Staudinger died in Freiburg im Breisgau on 21 April 1997 and was buried beside her husband at the Hauptfriedhof Freiburg Cemetery.[3] Selected works
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|title=Magda Štaudingere–Voita (Magda Staudinger–Woit)|url=http://www.lza.lv/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=807&Itemid=78|publisher=Latvijas Zinātņu akadēmija|accessdate=22 November 2015|location=Riga, Latvia|language=Latvian|date=25 November 2009}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=History of the Botanical Garden|url=http://www.botanika.lu.lv/eng/history/|publisher=Latvijas Universitāte Botāniskais dārzs|accessdate=22 November 2015|location=Riga Latvia}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Dr Magda Woit Staudinger|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/34583806|publisher=Find-a-Grave|accessdate=23 November 2015}} Bibliography
External links{{Commons category|Magda Staudinger}}
11 : 1902 births|1997 deaths|Latvian women scientists|Latvian chemists|German chemists|Women chemists|Latvian biologists|University of Latvia alumni|Humboldt University of Berlin alumni|20th-century women scientists|German women chemists |
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