| 词条 | Abrolhos Marine National Park |
| 释义 |
| name = Abrolhos Marine National Park | alt_name = Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos | iucn_category = | photo = Archipel de Abrolhos1.jpg | photo_alt = | photo_caption = One of the islands of the Abrolhos Archipelago | map = Brazil | map_alt = | relief = yes | location = | nearest_city = | coordinates = {{coords|-17.971|-38.700|display=it}} | region = | area = | designation = National park | created = | administrator = | world_heritage_site = | embedded = {{Designation list | embed = yes | designation1 = Ramsar | designation1_date = 2 February 2010 | designation1_number = 1902[1]}} }} The Abrolhos Marine National Park ({{lang-pt|Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos}} {{IPA-pt|ˈpaʁki nɐsjoˈnaw mɐˈɾĩɲu duz ɐˈbɾɔʎus|}}) is a national park that was established in 1983 covering most of the Abrolhos Archipelago area in the state of Bahia, Brazil. LocationThe park was established on 6 April 1983. It covers about {{convert|91300|ha}}.{{sfn|Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos – ICMBio}} It became part of the Central Atlantic Forest Ecological Corridor, created in 2002.{{sfn|Lamas|Crepaldi|Mesquita|2015|p=101}} It is located off the southern coast of the Bahia in the north east of Brazil.{{sfn|Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos – Abrolhos.net}} The islands are volcanic in origin.{{sfn|The Marine National Park of Abrolhos – ilhasdeabrolhos.com.br}} There are five islands in the Abrolhos archipelago but only one of them, Siriba, is open to visitors. A {{convert|1600|m}} trail runs round this island. Ilha Santa Bárbara is outside the park boundary.{{sfn|Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos – Abrolhos.net}} It is under the jurisdiction of the navy, which maintains a navigation beacon there.{{sfn|Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos – ICMBio}} The other islands are Ilha Guarita, Ilha Redonda, Ilha Sueste.{{sfn|Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos – Abrolhos.net}} The park also includes the Parcel dos Abrolhos, where typical coral formations of the region may be seen, and the Timbebas reef opposite the city of Alcobaça.{{sfn|Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos – ICMBio}} EcologyThe waters are clear and there is great diversity of underwater flora and fauna, including flourishing coral formations. The island vegetation is mainly low, small plants such as grasses and herbs. Seabirds include the white bellied booby, terns, frigates, jays and woodpeckers.{{sfn|The Marine National Park of Abrolhos – ilhasdeabrolhos.com.br}} Charles Darwin visited the archipelago in 1830 and was impressed by the variety of species, including birds, lizards and spiders.{{sfn|Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos – ICMBio}} Ilha Guarita and Ilha Sueste are home to many seabirds. Frigate birds nest on the steep sides of Ilha Redonda, which is visited by loggerhead turtles for spawning in the summer. Diving along the reefs and the Rosalinda shipwreck is allowed, and humpback whales may be observed from boats.{{sfn|Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos – Abrolhos.net}} Since 2003 the park has been an outpost of the Atlantic Forest Biosphere Reserve (RBMA: Reserva de Biosfera da Mata Atlântica). In 2010 it was recognized as a Ramsar Site.{{sfn|Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos – ICMBio}} References1. ^{{Cite web|title=Abrolhos Marine National Park|website=Ramsar Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1902|accessdate=25 April 2018}} {{Wikivoyage|Abrolhos}}Sources{{refbegin}}
|last1=Lamas |first1=Ivana Reis |last2=Crepaldi |first2=Maria Otávia |last3=Mesquita |first3=Carlos Alberto Bernardo |title=Uma Rede no Corredor|publisher=Conservação Internacional (CI-Brasil)|year= 2015|ISBN=978-85-98830-28-5 |url=http://www.conservation.org/global/brasil/publicacoes/Documents/Uma%20Rede%20no%20Corredor.pdf|accessdate=2016-10-22}}
|title=Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos|work=Abrolhos.net |url=http://www.abrolhos.net/abrolhos/parque.htm|accessdate=2016-04-30}}
|title=Parque Nacional Marinho dos Abrolhos |publisher=ICMBio |url=http://www.icmbio.gov.br/portal/o-que-fazemos/visitacao/unidades-abertas-a-visitacao/193-parque-nacional-marinho-dos-abrolhos.html|accessdate=2016-04-30}}
|title=The Marine National Park of Abrolhos|work=ilhasdeabrolhos.com.br |url=http://www.ilhasdeabrolhos.com.br/en/209/the-marine-national-park-of-abrolhos|accessdate=2016-04-30}}{{refend}}{{National park (Brazil)}} 3 : National parks of Brazil|Protected areas of Bahia|Ramsar sites in Brazil |
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